2026-08-05T16:51:46.493Z / https://www.cnn.com/2026/08/05/politics/haiti-temporary-deportation-protections-tps-no-longer-in-place
美国一名联邦法官周三正式批准特朗普政府终止针对数十万海地人的临时驱逐保护措施，这标志着一场持续数月、最终上诉至最高法院的案件目前已走到最后一步。
美国地区法官安娜·雷耶斯作出这一宣布的时间，距最高法院推翻她今年早些时候作出的暂停政府终止该计划的裁决已过去一个多月。该计划名为“临时保护身份”，适用于近年来因政治动荡和自然灾害逃离海地的海地人。
“本法院此前在司法审查期间暂缓了国土安全部部长克里斯蒂·诺姆终止海地临时保护身份指定令的生效日期，该暂缓令现已不再生效，”雷耶斯在一份简短的裁决书中写道。
这一裁决了结了一个长期困扰约35万受益于该计划的海地人的悬而未决的问题。最高法院6月底作出裁决后，人们仍不清楚这些保护措施究竟会在何时正式失效。
“根据今天落实最高法院裁决的命令，海地临时保护身份持有者——他们全都是无犯罪记录者——将无法再合法工作，其中许多人将面临被遣返回海地的命运，而海地目前仍是全球最危险的国家之一，”代表提起法律挑战的海地临时保护身份持有者的律师杰夫·皮波利说道。
据两名知情人士透露，美国移民和海关执法局已开始针对身份即将到期的包括海地人在内的临时保护身份持有者采取行动。周三的裁决为政府开始将这些人遣返回这个美国国务院多次警告处于危险和不稳定状态的国家扫清了道路。
“我们现在就会对他们采取行动，”国土安全部部长马克韦·马林本周在接受《新闻国家》采访时表示，“这些人要么自行离境，要么我们就逮捕并遣返他们，就这么简单。”
最近几天，已有一些海地人被传唤至移民和海关执法局办公室佩戴脚踝监控器，这是移民和海关执法局长期使用的一种替代拘留的措施，同样会限制移民的行动自由。
如果这些曾受益于该计划的人正在寻求其他移民救济途径，比如庇护或其他合法身份申请，那么他们中的一些人可能不会受到该计划终止的影响。
雷耶斯负责监督的案件目前仍在继续，海地方面将继续主张政府在取消这项允许海地人在美国生活和工作的保护措施时存在歧视意图。
最近几周，在其他几起针对政府终止埃塞俄比亚、缅甸和南苏丹公民临时保护身份的裁决的案件中，法官们在审理新的法律诉求期间阻止了政府推进相关计划，这引发了特朗普政府的公开反对。政府辩称，临时保护身份原本就只是临时性的。
今年夏天早些时候，最高法院作出裁决称，联邦法院无权审查国土安全部部长基于政府未遵循适当法律程序的主张而终止多国临时保护身份的决定。雷耶斯是前总统乔·拜登任命的法官，她此前的裁决部分基于一项认定，即时任国土安全部部长诺姆在终止该计划时规避了法律。
这位法官还认定，该决定可能是出于对海地人的种族敌意，但最高法院表示，雷耶斯在本案中提交的现有证据并不支持这一认定。如今，海地人的律师将继续寻找额外证据来强化他们的主张。
“裁决书中没有任何内容表明本案原告无法收集必要的额外证据来证明他们的平等保护诉求，”移民律师团队上月在提交给雷耶斯的法庭文件中写道。
https://www.cnn.com/
杰克·塔珀就飞往海地的遣返航班安全问题质问国土安全部部长马林
海地临时保护身份持有者的身份失效将对养老行业造成特别严重的打击，包括养老院和家庭护理机构。
甚至在周三的裁决作出之前，一些养老院就已在上周早些时候这些员工的工作授权到期后开始解雇他们。
佛罗里达州威斯敏斯特社区养老院解雇了12名海地临时保护身份持有者，他们分别担任认证护理助理、餐饮服务人员和保洁员，工作地点在该机构的持续护理设施内。该机构首席人力资源官阿曼达·伯奇告诉CNN，他们将根据需要临时雇用人员填补空缺。
但伯奇表示，这种过渡并不容易。
“这也会对入住的老人造成干扰，新团队成员刚入职时，老人们并不认识他们——而这些老人多年来早已和之前的员工建立了感情，”她说。
伯奇还表示，一些临时保护身份持有者已聘请律师，希望申请其他可获得工作授权的身份。部分人计划搬到加拿大，因为他们在那里有亲属。
东海岸的另一家长期护理机构负责人上周早些时候告诉CNN，在被强制要求之前，她不会解雇其手下的32名海地临时保护身份持有者。其中6名员工在该机构的辅助生活设施工作，其余人员在养老院工作。他们中的许多人是认证护理助理，其他人则负责膳食和后勤工作。其中几人已经在该机构工作了20多年。
这位不愿透露姓名的负责人表示，认证护理助理很难招聘，而这些员工大多是移民。随着美国人口老龄化，对认证护理助理的需求只会越来越大。
此外，入住老人及其家属都非常依赖并感谢海地临时保护身份持有者所做的工作，这位负责人说。她还提到自己收到了大量表扬一名长期任职员工的信件。
“这个人从事的是一份没人愿意做的重要工作，”这位负责人说，“我们却要把她送回一个陌生、战乱且危险的地方。她在这里缴税、抚养孩子、扎下了根，这到底是为了什么？你们到底想干什么？”
除养老行业外，海地临时保护身份持有者还在酒店、零售和餐饮行业工作，这些行业都将不得不应对员工突然流失的问题。
根据聚焦移民政策、支持海地临时保护身份的倡导组织FWD.us的分析，2025年初有近19万海地临时保护身份持有者处于就业状态。他们为美国经济贡献了约59亿美元，同时缴纳了16亿美元的联邦、薪资、州和地方税款。
本文已更新补充更多细节。
Court confirms that temporary deportation protections for Haitians are no longer in place
2026-08-05T16:51:46.493Z / https://www.cnn.com/2026/08/05/politics/haiti-temporary-deportation-protections-tps-no-longer-in-place
A federal judge on Wednesday officially allowed the Trump administration to end temporary deportation protection for hundreds of thousands of Haitians, marking the final step, for now, in a months-long case that made its way to the Supreme Court.
The announcement from US District Judge Ana Reyes comes more than a month after the high court reversed a ruling she made earlier this year that halted the government’s plans to end a program, known as Temporary Protected Status, for Haitians who fled the country in recent years amid political unrest and on the heels of natural disasters.
“The court’s order, which had stayed the effective date of Department of Homeland Security Secretary Kristi Noem’s Termination of the Designation of Haiti for Temporary Protected Status pending judicial review, is no longer in effect,” Reyes wrote in a brief order.
The order puts to bed a lingering question that had caused confusion among the roughly 350,000 Haitians benefiting from the program. Following the Supreme Court’s decision in late June, it remained unclear when, exactly, the protections would be officially gone.
“As a result of today’s order implementing the Supreme Court’s decision, Haitian TPS holders – all of them non-criminals – can no longer legally work, and many are subject to removal to Haiti, which continues to be one of the most dangerous countries in the world,” said Geoff Pipoly, an attorney representing the Haitian TPS holders who brought the legal challenge.
Immigration and Customs Enforcement had already started to target TPS holders, including Haitians, whose status was set to expire, according to two sources familiar with the plans. Wednesday’s order paves the way for the administration to start deporting them back to a country that the State Department has repeatedly warned is dangerous and unstable.
“We’re going after them right now,” DHS Secretary Markwaye Mullin told NewsNation this week. “These individuals can either self-deport or we’ll arrest you and send you back. It’s that simple.”
In recent days, some Haitians have been called into ICE offices to be fitted with ankle monitors, which is an alternative form of detention long used by ICE that also restricts the movements of immigrants.
Some of those who had benefited from the program may not be affected by its undoing if they were pursuing other immigration relief, like asylum or other claims for legal status.
The case being overseen by Reyes will still continue in the meantime, with the Haitians continuing to press their claim that the administration acted with discriminatory intent when it nixed the protections, which allowed the Haitians to live and work in the US.
In several other cases challenging the administration’s decision to end TPS for people from Ethiopia, Burma and South Sudan, judges have in recent weeks blocked the administration from moving forward with its plans while they weigh new legal claims, sparking public backlash from the Trump administration, which argues that the status was only ever meant to be temporary.
The Supreme Court’s decision earlier this summer said that federal courts do not have the power to review challenges to the Homeland Security secretary’s decision to end TPS for a slew of countries based on claims the administration didn’t follow proper legal procedure. Reyes, an appointee of former President Joe Biden, had partially based her decision on a finding that then-Secretary Noem skirted the law when she ended the program.
The judge also concluded that the decision was likely fueled by racial animus toward Haitians, but the high court said the present evidence before her in the case did not support that finding. Now, attorneys for the Haitians will continue looking for additional evidence to strengthen their argument.
“Nothing in the decision suggests that the plaintiffs here cannot try to marshal the additional evidence necessary to prove their equal protection claim,” lawyers for the migrants told Reyes in a court filing last month.
https://www.cnn.com/
Jake Tapper presses Homeland Security Secretary Mullin on the safety of deportation flights to Haiti
The loss of the Haitian TPS holders will hit the elder care industry, including nursing homes and home care agencies, particularly hard.
Even before Wednesday’s decision, some nursing homes started letting go of these staffers when their work authorization ended early last week.
Westminster Communities of Florida terminated 12 Haitian TPS holders who worked as certified nursing assistants (CNAs), dining services staffers and housekeepers in its continuing care facilities. It will replace them with temporary workers, as needed, Amanda Birch, chief human resources officer, told CNN.
But the shift isn’t easy, Birch said.
“It’s disruptive to residents, as well, to have new team members come in that they don’t really know — when they develop relationships with these prior team members over the years,” she said.
Some of the TPS holders have hired attorneys in hopes of applying for another status that will give them work authorization, she said. Some plan to move to Canada, where they have relatives.
Another long-term care provider on the East Coast told CNN early last week that she would not lay off any of her 32 Haitian TPS holders until she is compelled to do so. Six of the staffers work in the provider’s assisted living facility and the rest in the nursing home. Many are CNAs, while others work in dietary and support roles. Several have worked for the provider for more than 20 years.
It’s hard to hire CNAs, and most of these staffers are immigrants, said the provider, who asked CNN not to use her or her facility’s name so as not to attract the attention of immigration officials. As the US population ages, even more CNAs will be needed.
Also, residents and their families depend on and appreciate the work that the Haitian TPS holders do, the provider said. She pointed out the multitude of letters of praise she’s received about one longtime employee.
“This is a person who does an important job that no one else wants to do,” the provider said. “We’re going to send her back to a place that’s unfamiliar, that’s war torn, that’s dangerous. A woman who’s paid taxes, who’s raised her children here, who has established roots here. For what? What are you trying to do?”
In addition to the elder care industry, Haitian TPS holders also work in the hospitality, retail and restaurant sectors — all of which will have to contend with the sudden loss of workers.
Nearly 190,000 Haitian TPS holders were employed in early 2025, according to an analysis by FWD.us, a policy and advocacy organization focused on immigration that supports TPS for Haitians. They contribute an estimated $5.9 billion to the US economy, as well as pay $1.6 billion in federal, payroll, state and local taxes.
This story has been updated with additional details.