前美国外国资产控制办公室（OFAC）官员杰里米·帕纳向福克斯新闻数字频道证实，总统拥有授权进口的法律权力
作者：艾玛·布西 福克斯新闻
发布时间：美国东部时间2026年10月27日晚7:09
俄罗斯柴油油轮正式驶往美国
退役海军陆战队少将阿诺德·普纳罗在《美国报道》节目中谈及唐纳德·特朗普总统与俄罗斯的柴油交易、一艘油轮正驶向美国、俄罗斯计划在中国可能支持下开发类似星链的卫星网络，以及莫斯科持续对乌克兰发动打击。
新功能 您现在可以收听福克斯新闻文章。
blob:https://www.foxnews.com/9d48f855-5ab7-44b2-9ccb-9b6cd8ee26c4
收听本文
时长：7分钟
三艘运载俄罗斯柴油的油轮正穿越大西洋驶向美国港口，另有一艘即将启航。与此同时，唐纳德·特朗普总统与莫斯科达成的燃料交易在国会引发反对，相关企业还面临被调查的威胁。
此前，一名前财政部制裁官员向福克斯新闻数字频道证实，尽管2022年法律禁止进口俄罗斯能源产品，特朗普仍拥有授权进口的法律权力，理由是华盛顿的授权并未取消 underlying 禁令（注：此处保留专业术语的模糊指代，结合原文语境译为“基础禁令”）。
“所谓总统违反2022年禁止进口法律的担忧，实际上并无法律依据，因此总统在本案中当然拥有授权的权力。”休斯·哈伯德·里德律师事务所合伙人杰里米·帕纳告诉福克斯新闻数字频道。
https://news-multimedia-1393112320.cos.ap-guangzhou.myqcloud.com/clear.gif
特朗普对俄罗斯采取不同策略，旨在持续俄乌战争期间缓解美国民众压力
https://news-multimedia-1393112320.cos.ap-guangzhou.myqcloud.com/putin-kremlin-us-officials.jpg
2026年1月22日，俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔·普京在莫斯科克里姆林宫会见美国特使史蒂夫·惠特科夫、贾里德·库什纳及联邦采购服务专员乔希·格伦鲍姆。（亚历山大·扎卡科夫/ Pool /法新社/盖蒂图片社）
俄罗斯副总理亚历山大·诺瓦克周二在天然气出口国论坛（GECF）峰会间隙也证实了油轮的动向，表示第四艘船预计将于10月28日驶离俄罗斯。
“目前有三艘船在运。第四艘还未启航。”诺瓦克对塔斯社记者表示。
这批货物总计约14万吨，是特朗普与俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔·普京10月9日达成协议后首批获准进口的货物，该协议临时允许进口俄罗斯柴油。
美国政府此举旨在缓解因与伊朗战争及乌克兰对俄罗斯炼油厂袭击引发的供应中断导致的柴油价格上涨。
该协议引发了国会反对，议员们认为政府无权未经国会批准绕过2022年《终止进口俄罗斯石油法案》。
康涅狄格州民主党参议员理查德·布卢门撒尔周二还升级了反对立场，要求两家航运公司召回驶往美国港口的俄罗斯柴油油轮。
https://news-multimedia-1393112320.cos.ap-guangzhou.myqcloud.com/clear.gif
共和党议员在俄罗斯柴油交易问题上与特朗普产生分歧
https://news-multimedia-1393112320.cos.ap-guangzhou.myqcloud.com/richard_blumenthal.jpg
华盛顿特区——2月27日：美国参议员理查德·布卢门撒尔（民主党，康涅狄格州）2025年2月27日在华盛顿美国国会大厦投票后，于参议院会议厅外对媒体发表讲话。2025年2月25日众议院通过支出法案后，参议院将着手预算谈判。（图片来源：凯拉·巴特科夫斯基/盖蒂图片社）（盖蒂图片社）
在致东地中海航运有限公司和越南石油公司的信件中，布卢门撒尔辩称，财政部的第135号通用许可证无法推翻2022年的进口禁令，并警告称这些运输将违反联邦法律。
他还要求提供相关运输企业及其在10月31日前收到的任何联邦指导意见的详细信息。
但帕纳对解除制裁和授权特定交易做了区分。
“特朗普的行动并未解除、取消或放弃对俄罗斯柴油进口的基础禁令。”帕纳说。
“它只是授权了进口，而从法律角度看，这二者完全不同。许可证并不会取消禁令，只是使进口成为允许的行为。”这位专家补充道。
据报道，已抵达的油轮中有至少两艘受到西方制裁，因此引发了审查。
第一艘油轮是挂马耳他国旗的“阿吉奥·法内德斯”号，运载约4万吨柴油，目的地为纽约，预计11月7日抵达。
第二艘是有20年船龄的“塔利斯曼”号，预计11月9日抵达东海岸，受到美国、英国及欧盟制裁。
无人机攻势以“工业规模”袭击俄罗斯油轮和炼油厂，莫斯科随即禁止柴油出口
俄罗斯“弗拉基米尔·莫诺马赫”号原油油轮悬挂俄罗斯国旗，正在土耳其伊斯坦布尔的博斯普鲁斯海峡航行。（路透社/约鲁克·伊西克/资料照片）
第三艘油轮是挂塞拉利昂国旗、由香港企业所有的“乐润”号，预计11月11日左右抵达东海岸。
“乐润”号因被指控涉及俄罗斯石油及石油产品的虚假运输行为、在海上进行船船转运，于2025年受到欧盟、英国及加拿大制裁。
帕纳表示，即使一艘船受到美国单独制裁，美国的授权也能让这些运输在美国制裁规则下进行。
“从美国法律角度看，即便其中一艘船受到美国制裁，即便美国法律禁止进口俄罗斯柴油，美国制裁也不会阻碍从这三艘船进口俄罗斯柴油。”帕纳解释道。
“由于OFAC发布的授权范围广泛，它将涵盖所有涉及俄罗斯制裁的事项。”帕纳指的是财政部下属的外国资产控制办公室。
“从美国角度看，这三艘船中是否有一艘受美国制裁，并不相关。”他补充道。
但帕纳警告称，美国的授权不会自动保护受其他国家制裁制度约束的外国企业。
共和党议员在俄罗斯柴油交易问题上与特朗普产生分歧
2025年8月15日，美国阿拉斯加州安克雷奇，美国总统唐纳德·特朗普（右）在俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔·普京抵达埃尔门多夫-理查德森联合基地时与其会面。（安德鲁·哈尼克/盖蒂图片社）
“复杂之处在于欧盟、英国和加拿大对部分船只的制裁，这是因为航运行业有太多不同参与者，包括托运人、保险公司、再保险公司及银行。”帕纳说。
“可能会有欧洲运营商参与，而美国的授权不会允许这些欧洲、英国或加拿大企业参与这些运输。”
帕纳表示，这些复杂情况可以解释为何使用受制裁船只进行运输。
https://news-multimedia-1393112320.cos.ap-guangzhou.myqcloud.com/clear.gif
“选择受制裁船只，是因为运输俄罗斯柴油会带来声誉和法律风险。”他说。
“即便美国批准了，这些大型全球物流企业和航运公司也必须考虑其他制裁因素。”帕纳补充道。
他还警告称，船只所有权可能会使确定适用哪种制裁的工作变得复杂。
“我目前不知道这些船的所有者是谁。我不确定各个制裁机构认定的同一实体现在是否仍拥有这些船。”
这批运输凸显了华盛顿对俄罗斯能源限制方式的转变，此前莫斯科2022年入侵乌克兰后，美国禁止进口俄罗斯石油，并对俄罗斯石油及精炼产品实施价格上限。
特朗普称俄罗斯已同意交付数百万美元柴油，此前开展“极为成功的对话”
唐纳德·特朗普总统因促成俄罗斯总统普京和乌克兰总统弗拉基米尔·泽连斯基会面，被提名诺贝尔和平奖。（盖蒂图片社）
根据协议，华盛顿授权进口部分俄罗斯柴油，作为交换，莫斯科将向全球市场投放30万吨柴油，11月增至50万吨，之后可能达到每月100万吨。
https://news-multimedia-1393112320.cos.ap-guangzhou.myqcloud.com/clear.gif
诺瓦克还批评反对该协议的议员，指责他们违背美国消费者的利益。
“总体而言，看到民主党采取的立场确实令人惊讶，他们发声甚至采取行动的方式并不符合美国人民的最佳利益。”诺瓦克说。
议员们在10月致纽约、新泽西及得克萨斯州墨西哥湾沿岸商业银行、燃料分销商和港口管理局的信件中，还警告称参与柴油运输的企业可能面临调查。
他们还要求企业保存交易记录、港口预订信息及通信，并要求收件人在10月28日前确认已采取措施留存这些文件。
点击此处下载福克斯新闻应用
“我相信美国国会将会展开调查，在调查美国参与情况后，他们也将能够查明涉及的非美国企业。”帕纳总结道。
艾玛·布西是福克斯新闻数字频道的突发新闻撰稿人。加入福克斯前，她曾在《每日电讯报》美国夜班团队工作，涵盖外交、政治、新闻、体育及文化等多个领域。
Russian diesel tankers close in on US ports as Trump, Putin deal triggers legal showdown
Former OFAC official Jeremy Paner confirmed to Fox News Digital that the president has legal authority to authorize the imports
By Emma Bussey Fox News
Published October 27, 2026 7:09pm EDT
Russian diesel tanker officially en route to US
Retired Marine Corps Maj. Gen. Arnold Punaro discusses President Donald Trump’s diesel deal with Russia as a tanker heads to the U.S., Russia’s efforts to develop a Starlink-like satellite network with potential support from China and Moscow’s continued strikes against Ukraine on ‘America Reports.’
NEW You can now listen to Fox News articles!
blob:https://www.foxnews.com/9d48f855-5ab7-44b2-9ccb-9b6cd8ee26c4
Listen to this article
7 min
Three tankers carrying Russian diesel are crossing the Atlantic toward U.S. ports, with a fourth set to depart soon, as President Donald Trump’s fuel deal with Moscow draws opposition in Congress and threats to investigate companies involved in the shipments.
This came as a former Treasury Department sanction official confirmed to Fox News Digital that Trump has the legal authority to allow the imports despite a 2022 law banning Russian energy products, arguing that Washington’s authorization does not eliminate the underlying prohibition.
“The concern that the president has violated a law from 2022 that prohibits the importation is actually not founded in law, so the president certainly has the authority in this case to provide the authorization,” Jeremy Paner, a partner at Hughes Hubbard & Reed, told Fox News Digital.
https://news-multimedia-1393112320.cos.ap-guangzhou.myqcloud.com/clear.gif
TRUMP TRIES DIFFERENT APPROACH WITH RUSSIA TO BRING AMERICANS RELIEF AMID ONGOING WAR WITH UKRAINE
https://news-multimedia-1393112320.cos.ap-guangzhou.myqcloud.com/putin-kremlin-us-officials.jpg
Russia’s President Vladimir Putin meets with U.S. special envoy Steve Witkoff, Jared Kushner and Federal Acquisition Service Commissioner Josh Gruenbaum at the Kremlin in Moscow on Jan. 22, 2026.(Alexander Kazakov/Pool/AFP via Getty Images)
Russian Deputy Prime Minister Alexander Novak also confirmed the tanker movements Tuesday on the sidelines of the Gas Exporting Countries Forum (GEC) summit, saying a fourth vessel was expected to depart Russia Oct. 28.
“There are three ships at the moment. The fourth has not yet departed,” Novak said, according to TASS.
The shipments, totaling around 140,000 metric tons, are the first authorized cargoes under an Oct. 9 agreement between Trump and Russian President Vladimir Putin temporarily permitting imports of Russian diesel.
The administration followed the process to ease diesel prices amid supply disruptions linked to the war with Iran and Ukrainian strikes on Russian refineries.
The deal triggered opposition on Capitol Hill, where lawmakers argue the administration lacks the authority to bypass the Ending Importation of Russian Oil Act of 2022 without congressional approval.
Sen. Richard Blumenthal, D-Conn., also escalated opposition on Tuesday, demanding that two shipping companies recall tankers carrying Russian diesel bound for U.S. ports.
https://news-multimedia-1393112320.cos.ap-guangzhou.myqcloud.com/clear.gif
REPUBLICAN LAWMAKERS BREAK WITH TRUMP ON DIESEL DEAL WITH RUSSIA
https://news-multimedia-1393112320.cos.ap-guangzhou.myqcloud.com/richard_blumenthal.jpg
WASHINGTON, DC – FEBRUARY 27: U.S. Sen. Richard Blumenthal (D-CT) speaks to press outside the Senate Chambers after voting in the U.S. Capitol on February 27, 2025 in Washington, DC. The Senate will take up budget negotiations after the House passed the spending bill on Feb. 25, 2025. (Photo by Kayla Bartkowski/Getty Images)(Getty Images)
In letters to Eastern Mediterranean Maritime Limited and PetroVietnam, Blumenthal argued that the Treasury Department’s General License No. 135 cannot override the 2022 import ban and warned that the deliveries would violate federal law.
He also demanded details about the companies involved in the shipments and any federal guidance they received by Oct. 31.
Paner however, drew a distinction between removing sanctions and authorizing specific transactions.
“Trump’s action did not lift, or remove, or waive the underlying prohibition on the importation of Russian diesel into the United States,” Paner said.
“What it did was authorize it, and as a matter of law, that’s different. A license does not get rid of a prohibition. It’s simply allowed,” the expert added.
The incoming tankers have drawn scrutiny because at least two are subject to Western sanctions, according to reports.
The first tanker, the Malta-flagged Agioi Fanendes, is carrying about 40,000 metric tons of diesel and signaling New York as its destination, with an estimated arrival date of Nov. 7.
A second vessel, the 20-year-old Talisman, is expected to reach the East Coast on Nov. 9 and is sanctioned by the U.S., United Kingdom and the EU.
DRONE OFFENSIVE HITS RUSSIAN OIL TANKERS AND REFINERIES AT ‘INDUSTRIAL SCALE’ AS MOSCOW BANS DIESEL EXPORTS
Rosneft’s Russian-flagged crude oil tanker Vladimir Monomakh transits the Bosphorus in Istanbul, Turkey.(REUTERS/Yoruk Isik/File Photo)
The third tanker, the Sierra Leone-flagged, Hong Kong-owned Leruo, is signaling an East Coast arrival around Nov. 11.
The Leruo was sanctioned in 2025 by the European Union, United Kingdom and Canada over alleged deceptive shipping practices involving Russian oil and petroleum products and conducting ship-to-ship transfers at sea.
Paner said the U.S. authorization would allow the shipments to proceed under American sanctions rules, even if a vessel is separately designated under U.S. sanctions.
“From a U.S. legal perspective, U.S. sanctions do not get in the way of importing Russian diesel from these three ships, even though one of the ships is sanctioned by the United States and even though the importation of Russian diesel is prohibited by U.S. law,” Paner explained.
“Because of the breadth of the authorization that OFAC issued, it would cover anything that would touch upon Russian sanctions,” Paner said, referring to the Treasury Department’s Office of Foreign Assets Control.
“From a U.S. perspective, it’s not relevant that one of these three vessels is sanctioned by the U.S.,” he added.
But Paner warned that American authorization would not automatically protect foreign companies operating under other countries’ sanctions regimes.
REPUBLICAN LAWMAKERS BREAK WITH TRUMP ON DIESEL DEAL WITH RUSSIA
U.S. President Donald Trump (R) greets Russian President Vladimir Putin as he arrives at Joint Base Elmendorf-Richardson on Aug. 15, 2025 in Anchorage, Alaska.(Andrew Harnik/Getty Images)
“Where it gets complicated is the EU, U.K. and Canadian sanctions on some of the vessels, and that is because there are so many different players in the maritime industry, including shippers, insurers, re-insurers and banks,” Paner said.
“There could be European operators involved, and the U.S. authorization would not authorize those European, U.K. or Canadian companies to have any involvement in these shipments.”
The complications could explain why sanctioned vessels are being used for the deliveries, according to Paner.
https://news-multimedia-1393112320.cos.ap-guangzhou.myqcloud.com/clear.gif
“Sanctioned vessels would be used because of the reputational and legal risk exposure from moving Russian diesel,” he said.
“Even if it’s blessed by the U.S., there are other sanctions out there that these big global logistics companies and shipping companies have to keep in mind as well,” Paner added.
He also cautioned that vessel ownership could complicate efforts to determine which sanctions apply.
“I don’t know who owns them currently. I don’t know if the same entity identified by the various sanctioning authorities owns them now.”
The shipments underscore a shift in Washington’s approach to Russian energy restrictions imposed following Moscow’s 2022 invasion of Ukraine, when the United States banned Russian petroleum imports and imposed price caps on Russian oil and refined products.
TRUMP SAYS RUSSIA HAS AGREED TO DELIVER MILLIONS IN DIESEL FUEL AFTER ‘HIGHLY SUCCESSFUL DISCUSSION’
President Donald Trump is being tapped for a Nobel Peace Prize for his efforts to bring together Russian President Vladimir Putin and Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy(Getty Images)
Under the deal, Washington authorized certain Russian diesel imports in exchange for Moscow releasing 300,000 metric tons to global markets, rising to 500,000 in November and potentially 1 million per month after.
https://news-multimedia-1393112320.cos.ap-guangzhou.myqcloud.com/clear.gif
Novak also criticized lawmakers opposing the arrangement, accusing them of acting against the interests of American consumers.
“Overall, it is certainly surprising to see the stance taken by Democrats, who speak out — or even take action — in a way that is not in the best interests of the residents of the United States of America,” Novak said.
In an Oct. letter to commercial banks, fuel distributors and port authorities in New York, New Jersey and along the Texas Gulf Coast, lawmakers also warned that companies involved in the diesel shipments could face investigations.
They also demanded that companies preserve transaction records, port reservations and communications, giving recipients until Oct. 28 to confirm they had taken steps to retain the documents.
CLICK HERE TO DOWNLOAD THE FOX NEWS APP
“I’m confident that Congress is going to investigate on the U.S. side, and then from investigating the U.S. involvement, they’ll be able to understand the non-U.S. companies that are involved as well,” Paner concluded.
Emma Bussey is a breaking news writer for Fox News Digital. Before joining Fox, she worked at The Telegraph with the U.S. overnight team, across desks including foreign, politics, news, sport and culture.