这场争端的核心是：面临递解出境的外籍罪犯在羁押旷日持久时，是否有权获得保释听证会
2026年9月25日 美国东部时间上午9:40 / 福克斯新闻
作者：伊莱恩·马伦，福克斯新闻
查德·米泽尔认为，允许在羁押数月后举行保释听证会，会助长拖延战术，并增加外籍罪犯潜逃的风险。
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特朗普政府正在请求最高法院重启一场重大移民争端，围绕的问题是：外籍罪犯在递解出境程序期间是否可以被无限期羁押，或是在羁押时间过长时有权获得听证会。
美国司法部副部长约翰·绍尔于周一向最高法院提起诉讼，请求受理杰纳洛诉哥伦比亚特区案，重启原定于本届最高法院任期内审理的杰纳洛诉布莱克案，但纽约州民主党州长凯西·霍楚尔的赦免令使得原案失去争议意义。
争端的核心人物是哥伦比亚特区的一名多米尼加国民，他因有贩毒和家庭暴力等犯罪记录，正面临递解出境。据美国移民及海关执法局（ICE）透露，他此前曾6次被美国驱逐出境。
联邦法律要求部分外籍罪犯在递解案件审理期间必须继续羁押。但美国第二巡回上诉法院裁定，如果羁押时间过长，他们有权获得保释听证会，届时政府必须举证证明继续羁押的合理性。
蓝州州长赦免重刑犯，推翻最高法院重大移民诉讼
2025年6月26日，纽约联邦广场法院内，移民与海关执法局特工在法律程序结束后拘留了数十名移民。此次逮捕遭到移民权利倡导者的批评。（洛克曼·乌拉尔·埃利博尔/安纳多卢通讯社通过盖蒂图片社拍摄）
其他上诉法院采取了不同的裁决标准，这使得最高法院在适用何种宪法保护条款上出现了全国性的意见分歧。
“因此，这些被羁押的外籍罪犯是否有权获得保释听证会，完全取决于他们所在的司法辖区，”佛罗里达州立大学法学教授迈克尔·莫利告诉福克斯新闻数字频道，“因此，政府请求最高法院为全国制定统一的司法解释。”
特朗普政府的请愿书在程序上较为特殊，因为杰纳洛诉哥伦比亚特区案仍在第二巡回上诉法院审理中。绍尔请求最高法院在上诉法院作出裁决前介入此案。
“与其让法院走完所有程序，不如现在就直接审理此案，即便第二巡回上诉法院还未作出裁决，”莫利告诉福克斯新闻数字频道。
这场法律争端还可能决定保释听证会所需的举证责任归属。
根据第二巡回上诉法院的做法，政府必须证明被羁押者有潜逃风险或对社区构成危险。特朗普政府则主张，如果宪法要求此类听证会，那么举证责任应转移到寻求保释的被羁押者身上。
支持政府立场的律师认为，部分被羁押者可能会拖延递解程序，随后利用羁押时长申请保释。
“这里最大的问题是博弈策略，”美国优先政策研究所诉讼主席、前代理副司法部长查德·米泽尔告诉福克斯新闻数字频道。
“这些外籍罪犯往往会提交多份庇护申请、递解驳回申请，更换律师，申请延期审理，”米泽尔说，“结果就是他们的羁押时间达到了6、7、8个月，而这完全是他们自己造成的。”
联邦上诉法院重创特朗普驱逐计划
2025年2月26日，提名为司法部副部长的D·约翰·绍尔在狄克逊大楼参加参议院司法委员会的确认听证会。（汤姆·威廉姆斯/CQ罗尔呼叫公司通过盖蒂图片社拍摄）
米泽尔辩称，如果羁押时间过长就能让被羁押者获得保释申请权，这会 incentivize 他们拉长诉讼程序，直至达到这一节点。
“他们会更换律师，就庇护、递解驳回提交毫无意义的文件，一再申请延期，”米泽尔说，“他们会竭尽所能拖延诉讼，拖上6个月、7个月、8个月，随后提交人身保护令请愿书，声称自己有权获得保释听证会，一旦获释便潜逃。”
司法危机网络主席凯莉·塞维里诺同样将此类额外诉讼描述为“故意拖延、阻碍程序的行为”。
“这本质上就是试图拖延时间、耗尽流程，或者说，问题的关键在于是否存在所谓的‘时间限制’，”塞维里诺告诉福克斯新闻数字频道。
她援引了德莫尔诉金案等判例，在这些案件中，被羁押者先是在庭审过程中请求延长时间，随后又质疑羁押时长。
奥巴马、拜登任命法官遭新抨击，特朗普移民法院争端升级：“几乎不可能”
联邦特工在移民与海关执法局加强移民法庭听证会后续执法期间，对移民进行强制登记检查。特朗普政府已下令将每日羁押移民人数增至3000人。（迈克尔·M·圣地亚哥）
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“这种情况往往是当事人两头得利，”塞维里诺说，“他们一方面要求就各项事宜获得更多时间，另一方面又抱怨整个流程耗时过长。”
不过，塞维里诺也表示，她无法评论每一名被羁押者的动机。
最高法院此前曾支持递解程序期间的强制羁押，但莫利表示，最高法院此前并未明确裁定本次政府请愿书中涉及的宪法问题。
“可以说，最高法院特意留待未来案件裁决这一问题，”莫利说。
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现在，政府正请求大法官们不要再等待后续案件。
“你们曾希望解决这一案件，现在就有另一起完全相同的案件，可以让你们在本届任期内解决巡回法院的意见分歧，”莫利说，“本质上就是用这起案件替代已经失去争议的原案。”
福克斯新闻数字频道已联系司法部请求置评。
伊莱恩·马伦是福克斯新闻数字频道和福克斯商业频道的记者，报道全国政治新闻。
Trump revives Supreme Court immigration showdown after Hochul pardon torpedoed first case
The dispute centers on whether criminal aliens facing deportation are entitled to bond hearings when custody drags on
September 25, 2026 9:40am EDT / Fox News
By Elaine Mallon, Fox News
Chad Mizelle argues that allowing bond hearings after several months of detention would incentivize delay tactics and increase the risk that criminal migrants abscond.
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The Trump administration is asking the Supreme Court to revive a major immigration fight over whether criminal aliens can be held without bond throughout removal proceedings or are entitled to a hearing when their detention drags on.
Solicitor General John Sauer asked the Supreme Court on Monday to take up Genalo v. D.C., reviving a constitutional fight the justices had been set to hear this term in Genalo v. Black before New York Democratic Gov. Kathy Hochul’s pardon rendered that case moot.
At the center of the dispute is D.C., a Dominican national who is facing removal after a criminal history that includes drug trafficking and domestic violence charges. He had previously been removed from the United States on six occasions, according to ICE.
Federal law requires certain criminal aliens to remain in custody while their deportation cases play out. But the Second Circuit has ruled that if they are detained for too long, they are entitled to a bond hearing at which the government must make the case for keeping them in custody.
BLUE STATE GOVERNOR’S PARDON OF CONVICTED FELON TORPEDOS A MAJOR SUPREME COURT IMMIGRATION FIGHT
ICE agents detain dozens of immigrants inside the Federal Plaza courthouse in New York City on June 26 following legal proceedings. The arrests drew criticism from immigrant rights advocates.(Lokman Vural Elibol/Anadolu via Getty Images)
Other appeals courts have taken different approaches, leaving the Supreme Court with a nationwide split over what constitutional protections apply.
“So the rights of these criminal aliens who were being detained, whether or not they’re entitled to a bond hearing as of right now depends on which jurisdiction they happen to fall in,” Michael Morley, a Florida State University law professor, told Fox News Digital. “And so the government is asking the Supreme Court to set one uniform interpretation for the entire country.”
The Trump administration’s petition is procedurally unusual because Genalo v. D.C. is still pending before the Second Circuit. Sauer is asking the Supreme Court to intervene before the appeals court issues its decision.
“Rather than making the court go through those motions, you just hear this case now, hear this case directly, even before the Second Circuit has had the opportunity to rule,” Morley told Fox News Digital.
The legal dispute could also determine who carries the burden when a bond hearing is required.
Under the Second Circuit’s approach, the government must show that a detainee poses a flight risk or danger to the community. The administration argued that if the Constitution requires such hearings, the burden should instead fall on the detainee seeking release.
Lawyers supporting the administration argue that some detainees could delay their removal cases, then use the length of their detention to seek release on bond.
“The biggest issue that happens here is gamemanship,” Chad Mizelle, chair of litigation at the America First Policy Institute and a former acting associate attorney general, told Fox News Digital.
“A lot of times these aliens will file multiple applications for asylum, withholding removal. They’ll get new attorneys, switch out attorneys, ask for continuances, ask for delays,” Mizelle said. “So all of a sudden they’ve been in detention now, six, seven, eight months, completely of their own making.”
FEDERAL APPEALS COURT DEALS BLOW TO TRUMP DEPORTATION AGENDA
D. John Sauer, nominee to be solicitor general, testifies during his Senate Judiciary Committee confirmation hearing in the Dirksen Building on Feb. 26, 2025.(Tom Williams/CQ-Roll Call, Inc. via Getty Images)
Mizelle argued that if prolonged detention eventually gives a detainee the right to seek bond, it could create an incentive to stretch proceedings long enough to reach that point.
“They would switch out attorneys. They would make frivolous filings regarding asylum, regarding withholding of removal. They would ask for delays and continuances upon delays and continuances,” Mizelle said. “They’ll do everything they can to try to stretch this out, six months, seven months, eight months, file a habeas petition, say that they’re entitled to a bond hearing, and then if they are released, abscond.”
Carrie Severino, president of the Judicial Crisis Network, similarly described the additional litigation as “a foot dragging, sand in the gears exercise.”
“This is attempting to stall, attempting to run out the clock or just, you know, the question is whether there even is a clock,” Severino told Fox News Digital.
She pointed to cases such as Demore v. Kim, in which detainees themselves sought additional time during proceedings before later challenging the length of their detention.
OBAMA, BIDEN JUDGES DRAW FRESH FIRE AS TRUMP’S IMMIGRATION COURT CLASHES HEAT UP: ‘ALMOST IMPOSSIBLE’
Federal agents arrest immigrants during mandatory check-ins as ICE ramps up enforcement following immigration court hearings. The Trump administration has ordered officials to increase detentions to 3,000 migrants a day.(Michael M. Santiago)
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“So, it’s often a situation where people are playing both sides of it,” Severino said. “But they’re asking for more time on different things, but then at the same time complaining that the whole process is taking too long.”
However, Severino cautioned that she could not speak to the motivations of every detainee.
The Supreme Court has previously upheld mandatory detention during removal proceedings, but Morley said the high court has left open the constitutional question now at the center of the administration’s petition.
“This is a question that the Supreme Court itself went out of its way, you can say, to leave open for adjudication in a future case,” Morley said.
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The administration is now asking the justices not to wait for another one.
“You wanted to resolve this case. Here’s another case that presents the same exact question that lets you resolve the circuit split this term,” Morley said. “So basically, substitute this case for the moot case.”
Fox News Digital reached out to the Justice Department for comment.
Elaine Mallon is a writer for Fox News Digital and Fox Business covering national politics.