2026-09-29 02:26:03 EDT / 哥伦比亚广播公司/美联社
华盛顿讯——在美加两国关系本已紧张之际，美国于周二早些时候正式实施一项禁令，对价值近10亿美元的加拿大进口商品加以限制，其中包括酒类饮品、乳制品和摩托车。这一举措可能会让两国关系进一步恶化。
此次禁令涉及的商品价值，在美加这两个北美邻国每年8800亿美元的双边贸易总额中仅占极小比例，但这标志着特朗普总统第二任期内针对美国长期盟友及贸易伙伴的贸易战再次升级。
“这显然无助于缓解美加之间的贸易紧张局势，”贸易律师帕特里克·奇尔德里斯说道。他是荷兰肯特律师事务所的合伙人，也曾担任美国贸易官员。
这场最新的争端始于今年夏季。当时特朗普援引《大萧条时期法案》，对价值约200亿美元的加拿大进口商品征收50%的关税，指责加拿大歧视美国的乳制品、汽车和酒类生产商。加拿大随即展开反制，对等值的美国进口商品分别征收15%、25%或50%的关税。
为惩罚加拿大对其关税措施进行反制，特朗普决定禁止一批加拿大商品进口，禁令于美国东部时间周二凌晨12点01分正式生效。
此次禁令的经济影响预计将微乎其微。奇尔德里斯指出，被列入禁令清单的商品此前已被征收特朗普政府的关税。“对其中许多商品而言，50%的关税已经让从加拿大进口至美国变得无利可图，实际上相当于一道禁令，”他说道。
中右翼智库美国行动论坛的贸易政策主任雅各布·延森根据2025年的数据计算，此次禁令涵盖的加拿大进口商品价值达9.67亿美元。其中87%为酒类饮品，美国之所以将这些商品列为目标，是因为加拿大部分省份针对特朗普的挑衅举措，将美国酒类从当地商店货架下架。
受禁令影响的酒类包括啤酒、多种烈酒、起泡葡萄酒、白兰地和清酒。
被禁商品还包括部分乳制品，其中包括乳清这种牛奶副产品。长期以来，两国在加拿大的乳制品贸易问题上一直存在争执：加拿大通过对超出配额的乳制品进口征收高额关税，来保护本国乳制品行业免受外国竞争冲击。
此次禁令还涉及摩托车。魁北克的庞巴迪休闲动力公司（BRP）证实，其生产的三轮庞巴迪Spyder和Canyon摩托车“将被禁止进口至美国”。但该公司表示，由于当前生产季的大部分产品已完成生产和发货，相关影响可能要到明年才会显现。
“这标志着贸易战再次升级，可能会引发加拿大方面进一步的反制措施，”延森说道。他预计，受到这些禁令影响的加拿大出口商和美国进口商“积极性会非常高”，会敦促两国贸易官员设法找到办法，“彻底解决这场争端”。
这一僵局给《美墨加协定》的续约进程蒙上了阴影。这份北美贸易协定是特朗普在第一任期内施压美国周边国家达成的，他曾宣称该协定是“我国历史上最现代化、最与时俱进且最平衡的贸易协定”。
该协定允许大多数商品在北美边境免税流通。但自去年重返白宫以来，特朗普已宣布一系列关税措施，给本地区的贸易未来蒙上了阴影。
特朗普将大部分怒火对准了加拿大。他公开试图将加拿大制造业转移至美国本土，还多次暗示加拿大应成为美国的第51个州，这一言论激化了加拿大国内的舆论情绪。
加拿大总理马克·卡尼去年上台时承诺，将对抗特朗普的政策。除了对特朗普的关税措施进行反制（中国是唯一同样采取反制措施的国家，但结果截然不同）之外，卡尼还致力于降低加拿大对美国的贸易依赖——去年美国市场占加拿大出口总额的70%以上。
“如今进入美国市场需要付出代价，”卡尼本月早些时候说道。这位加拿大总理希望在未来十年内，将加拿大与美国以外国家的贸易额翻一番。
卡尼已推动加拿大成为欧盟首个准成员国。
他上周还表示，与印度的贸易谈判正“取得良好进展”，两国计划在12月中旬的二十国集团峰会前完成谈判。
特朗普总统与加拿大总理马克·卡尼于2026年6月16日在法国埃维昂举行的G7峰会上交谈。伊夫琳·霍克斯坦 / pool / 法新社 via 盖蒂图片社
卡尼今年早些时候还与美国分道扬镳，与中国达成协议，允许有限数量的中国电动汽车以大幅降低的关税进入加拿大，以换取中国降低对加拿大油菜籽的关税。
“我们注意到美国政府此前宣布的贸易措施正式生效，”加拿大美贸易部长多米尼克·勒布朗的发言人加布里埃尔·布吕内说道。“我们的首要任务仍是保护和支持加拿大工人、农民、家庭和企业免受这些不合理举措的影响。我们的核心关注点是我们能够掌控的事情：在国内增强实力，在海外拓展合作伙伴关系，为全体加拿大人建设一个更强大的加拿大。”
特朗普则自信地认为，加拿大方面会屈服。
“他们会过来，然后说‘先生，我们错了’，”他周一在白宫对记者说道。“他们对待美国的方式非常、非常糟糕。我认为会达成一份协议，但必须是公平的协议。”
“问题在于，他们对待美国非常不公平。他们是全世界最糟糕的国家之一，”这位总统说道。
贸易律师奇尔德里斯表示，这场对峙可能会持续数月，而非数周。目前实施的进口禁令和关税“可能不会造成足够大的经济动荡，迫使任何一方回到谈判桌前”，他说道。
U.S. ban on almost $1 billion in Canadian imports takes effect
2026-09-29 02:26:03 EDT / CBS/AP
Washington — U.S.-Canada relations, already tense, are likely to deteriorate further after the United States went ahead early Tuesday with a decision to ban nearly $1 billion worth of Canadian imports, including alcoholic beverages, dairy products and motorcycles.
The ban amounts to barely a ripple in $880 billion worth of a two-way annual trade between the two northern neighbors, but marks another ratcheting up of President Trump’s second-term trade war with America’s longtime ally and trading partner.
The import ban “certainly won’t do anything to help the trade tensions between the United States and Canada,” said trade attorney Patrick Childress, a partner at Holland & Knight and a former U.S. trade official.
The latest sparring began over the summer when Mr. Trump reached back to a Great Depression law to impose 50% tariffs on about $20 billion worth of Canadian imports, charging that Canada discriminates against U.S. dairy, auto and alcoholic beverage producers. Canada promptly counterpunched with tariffs of 15%, 25% or 50%, matching U.S. imports dollar for dollar.
To punish Canada for retaliating against his tariffs, Mr. Trump decided to ban a list of Canadian products, effective 12:01 a.m. Eastern time Tuesday.
The economic impact is likely to be minimal. Childress noted that the products on the banned list were already facing Mr. Trump’s tariffs. “For a lot of these goods, the 50% was already acting as a de facto ban by making importation from Canada into the United States uneconomical,″ he said.
Jacob Jensen, director of trade policy at the center-right American Action Forum think tank, calculates that the ban would cover $967 million worth of Canadian imports, based on 2025 numbers. Of that, 87% would be alcoholic beverages that the U.S. targeted because of some Canadian provinces responding to Mr. Trump’s provocations by banning U.S. booze from store shelves.
Those beverages include beer, many types of liquor, sparkling wine, brandy and sake.
Also banned are some dairy products – including the milk byproduct whey. The two countries have long clashed over Canada’s attempts to protect its dairy industry from foreign competition by imposing hefty tariffs once dairy imports have exceeded a quota.
The ban also covers motorcycles. Bombardier Recreational Products in Quebec (BRP) confirmed that its three-wheel Can-Am Spyder and Canyon motorcycles “will be excluded from importation into the U.S.” But BRP said the impact likely won’t be felt until next year because it has completed most production and shipments for the current season.
“This marks yet another escalation in the trade war that may result in further retaliation on the Canadian side,” Jensen said. He expects Canadian exporters and U.S. importers “impacted by these bans will be highly motivated” to demand that trade officials on both sides find some way to reach a “resolution of this whole ordeal.”
The impasse imperils efforts to renew the U.S.-Mexico-Canada Agreement, a North American trade pact Mr. Trump pressured America’s neighbors into accepting in his first term and which he once declared “the most modern, up-to-date, and balanced trade agreement in the history of our country.”
The deal allowed most goods to cross North American borders duty free. But since returning to the White House last year, Trump has announced a series of tariffs that have clouded the future of trade in the region.
Mr. Trump has directed most of his ire at Canada. He is openly seeking to pull Canadian manufacturing south. And he has inflamed public opinion in Canada by repeatedly suggesting that the country become America’s 51st state.
Canadian Prime Minister Mark Carney came to power last year on a promise to stand up to Mr. Trump. In addition to retaliating against the Trump tariffs — China is the only other country to do so, with very different results — Carney has sought to reduce Canada’s reliance on the United States, which last year accounted for more than 70% of Canadian exports.
“There is now a price to be paid for access to the United States market,” Carney said earlier this month. The Canadian prime minister wants to double Canada’s non-U.S. trade over the next decade.
Carney has embraced the prospect of Canada becoming the European Union’s first associate member.
And he said last week that trade negotiations with India are making “good progress” and that the two countries are aiming to conclude talks by the G20 summit in mid-December.
President Trump speaks with Canadian Prime Minister Mark Carney at the G7 summit in Evian, France, on June 16, 2026. Evelyn Hockstein / POOL / AFP via Getty Images
Carney also broke with the U.S. earlier this year, striking a deal with China to allow a limited number of Chinese electric vehicles into Canada at a sharply reduced tariff in exchange for China lowering tariffs on Canadian canola.
“We take note of the coming into force of the Administration’s previously announced trade measures,” said Gabriel Brunet, a spokesman for Canada-U.S. Trade Minister Dominic LeBlanc. “Our first priority remains on protecting and supporting Canadian workers, farmers, families, and businesses from these unjustified actions. Our core focus is on what we can control: building strength at home, diversifying our partnerships abroad, and building Canada strong for all Canadians.”
Mr. Trump expressed confidence that the Canadians would cave in.
“They’re gonna come in and they’re gonna say, ‘Sir, we are sorry,’” he told reporters at the White House Monday. “They’ve treated the United States very, very badly. I think a deal will be made but it’s gonna be fair.”
“The problem is that they’ve treated the United States very unfairly. They have been one of the worst countries in the entire world,” the president said.
Trade attorney Childress said the standoff is likely to continue for months, not weeks. The import bans and the tariffs so far “probably won’t cause enough economic upheaval to force either party back to the negotiating table,” he said.