2026-07-15T05:50:03-04:00 / 福克斯新闻
专家称美军可在数小时内夺取伊朗石油终端，但警告守住该岛对抗导弹袭击难度大得多
作者：埃弗拉特·拉赫特 福克斯新闻
发布于 2026年7月15日 美国东部时间上午5:50
前中央司令部副指挥官详述夺取伊朗哈格岛所需条件
独家报道：退役海军副上将罗伯特·哈沃德向福克斯新闻讲述了美军夺取伊朗石油出口终端的行动可能如何展开，情报为何决定行动成败，以及为何守住该岛可能比攻占它更难。
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数百名美国海军陆战队队员突击登陆，直升机在头顶轰鸣，海军战舰和战斗机建立起压倒性的空中和海上优势，指挥官向伊朗军队发出最后通牒：投降或被歼灭。
这是军事专家设想的美军潜在行动开局阶段，行动目标是夺取伊朗哈格岛——这座面积不大但战略意义至关重要的岛屿承担着伊朗伊斯兰共和国约90%的原油出口任务，也已成为华盛顿对德黑兰实施经济施压的核心目标。
周二，美国总统唐纳德·特朗普拒绝排除接管该岛的可能性，这一情景重新进入公众视野。在《特别报道》节目中接受福克斯新闻首席外交记者特雷·英斯特的独家专访时，当被直接问及是否计划夺取哈格岛时，特朗普表示：“我不能这么跟你说，因为说了就太愚蠢了。”他补充称，此前美军的打击行动故意避开了岛上的石油设施，因为它们“关乎世界经济的一部分”。
特朗普若想击败伊朗有3个定义胜利的选择，无一轻松
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伊朗海岸外波斯湾中的哈格岛卫星视图。（加洛图片/轨道视界/哥白尼哨兵数据 2024）
“解决这件事有很多办法，”前美国中央司令部副指挥官、退役海军副上将罗伯特·哈沃德告诉福克斯新闻数字频道。
哈沃德解释称，海军陆战队远征部队可以开展两栖攻击，同时美国海军和空军完全掌控作战空间，让伊朗防御者在大规模战斗爆发前有投降的机会。他表示，行动目标不应仅仅是夺取该岛，还要保护石油基础设施，未来这些设施可能交由伊朗后政府使用。
“归根结底，真正的目标是将风险降至最低，”哈沃德说。“不仅要降低己方部队的风险，还要降低你接触到的人员的风险”，同时限制对设施的破坏，这些设施最终可能移交给“一个致力于支持本国人民，而非扩散伊斯兰革命的伊朗政府”。
特朗普的言论呼应了哈沃德的评估，即保护哈格岛的石油设施可能是关键的军事目标。特朗普称，他此前曾指示美军在打击行动中“除了石油设施外，打击一切目标”，并解释称破坏该出口终端可能对全球经济产生重大影响。
伊朗的攻击正迫使五角大楼重新审视其数十年的中东基地战略
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2026年2月15日，美军在印度洋-太平洋司令部责任区内对“维罗妮卡三世号”实施海上拦截登船行动，未发生任何意外，此前该船据称试图违抗特朗普总统的隔离令。（X/@DeptofWar）
但军事专家表示，夺取哈格岛可能只是任务中最容易的部分。
这座面积8平方英里的岛屿距离伊朗海湾海岸仅16英里，完全处于伊朗导弹、无人机和岸基反舰武器的射程范围内。尽管分析人士认为美军大概率可以在数小时内夺取该岛，但要守住它抵御来自附近大陆的持续反击，可能需要规模大得多、持续时间更长的军事投入——这增加了与伊朗直接开战的风险。
哈格岛的战略重要性早于伊朗现代石油工业。1838年英国与波斯在赫拉特发生对峙期间，英军曾短暂占领该岛；1856年英波战争期间，英军再次占领该岛，利用其靠近伊朗海岸的位置向德黑兰施压。近一个世纪后，伊朗选择哈格岛作为深水石油终端，因为其隐蔽的水域可以容纳大型油轮。工程于20世纪50年代末启动，该终端于1960年投入使用，将该岛转变为伊朗原油的主要出口通道。
“每个人都在谈论夺取哈格岛，”美国企业研究所关键威胁项目助理主任尼古拉斯·卡尔告诉福克斯新闻数字频道。“伊朗花了数十年时间研发拒止能力，专门用于阻止美军靠近其海岸。”这些能力包括反舰巡航导弹、无人机、水雷和数百艘快速攻击艇，旨在击溃优势海军力量。
专家称伊朗对抗美国的最大武器可能正在溜走
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2026年2月25日的卫星图像显示了伊朗哈格岛的石油终端。（2026年行星实验室PBC/路透社供图）
军事规划者长期以来一直将伊朗的反介入战略视为中东地区最复杂的战略之一。德黑兰并未选择与美国海军逐舰对抗，而是大力投资不对称武器，旨在让任何两栖攻击行动都付出高昂代价。
哈沃德曾任职于国家安全委员会，目前是美国犹太国家安全研究所伊朗政策项目成员，他承认，一旦美军登上哈格岛，主要威胁将从常规海战转向来自附近大陆的导弹和无人机袭击。
“伊朗并没有真正的空中力量，”哈沃德说。“令人担忧的是他们是否会向部署有美军的岛上发射导弹和无人机。这是最大的风险。”
哈沃德表示，行动的可行性最终将取决于有关伊朗部队数量和部署情况的情报、他们是否布设了诱杀装置或简易爆炸装置，以及美军登陆后德黑兰可能作何反应。
不过他辩称，此类反击对德黑兰来说也将付出代价。
“如果他们开始袭击哈格岛本身，他们就要为破坏本国的经济生命线负责，”他说。
这一挑战凸显了战术成功与战略成功之间的区别。夺取一座8平方英里的岛屿是一个军事问题。在距离伊朗领土仅咫尺之遥的地方抵御持续攻击则是另一回事。
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2017年3月12日，伊朗波斯湾沿岸、距离伊朗海岸25公里、霍尔木兹海峡西北483公里处的哈格岛石油终端港。（法特梅·巴赫拉米/阿纳多卢通讯社/盖蒂图片社）
哈沃德表示，华盛顿仍有几种不发动两栖攻击的选择。
随着美国牵头的封锁（周二已强化）已经在限制伊朗的石油出口，他认为，额外的经济压力可以瞄准陆上运输路线、边境口岸和空中交通，而不必投入地面部队。
“你仍然可以做很多事情来加大伊朗的经济困境，”哈沃德说。“同步军事、经济和政治压力才是真正的战略。”
一些战略家也质疑哈格岛是否是最有价值的军事目标。
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https://www.foxnews.com/video/6398155039112
退役海军副上将、前第五舰队司令马克·福克斯此前告诉福克斯新闻数字频道，哈格岛本质上是一个石油终端，而非军事要塞。相反，他认为，大通布岛、小通布岛和阿布穆萨岛等霍尔木兹海峡附近的争议岛屿可能是更容易实现的军事目标，同时由于它们位于全球最重要的航运航道之一沿线，会给德黑兰带来重大的战略困境。
但对哈沃德来说，更大的问题不限于任何单个岛屿。
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2016年2月23日，海湾沿岸哈格岛某石油设施内的输油管道。（斯特/法新社 via 盖蒂图片社）
“我认为，确保该地区长期稳定与安全的唯一真正最终状态，是一个放弃伊斯兰革命、专注于伊朗人民的伊朗政府，”他说。这将需要终止德黑兰的核野心、停止支持代理团体、保护霍尔木兹海峡的航行自由，并结束该政权的国内镇压。
无论华盛顿是否决定夺取哈格岛，军事规划者都在一点上达成共识：夺取伊朗的经济生命线可能只需数小时，但成功守住该岛——以及应对随之而来的地区升级——将是一场漫长得多、也复杂得多的行动。
埃弗拉特（埃菲）·拉赫特是一名调查记者、电影制片人和战地记者。她执导并制作了超过200个纪录片片段，足迹遍布40多个国家。她是2022年佩雷斯和平中心奖得主，同时也是2023-2024年密歇根大学奈特-华莱士新闻学研究员。她拥有传播学学士学位和政治学硕士学位。
Trump won’t rule out Kharg Island takeover: What a US assault could look like
2026-07-15T05:50:03-04:00 / Fox News
Experts say US forces could seize Iran’s oil terminal in hours but warn holding it against missiles is far harder
By Efrat Lachter Fox News
Published July 15, 2026 5:50am EDT
Ex-CENTCOM deputy commander lays out what it would take to seize Iran’s Kharg Island
Exclusive: Retired Vice Adm. Robert Harward tells Fox News how a U.S. operation to seize Iran’s oil export terminal could unfold, why intelligence determines success, and why holding the island could prove harder than capturing it.
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Hundreds of U.S. Marines storm ashore as helicopters thunder overhead, Navy warships and fighter jets establish overwhelming air and sea superiority, and commanders issue one final warning to Iranian forces: surrender or be overrun.
That is how military experts envision the opening hours of a potential U.S. operation to seize Iran’s Kharg Island — the tiny but strategically vital island that handles roughly 90% of the Islamic Republic’s crude oil exports and has become the centerpiece of Washington’s economic pressure campaign against Tehran.
The scenario was thrust back into the spotlight Tuesday after President Donald Trump declined to rule out taking the island. “I can’t say that to you because if I did, it would be foolish,” Trump told Fox News chief foreign correspondent Trey Yingst during an exclusive interview on ‘Special Report’ when asked directly whether he planned to seize Kharg island. He added that previous U.S. strikes intentionally avoided the island’s oil facilities because they are “a chunk of the world economy.”
TRUMP HAS 3 CHOICES TO DEFINE VICTORY IF HE WANTS TO BEAT IRAN. NONE OF THEM ARE EASY
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Satellite view of Kharg Island, located in the Persian Gulf off the coast of Iran.(Gallo Images/Orbital Horizon/Copernicus Sentinel Data 2024)
“There are a lot of ways to skin this cat,” retired Vice Adm. Robert Harward, former deputy commander of U.S. Central Command, told Fox News Digital in an interview.
Harward explained a Marine Expeditionary Unit could conduct an amphibious assault while U.S. naval and air forces establish complete control over the battlespace, giving Iranian defenders an opportunity to surrender before major fighting begins. The goal, he said, would not simply be to capture the island but to preserve the oil infrastructure that could one day serve a post-Islamic Republic government.
“The real objective at the end of the day is to minimize risk,” said Harward. “Not only to your own forces, but to the people you’re coming in contact with,” while also limiting damage to facilities that could eventually be handed over to “a government of Iran that is focused on supporting its people, as opposed to proliferating the Islamic Revolution.”
Trump’s remarks echoed Harward’s assessment that preserving Kharg’s oil facilities would likely be a key military objective. Trump said he had instructed U.S. forces during previous strikes to “hit everything, but the oil,” explaining that damaging the export terminal could have significant consequences for the global economy.
HOW IRAN ATTACKS ARE FORCING THE PENTAGON TO RETHINK ITS DECADES-OLD MIDDLE EAST BASE STRATEGY
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U.S. forces conduct a maritime interdiction and boarding of the Veronica III without incident in the INDOPACOM area of responsibility after the vessel allegedly tried to defy President Trump’s quarantine, Feb. 15, 2026.(X/@DeptofWar)
But military experts say capturing Kharg may be the easiest part of the mission.
Located just 16 miles off Iran’s Gulf coast, the eight-square-mile island sits well within range of Iranian missiles, drones and shore-based anti-ship weapons. While analysts believe U.S. forces could likely seize the island within hours, holding it against sustained retaliation from the nearby mainland could require a far larger and longer military commitment—raising the risk of direct war with Iran itself.
Kharg’s strategic importance predates Iran’s modern oil industry. British forces briefly occupied the island during confrontations with Persia over Herat in 1838 and again during the Anglo-Persian War in 1856, using its location near the Iranian coast to apply pressure on Tehran. Nearly a century later, Iran selected Kharg as a deep-water oil terminal because its sheltered waters could accommodate large tankers. Construction began in the late 1950s, and the terminal entered service in 1960, transforming the island into the principal outlet for Iranian crude.
“Everybody talks about seizing Kharg,” Nicholas Carl, assistant director of the Critical Threats Project at the American Enterprise Institute, told Fox News Digital. “Iran has spent decades investing in denial capabilities designed specifically to keep U.S. forces away from its shores.” Those capabilities include anti-ship cruise missiles, drones, naval mines and hundreds of fast attack craft designed to overwhelm superior naval forces.
IRAN’S BIGGEST WEAPON AGAINST THE US MAY BE SLIPPING AWAY, EXPERTS SAY
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A satellite image shows an oil terminal at Kharg Island, Iran, Feb. 25, 2026.(2026 Planet Labs PBC/Handout via Reuters)
Military planners have long viewed Iran’s anti-access strategy as one of the most sophisticated in the Middle East. Rather than matching the U.S. Navy ship for ship, Tehran has invested heavily in asymmetric weapons intended to make any amphibious assault costly.
Harward, a former member of the National Security Council and current member of the Jewish Institute for National Security of America’s Iran Policy Project, acknowledged that once American forces were on Kharg, the primary danger would shift from conventional naval combat to missile and drone attacks launched from the nearby mainland.
“Iran doesn’t really have air power,” Harward said. “The concern is whether they launch missiles and drones at the island with U.S. forces on the ground. That’s the biggest risk.”
Harward said the viability of the operation would ultimately depend on intelligence about the number and disposition of Iranian forces, whether they had prepared booby traps or improvised explosive devices, and how Tehran might respond once American troops were ashore.
Still, he argued, such retaliation would come at a price for Tehran.
“If they start striking Kharg itself, they become accountable for damaging their own economic lifeline,” he said.
The challenge illustrates the distinction between tactical success and strategic success. Seizing an eight-square-mile island is one military problem. Defending it against sustained attacks only a short distance from Iranian territory is another.
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The Port of Kharg Island Oil Terminal, 25 km from the Iranian coast in the Persian Gulf and 483 km northwest of the Strait of Hormuz, in Iran on March 12, 2017.(Fatemeh Bahrami/Anadolu Agency/Getty Images)
Harward suggested Washington still has several options short of launching an amphibious assault.
With the U.S.-led blockade, reinforced Tuesday, already constraining Iran’s oil exports, he argued that additional economic pressure could target overland transportation routes, border crossings and air traffic instead of committing ground troops.
“There is still a lot you could do to enhance the economic challenges to Iran,” Harward said. “Synchronizing military, economic and political pressure is really the strategy.”
Some strategists have also questioned whether Kharg is the most valuable military objective.
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https://www.foxnews.com/video/6398155039112
Mark Fox, a retired vice admiral and a former commander of the 5th Fleet, previously told Fox News Digital that Kharg is fundamentally an oil terminal rather than a military fortress. Instead, he argued, smaller islands such as Greater Tunb, Lesser Tunb and Abu Musa — disputed islands near the Strait of Hormuz — could present more manageable military objectives while creating a significant strategic dilemma for Tehran because of their location along one of the world’s most important shipping lanes.
For Harward, however, the larger question extends beyond any single island.
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Export oil pipelines are seen at an oil facility on Kharg Island, on the shore of the Gulf, Feb. 23, 2016.(Str/AFP Via Getty Images)
“I think the only real end state to ensure long-term stability and security in the region is a government of Iran that renounces the Islamic Revolution and focuses on the Iranian people,” he said. That would require ending Tehran’s nuclear ambitions, halting support for proxy groups, protecting freedom of navigation through the Strait of Hormuz and ending the regime’s domestic repression.
Whether Washington ever decides to seize Kharg, military planners agree on one point: Capturing Iran’s economic lifeline would likely be measured in hours, but successfully holding it — and managing the regional escalation that could follow — would be a far longer and more complex campaign.
Efrat (Effie) Lachter is an investigative journalist, filmmaker and war correspondent. She has directed and produced over 200 documentary segments across more than 40 countries. Recipient of the 2022 Peres Center for Peace Award, Lachter is also a 2023-24 Knight-Wallace Journalism Fellow at the University of Michigan. She holds a bachelor’s degree in communication and a master’s degree in political science.