2026-08-07T17:09:38.351Z / 路透社
2026年1月21日，在美国华盛顿，美国联邦储备委员会理事丽莎·库克在律师阿贝·洛厄尔陪同下，在美国最高法院外旁听大法官审议特朗普罢免她的诉讼。路透社/内森·霍华德/资料照片
- 摘要
- 路透社看到的信件显示，白宫给库克三周时间回应抵押贷款欺诈指控
- 库克的律师称指控毫无根据，称不存在合法的罢免理由
- 最高法院今年6月以5票对4票的裁决驳回了特朗普罢免库克的企图
8月7日（路透社）——据路透社看到的一封信件显示，美国总统唐纳德·特朗普正在重启罢免联邦储备委员会理事丽莎·库克的行动，尽管美国最高法院今年6月在他早些时候罢免库克的尝试中给予了重大打击，但他仍在持续攻击央行的独立性。
白宫在本周的一封信中告知库克，总统“正在考虑”将她解职，并要求她在三周内回应未被证实的抵押贷款欺诈指控——库克的律师称这些指控“毫无根据”。
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对库克的抨击是特朗普本周第二次重启此前被最高法院驳回的行动。本周早些时候，在最高法院否决了他此前限制出生公民权的尝试后，特朗普又发布了另一项试图限制出生公民权的行政令。
这封由副幕僚长丹·斯卡维诺签署、最先由美国广播公司新闻网报道的信件，指控库克犯下可判处最高30年监禁的罪行，称她的行为构成过失，让人质疑她作为美联储理事的可信度。
库克的律师在一份声明中表示，“不存在合法理由”将库克解职。
“我们将像之前一样，挑战这一最新借口，维护她的职位以及美联储的历史性职责，”律师阿贝·D·洛厄尔说道。
美联储和白宫均未置评。
特朗普去年曾以抵押贷款欺诈为由试图罢免库克——这位首位担任美联储理事的黑人女性。库克否认了相关指控，称这些是为了因货币政策分歧而罢免她的借口。
美国最高法院6月拒绝批准罢免库克，坚定维护了央行备受珍视的独立性，对抗这位共和党总统前所未有的挑战。
特朗普曾多次威胁罢免前美联储主席杰罗姆·鲍威尔，因其拒绝遵从总统要求降息的指令。
特朗普亲自挑选的鲍威尔继任者凯文·沃什于5月接任。自那以来，特朗普将批评矛头转向了美联储理事会的其他成员，其中多数是由特朗普的前任、民主党人乔·拜登任命的，同时他表示不会批评沃什，因为后者尚未实现特朗普期望的降息。
有因解雇 vs 随意解雇
最高法院以5票对4票的裁决暂时阻止了特朗普罢免库克，专门为美联储提供了一道保障。
自1913年美联储成立以来，没有任何一位总统试图罢免过美联储理事。
撰写该最高法院裁决书的保守派首席大法官约翰·罗伯茨表示，特朗普“未能为库克提供法律规定的正当程序保护。没有这些保护，她就无法恰当地反驳总统对她提出的指控”。
尽管该裁决明确保护美联储官员免受总统随意解雇，但法院表示，其裁决并未就本案中的事实争议的有效性作出判定。此后该案已被发回下级法院审理。
“至少仍存在一个悬而未决的问题：这里究竟发生了什么，以及库克是否确实犯下了‘重大过失’，更不用说总统信件中指控的‘欺骗性且可能构成犯罪的行为’了，”罗伯茨写道。
刑事移送
斯卡维诺写给库克的信件重新提及了联邦住房金融局局长威廉·普尔泰去年提出的未被证实的抵押贷款欺诈指控，普尔泰去年曾要求司法部对库克等人展开抵押贷款欺诈相关的刑事调查。
目前没有迹象表明任何此类刑事调查正在推进，路透社去年的报道显示，库克在涉事一处房产的贷款申请中将其列为度假物业。路透社后续报道称，密歇根州当地税务部门表示，库克并未违反将该处房产申报为主要居所的税收减免规定。
美国地区法官贾·科布去年9月裁定，特朗普未经通知或听证就试图罢免库克，很可能违反了美国宪法第五修正案赋予她的正当程序权利。
科布还表示，根据《联邦储备法》，这些指控在法律上可能不足以罢免库克，因为相关行为发生在她就任该职位之前。
罗伯茨在裁决中并未认可这一有因解雇标准，但表示即便如此，解雇美联储理事所需达到的标准也必须是“实质性门槛”，库克必须能够回应针对她的指控。
本报华盛顿分社胡梅拉·帕穆克、多伦多分社瑞安·帕特里克·琼斯报道；巴尔加夫·阿查里亚补充报道；米歇尔·尼科尔斯和戴维·加芬编辑
Trump renews effort to fire Fed’s Cook, continuing attacks on central bank
2026-08-07T17:09:38.351Z / Reuters
Federal Reserve Governor Lisa Cook, accompanied by lawyer Abbe Lowell, looks on outside the U.S. Supreme Court, as Supreme Court justices consider U.S. President Donald Trump’s effort to fire her, in Washington, D.C., U.S., January 21, 2026. REUTERS/Nathan Howard/ File Photo
- Summary
- White House gives Cook three weeks to answer mortgage fraud allegations in letter seen by Reuters
- Cook’s lawyer calls allegations baseless, saying there is no valid cause for removal
- Supreme Court blocked Trump’s effort to remove Cook in June in a 5-4 ruling
Aug 7 (Reuters) – U.S. President Donald Trump is renewing his effort to fire Federal Reserve Governor Lisa Cook, keeping alive his assault on the central bank’s independence even after the U.S. Supreme Court in June dealt him a significant setback in his bid to remove her earlier this year, according to a letter seen by Reuters.
The White House told Cook in a letter this week that the president was “considering” removing her from her role and demanded she respond to unproven mortgage fraud allegations within three weeks — allegations her attorney called “baseless.”
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The salvo against Cook is the second time this week Trump has restarted an effort to take actions that the Supreme Court blocked earlier this year. Trump earlier this week also issued another order attempting to limit birthright citizenship after the high court ruled against his previous effort to limit who is automatically considered a U.S. citizen.
The letter to Cook, signed by Deputy Chief of Staff Dan Scavino and first reported by ABC News, alleged that she committed crimes that could be punishable by up to 30 years in prison and that her conduct constituted negligence that called into question her trustworthiness as a Fed governor.
In a statement, Cook’s lawyer said “there is no valid cause” for removing Cook from her position.
“As we did before, we will challenge this latest pretext and preserve her position and the historic role of the Fed,” attorney Abbe D. Lowell said.
The Federal Reserve and White House had no comment.
Trump last year cited mortgage fraud in trying to fire Cook, the first Black woman to serve as a Fed governor. Cook denied the allegations, calling them a pretext to remove her for monetary policy differences.
The U.S. Supreme Court refused in June to allow the firing, standing firm to preserve the central bank’s cherished independence against the Republican president’s unprecedented challenge.
Trump repeatedly threatened to fire former Fed Chair Jerome Powell for refusing to bow to the president’s demands that he lower interest rates.
His hand-picked successor to Powell, Kevin Warsh, took the reins in May. Since then, Trump has redirected his criticisms at other members of the Fed board, a majority of whom were appointed by Trump’s predecessor, Democrat Joe Biden, while saying he will not be criticizing Warsh, who has not as yet delivered Trump’s wished-for rate cuts.
FOR CAUSE VS AT WILL
The Supreme Court’s 5-4 ruling blocked Trump from removing Cook for now, providing a safeguard for the Fed specifically.
No other president since the central bank’s founding in 1913 had sought to oust a Fed governor.
Conservative Chief Justice John Roberts, who authored the high court ruling, said Trump had “failed to afford Cook the procedural protections to which she was entitled by statute. Without such protections, she could not properly dispute the charges the president laid against her.”
While the ruling definitively protects Fed officials from being fired at will by a president, the court said its ruling was not deciding the validity of the factual dispute in the case. It has since returned the case to lower courts.
“It at least remains an open question what precisely happened here, and indeed whether Cook committed ‘gross negligence,’ let alone ‘deceitful and potentially criminal conduct,’ as the president’s letter alleges,” Roberts wrote.
CRIMINAL REFERRAL
The Scavino letter to Cook resurfaces unproven allegations of mortgage fraud made last year by Federal Housing Finance Agency Director William Pulte, who asked the Justice Department last year to open a criminal investigation into Cook and others over alleged mortgage fraud.
There has been no indication of any such criminal investigation moving forward, and a Reuters report last year showed Cook in submissions to the lender for one of the homes at issue had listed it as a vacation property. Reuters subsequently reported the local tax authority in Michigan said Cook had not broken rules for tax breaks on a home there that Cook declared her primary residence.
U.S. District Judge Jia Cobb in September ruled that Trump’s attempt to remove Cook without notice or a hearing likely violated her right to due process under the U.S. Constitution’s Fifth Amendment.
Cobb also said the allegations likely were not legally sufficient to remove Cook under the Federal Reserve Act as they relate to conduct that occurred before she served in the post.
Roberts, in his ruling, did not agree with that standard for cause but said nonetheless the standard to meet for dismissal of a Fed governor would need to be a “substantial threshold,” and that Cook must be able to respond to the charges against her.
Reporting by Humeyra Pamuk in Washington and Ryan Patrick Jones in Toronto; additional reporting by Bhargav Acharya; editing by Michelle Nichols and David Gaffen
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