2026-08-03 上午11:07 美国东部时间 / 哥伦比亚广播公司新闻
作者：梅根·塞鲁洛 记者，MoneyWatch栏目
梅根·塞鲁洛是总部位于纽约的哥伦比亚广播公司MoneyWatch栏目记者，报道小企业、职场、医疗保健、消费者支出和个人理财话题。她定期做客哥伦比亚广播公司24小时新闻频道讨论相关报道。
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近日一项针对在职和退休联邦政府雇员的民调显示，近三分之二的美国联邦工作人员表示自己不会再选择进入公共服务领域，理由是工作保障和福利不断缩水。
美国全国在职和退休联邦雇员协会（NARFE）在7月的调查中发现，受访者的观点压倒性地反映出对当前联邦政府环境的担忧，而非对选择公职职业感到后悔。
特朗普政府通过裁员和削弱公务员保护制度，对联邦 workforce 进行了大规模精简。2025年，白宫宣布了多项削减政府岗位的行政命令，包括冻结文职人员招聘，并指示联邦机构缩减人员编制。
特朗普总统曾表示，联邦雇员人数过多，他推动缩小政府规模和职能范围，同时提高各机构的效率。
“职业生涯中最糟糕的时期”
工作人员对公共部门职业的看法也反映出他们在2025年末长达43天的停摆期间遭遇的困境——这是美国现代史上最长的政府停摆事件。被列为必需岗位的工作人员，如空中交通管制员，被要求无薪工作，而其他人员则被停工休假。
“我为美国民众服务了二十多年，本届政府上台后的头几个月是我职业生涯中最糟糕的时期，”一名联邦工作人员对该协会表示。该协会旨在为联邦雇员和退休人员争取薪酬和福利保护。“工作环境完全充满敌意、混乱不堪且资源匮乏。（连卫生纸和洗手液都没有。）”
“得不到尊重，没有保障，待遇恶劣，”另一名受访者说道。
“对许多人来说，投身联邦政府工作的吸引力在于以无党派、专业的方式支持一项他们认同的使命，”全国在职和退休联邦雇员协会负责政策与项目的副总裁约翰·哈顿对哥伦比亚广播公司新闻表示。“这份工作在很大程度上脱离政治体系。但我们正看到无党派、专业服务的氛围正在大幅削弱。”
哈顿补充道，吸引人们进入政府工作可能需要新的激励措施，包括提高薪酬。
“如果你无法吸引具备专业经验、符合岗位标准的优秀人才，因为组织文化正在发生变化，这将对美国民众获得公共服务产生不利影响，”他说。
越来越难招揽人才
根据美国国会预算办公室2024年的一份报告，约占联邦 workforce 三分之一的拥有学士学位的联邦雇员，其收入比私营部门同类员工低约10%。报告显示，拥有专业学位或博士学位的公务员，收入比私营部门同行低近30%。
哈顿表示，如果薪资较低的政府岗位连工作保障都无法保证，它们将比私营部门岗位更缺乏吸引力，可能会阻碍招聘工作。
“通常来说，人们认为这些工作不像私营部门那样能带来相同的金钱回报，但你能获得工作保障，能支持一项使命，这种平衡对于求职者来说正在瓦解，”他说。“因此你必须创造其他激励措施来吸引他们加入公职队伍。”
编辑：阿兰·谢特
Federal workers sour on government work, decrying eroding job security
2026-08-03 11:07 AM EDT / CBS News
By Megan Cerullo Reporter, MoneyWatch
Megan Cerullo is a New York-based reporter for CBS MoneyWatch covering small business, workplace, health care, consumer spending and personal finance topics. She regularly appears on CBS News 24/7 to discuss her reporting.
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Nearly two-thirds of U.S. federal workers said they wouldn’t enter public service again, citing eroding job security and benefits, according to a recent poll of active and retired government employees.
Respondents’ views overwhelmingly reflected concerns about the current federal climate, rather than regret over having chosen careers in government, the National Active and Retired Federal Employees Association (NARFE) found in a July survey.
The Trump administration has made sweeping cuts to the federal workforce by eliminating jobs and weakening civil service protections. In 2025, the White House announced a number of executive orders to slash government jobs, including a hiring freeze on civilian workers and directives to federal agencies to reduce their rolls.
President Trump has said there are too many federal workers, pushing to reduce the size and scope of government while making agencies more efficient.
“The worst times in my career”
Workers’ perceptions of public-sector careers also reflect struggles many of them faced during a 43-day-long impasse in late 2025 — the longest government shutdown in modern U.S. history. Workers deemed essential, such as air traffic controllers, were required to work without pay, while others were furloughed.
“I probably served the American people for more than 20 years. The first few months of this administration were the worst times in my career,” one government worker told NARFE, according to the group, which advocates for pay and benefits protections for federal workers and retirees. “The work environment was outright hostile, confusing and under-resourced. (No toilet paper or hand soap).”
“No respect, no protections, poor treatment,” another survey respondent said.
“For many people, the draw of working for the federal government is serving a mission they support on a nonpartisan, professional basis,” John Hatton, vice president of policy and programs at NARFE, told CBS News. “It’s separated from the political system, to a large degree. But we’re seeing a real erosion of nonpartisan, professional service.”
Enticing people to work in government may require new incentives, including higher pay, Hatton added.
“If you can’t get skilled people who have professional experience and meet the standards of the job because the culture of the organization is changing, that’s going to be detrimental for the provision of services to the American people,” he said.
A harder sell
According to a 2024 Congressional Budget Office report, federal workers with a bachelor’s degree, comprising about one-third of the federal workforce, earned roughly 10% less than comparable workers in the private sector. Civil servants with a professional degree or doctorate earned almost 30% less than their counterparts in the private sector, according to the report.
If lower-paying government jobs no longer promise job security, they become less appealing than private-sector alternatives and could hamper recruiting efforts, Hatton said.
“Typically, people saw these jobs as not offering the same prospect of monetary reward as you got in the private sector, but you get security, you support a mission, and that balance for job candidates is starting to fall apart,” he said. “So you’re going to have to create some other incentive to bring them into the workforce.”
Edited by Alain Sherter