2026年8月7日 / 美国东部时间上午8:14 / 哥伦比亚广播公司新闻
作者：梅根·塞鲁洛 《金钱观察》栏目记者
马萨诸塞州联邦参议员伊丽莎白·沃伦正敦促那些有权获得非法美国关税退款的企业，将其收回的款项直接返还给消费者。
这位马萨诸塞州民主党参议员于周五致信苹果、亚马逊、劲量、摩托罗拉、耐克、塔吉特和沃尔玛，要求这些企业提供有关其根据《国际紧急经济权力法》（IEEPA）缴纳的进口关税所获得退款规模的信息。今年2月，美国最高法院裁定这些关税无效，理由是特朗普总统无权征收此类关税。
沃伦还敦促这些企业将退款返还给消费者，她在信中表示，消费者“在关税实施期间为你们的产品支付了更高的价格”。
根据本周提交给法院的文件，美国政府已经向企业退还了超过1000亿美元的《国际紧急经济权力法》关税，约占其应退还进口商金额的60%。但沃伦表示，许多消费者曾以更高价格的形式承担了部分进口关税成本，却并未获得类似的救济。
“进口商将关税成本转嫁给了美国消费者和小企业——有估计显示，美国家庭最终将承担95%的关税成本，”她援引国会预算办公室的数据写道。
“但美国家庭对于他们此前支付的涨价部分却没有任何追索权，”她补充道。
沃伦要求这些企业披露其已缴纳的违宪《国际紧急经济权力法》关税金额、已收到或预计将收到的退款金额，以及他们计划如何使用这笔资金。
沃伦点名的这些企业均未立即回应置评请求。
退款可能不会给到“实际付款人”
从大型零售商到小企业，有数万家企业正在申领《国际紧急经济权力法》关税退款。例如，亚马逊表示其已收到6亿美元的关税退款。
沃伦称，苹果公司第三季度财报显示其获得了22亿美元的关税退款，而该公司今年提高了iPhone和MacBook产品的售价。
“你们以关税退款的形式获得了巨额现金注入，而那些因关税名义抬高产品价格而多付钱的苹果客户，理应知晓这笔资金将如何使用，”沃伦在致苹果首席执行官蒂姆·库克的信中说道。
贸易合规专家、风险咨询公司Kroll贸易与海关业务联合负责人尼克·贝克表示，《国际紧急经济权力法》的退款仅支付给缴纳关税的进口商，消费者几乎没有追索途径。
“因此，一旦获得退款，这笔钱可能不会给到实际付款的消费者手中，”他说，“这正是许多消费者的不满之处。他们眼睁睁看着价格波动上涨，而一些零售商称涨价部分原因在于关税。”
这一情况引发了消费者针对企业的集体诉讼浪潮，要求企业退还关税附加费。
耐克的消费者已起诉这家运动用品公司，要求追回他们因产品涨价而多付的费用，指控该公司“有望两次收回同一笔关税付款——一次通过抬高价格从消费者手中获取，另一次通过关税退款从联邦政府获得”。
返还资金
部分企业已承诺将从联邦政府获得的任何退款返还给消费者。其他企业则坚称他们自行承担了关税成本。
亚马逊表示，仅在“有限情形下”会自动向部分消费者退款。
“在我们确实因关税出现成本上涨的情况下，我们大多自行承担了这些成本，而非转嫁给消费者，”该公司首席财务官布莱恩·奥尔萨夫斯基在7月30日的公司第二季度财报电话会议上说道。
其他获得大额关税退款的大型企业已承诺将部分资金与消费者分享。例如，联邦快递已上线《国际紧急经济权力法》关税退款门户网站，客户可在此追踪货运情况，确认是否有资格从托运方处获得退款。
联合包裹服务公司（UPS）也承诺在符合条件时自动向消费者退款。
“UPS表示退款将自动发放，我们会将款项退还至原支付方式。无需消费者采取任何行动，”纽约法学院国际法律中心联合主任巴里·阿普尔顿告诉哥伦比亚广播公司新闻。
摩根·路易斯律师事务所国际贸易与国家安全业务负责人凯特琳·希弗蒂告诉哥伦比亚广播公司新闻，在大多数情况下，是否与消费者分享关税退款由企业自行决定。
“此类诉讼中部分固有的难点在于，许多相关信息并未公开。因此你无法得知某家企业是否获得了退款，且除非关税被明确列为一项费用明细，否则你无法知晓企业涨价的原因，”她说，“目前尚不清楚这类诉讼的胜诉概率有多高。”
Warren presses U.S. companies to share billions in tariff refunds with customers
August 7, 2026 / 8:14 AM EDT / CBS News
By Megan Cerullo Reporter, MoneyWatch
Sen. Elizabeth Warren is pressing companies entitled to refunds for illegal U.S. tariffs to return the money they are recouping directly to consumers.
Warren, a Democrat from Massachusetts, on Friday sent letters to Apple, Amazon, Energizer, Motorola, Nike, Target and Walmart seeking information about the size of the refunds they are receiving for import duties the companies paid under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA). In February, the Supreme Court ruled the tariffs were invalid because President Trump lacked the authority to impose them.
Warren also urged the companies to pass the refunds to consumers, saying in the letter that customers “paid higher prices for your products while the tariffs were in place.”
The U.S. government has refunded more than $100 billion in IEEPA tariffs to businesses, or about 60% of what it owes importers, according to a court filing this week. Yet many consumers, who footed some of the bill for those import duties in the form of higher prices, aren’t seeing similar relief, according to Warren.
“Importers pushed the costs of tariffs onto American consumers and small businesses — with estimates showing that American families will have ended up paying 95% of the tariffs,” she wrote, citing data from the Congressional Budget Office.
“But American families have no recourse for the increased prices they paid,” she added.
Warren is asking the companies to disclose how much they have paid in unconstitutional IEEPA tariffs, the amounts of any refunds they have received or expect to receive, and how they plan to spend the money.
None of the companies singled out by Warren immediately responded to a request for comment.
Refunds might not go to “who paid it”
Thousands of companies, from giant retailers to small businesses, are collecting IEEPA tariff refunds. Amazon, for example, said it has received $600 million in refunds for the levies.
Apple received a $2.2 billion tariff refund, according to its third-quarter earnings report, Warren said, noting that the company raised prices on its iPhone and MacBook products this year.
“You have received an astronomical cash infusion in the form of a tariff refund, and Apple customers who paid increased prices for your products, ostensibly due to tariffs, deserve to know how that money will be spent,” Warren said in her letter to Apple CEO Tim Cook.
Nick Baker, a trade compliance expert and co-lead of trade and customs at risk advisory firm Kroll, said that IEEPA refunds go only to the importer that paid them, leaving consumers with little recourse.
“So if and when there is a refund, it might not get to the person who paid it,” he said. “Which is the gripe of a lot of consumers. They have seen prices fluctuate and go up, with some retailers saying it’s in part due to tariffs.”
That’s leading to a wave of class-action lawsuits from consumers suing corporations for refunds of the tariff surcharges.
Nike customers have sued the sportswear company to recoup some of what they paid due to higher prices, alleging that the company “stands to recover the same tariff payments twice — once from consumers through higher prices and again from the federal government through tariff refunds.”
Sharing the money
Some companies have pledged to return any refunds they receive from the federal government to consumers. Other businesses insist they absorbed the cost of tariffs themselves.
Amazon said it would automatically reimburse some customers only under a “limited set of circumstances.”
“In cases where we did see an increase in costs due to tariffs, we largely absorbed those costs rather than pass them on to customers,” the company’s chief financial officer, Brian Olsavsky, said during the company’s second-quarter earnings call on July 30.
Other big companies that received sizable tariff refunds have vowed to share part of the money with customers. For example, FedEx has launched an IEEPA tariff refund portal where customers can track shipments to determine whether they’re eligible for a refund from the shipper.
UPS also pledged to automatically refund customers when applicable.
“UPS says refunds are automatic, and we’ll issue it to the original payment method. No customer action is required,” Barry Appleton, co-director of the Center for International Law at New York Law School, told CBS News.
Katelyn Hifferty, leader of Morgan Lewis’ international trade and national security practice, told CBS News that in most cases it’s up to the company whether to share tariff refunds with customers.
“Part of what’s inherently difficult in some of these suits is that a lot of this information is not public. So you don’t know if this company obtained a refund or not, and unless the tariffs were explicitly listed as a line item, you don’t know why the company raised prices,” she said. “Right now, it’s a little unclear what the chances of success are.”