2026年8月21日 下午6:07 UTC / 路透社
路透社报道
2026年8月21日 下午6:07 UTC 1小时前更新
8月21日（路透社）——美国政府周五敲定一项计划，将削减加利福尼亚州、内华达州和亚利桑那州的供水，以应对遭受干旱打击的科罗拉多河。
根据美国内政部长道格·伯根签署的这项计划，这三个所谓的下游盆地州在2027年和2028年的河流水供应量将减少约21%，但未来几年的潜在削减幅度可能几乎翻倍。
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亚利桑那州和内华达州曾表示，任何在2028年后将削减幅度翻倍的计划都将摧毁当地经济。亚利桑那州威胁称，如果联邦政府将这些潜在削减措施纳入新的十年计划，该州将起诉联邦政府。
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科罗拉多州、犹他州、新墨西哥州和怀俄明州这几个上游盆地州，在该计划下无需承担强制性减水任务。科罗拉多河为十分之一的美国人提供供水，灌溉着美国15%的粮食生产用地，并为七个州的600万人提供电力。
在七个州历时三年的谈判失败后，上游盆地州拒绝承担减水任务，辩称由于美国西部遭遇严重干旱，他们的供水已经面临自动削减。
根据下游盆地州5月提出的提案，这三个州的年度水资源配额将在2027年和2028年合计减少160万英亩英尺。
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此次削减包括每年125万英亩英尺的强制性减水，以及三个州达成的协议：在两年内节约70万英亩英尺，使这两年的总节水量达到320万英亩英尺。
然而，在最初的两年运营期结束后，如果为维持关键水库水位需要，这三个州的年度强制性减水量可能几乎翻倍至每年300万英亩英尺。
针对这些潜在削减措施的任何诉讼都可能导致更长时间的不确定性。
“但这只是一座桥梁，而非永久解决方案，”加利福尼亚州科罗拉多河事务专员JB·汉比在一份声明中表示。“加利福尼亚、亚利桑那和内华达州已经证明，当科罗拉多河需要时，各州可以妥协、做出艰难决策并减少用水。但三个州无法承担所有七个州的责任。”
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US finalizes deep Colorado River water cuts to California, Nevada and Arizona
2026-08-21 6:07 PM UTC / Reuters
By Reuters
August 21, 2026 6:07 PM UTC Updated 1 hour ago
An aerial view shows the Colorado river, in Mesa Verde, California, U.S., September 19, 2022. REUTERS/Aude Guerrucci Purchase Licensing Rights, opens new tab
Aug 21 (Reuters) – The U.S. government on Friday finalized a plan to slash water supplies to California, Nevada and Arizona to manage the drought-stricken Colorado River.
The three so-called lower basin states will take around a 21 percent reduction in water from the river in 2027 and 2028, but potential cuts could nearly double in following years, according to the plan signed by Interior Secretary Doug Burgum.
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Arizona and Nevada have said any plan to double the cuts after 2028 would devastate their economies. Arizona has threatened to sue the federal government if it imposed these potential cuts as part of the new 10-year plan.
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Colorado, Utah, New Mexico and Wyoming, the upper basin states, face no mandatory cuts under the plan. The Colorado River provides water to one in 10 Americans, irrigates land producing 15% of U.S. food output and generates power for 6 million people in seven states.
In three years of failed negotiations between the seven states, upper basin states refused to take cuts, arguing they face automatic cuts in water supply due to the severe drought impacting the U.S. West.
In line with a May 1 proposal made by the lower basin states, their water allocation will be reduced by a combined 1.6 million acre feet per year in both 2027 and 2028.
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The reductions consist of 1.25 MAF per year in mandatory cuts and an agreement by the three states to conserve 700,000 MAF over the two years to reach combined water savings in the two-year period of 3.2 MAF.
However, annual mandatory cuts to the three states could almost double to 3.0 MAF per year if needed to maintain critical reservoir levels following the first two-year operating period.
Any lawsuits over those potential cuts could mean more years of uncertainty.
“But this is a bridge, not a permanent solution,” JB Hamby, Colorado River Commissioner for California, said in a statement. “California, Arizona, and Nevada have shown that states can compromise, make difficult decisions, and reduce water use when the river demands it. But three states cannot carry the responsibility of all seven.”
Reporting by Nichola Groom in Los Angeles and Andrew Hay in New Mexico; Editing by David Gregorio
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