2026-10-08 下午5:58 美东时间 / 美国有线电视新闻网（CNN）
作者：塔米·勒比（Tami Luhby）
税收 国会新闻 利率 投资
美国国会预算办公室周四发布报告称，过去一财年联邦财政赤字升至近2万亿美元，部分原因是利息支出激增以及关税退税规模扩大。
截至9月30日的本财年，联邦政府税收收入与支出之间的差额扩大了2180亿美元，增幅达12%。
公共债务的净利息支出首次突破1万亿美元，受美国债务规模飙升和利率走高推动，该项支出增长了11%。美国在债务利息上的开支仅次于社会保障，超过了其他任何预算类别。
赤字扩大还因为特朗普政府因最高法院裁定其征收的部分全球关税违反联邦法律，不得不发放退税。国会预算办公室估计，本财年共发放了约1300亿美元的关税退税。
尽管美国经济状况相对良好，但近年来美国财政状况持续恶化，国会两党均不愿全面解决这一问题。
“显然，我们不能再这样下去了，”财政监督组织“负责任联邦预算委员会”主席玛雅·麦吉内斯在一份声明中表示。“我们的财政道路已经倒退太久，现在是时候着手规划前进的道路了。”
美国国债规模在8月达到创纪录的40万亿美元，这一严峻里程碑将在未来多年影响美国民众、企业和政府。然而，总统唐纳德·特朗普和国会共和党去年通过的“宏伟且完美的法案”预计将在十年内进一步增加数万亿美元的国家债务，因为该法案慷慨的税收减免幅度超过了配套的支出削减。
相关报道
美国无法通过经济增长摆脱债务问题 阅读时长：5分钟
美国日益严重的财政困境，加上企业债券供应增加以及市场对美联储进一步加息的预期，近期引发了债券市场动荡。投资者日益焦虑，推动美国国债利率大幅攀升。这也导致抵押贷款利率走高，进一步加大了房屋买卖难度。
“宏伟且完美的法案”的影响
共和党全面减税法案的效应也开始显现。尽管许多企业利润大幅增长，但企业税收收入下降了16%，至3820亿美元。
国会预算办公室指出，“宏伟且完美的法案”允许企业对部分投资享受更高额度的扣除，例如立即抵扣研发成本以及包括制造工厂在内的部分新型建筑开支。
“负责任联邦预算委员会”政策主任克里斯·汤纳表示，企业税收收入下降表明企业正在充分利用该法案的条款。
与此同时，随着美国人口老龄化和福利成本上升，社会保障和医疗保险支出持续增长。医疗补助计划支出也因医疗成本上涨而大幅增加。“宏伟且完美的法案”中对医疗补助计划的历史性削减大多要到明年才开始生效。
明年美国或将再次触及债务上限，届时议员们或将迎来又一次解决国家财政问题的契机。
Federal budget deficit climbs to $2 trillion as fiscal jitters multiply
2026-10-08 5:58 PM ET / CNN
By Tami Luhby
Taxes Congressional news Interest rates Investing
Gray clouds hang over the US Capitol on September 28.
Chip Somodevilla/Getty Images
The federal budget deficit rose to nearly $2 trillion for the past fiscal year, spurred in part by ballooning interest payments and tariff refunds, the Congressional Budget Office reported Thursday.
The gap between the revenue the federal government collects and the amount it spends widened by $218 billion, or 12%, in the last fiscal year, which ended September 30.
Net interest payments on the public debt topped $1 trillion for the first time, driven up 11% by the nation’s skyrocketing debt levels and higher interest rates. The US spent more on interest than on any category other than Social Security.
The deficit also grew because the Trump administration had to issue refunds after the Supreme Court found that certain global tariffs it imposed violated federal law. The CBO estimates that about $130 billion in tariff refunds was issued in the most recent fiscal year.
Although the economy is in relatively good shape, the nation’s fiscal health has worsened in recent years with neither Republicans nor Democrats on Capitol Hill willing to fully address the issue.
“Clearly, we can’t keep going like we have,” Maya MacGuineas, president of the Committee for a Responsible Federal Budget, a fiscal watchdog group, said in a statement. “Our fiscal path has been running backwards for far too long; it’s time to start working on the path forward.”
The US debt hit a record $40 trillion in August, a grim milestone that will have consequences for Americans, businesses and the government for years to come. Yet the “big, beautiful bill” that President Donald Trump and congressional Republicans enacted last year is expected to add trillions more to the national debt over a decade as its generous tax breaks outweigh the package’s spending cuts.
Related article A view of a bus shelter at 13th and I St’s NW where an electronic billboard and a poster display the current U.S. National debt per person and as a nation at 40 Trillion Dollars on August 30, 2026 in Washington, DC. Jemal Countess/Getty Images America can’t grow its way out of its debt problem 5 min read
The nation’s growing financial woes, along with rising corporate debt supply and expectations for higher Federal Reserve interest rates, have sparked turmoil in bond markets in recent months. Investors are increasingly jittery, which has sent rates on US debt soaring. That has also led to higher mortgage rates, making it even more difficult to buy and sell homes.
Big, beautiful bill impact
The Republicans’ sweeping tax cuts are also starting to have an effect. Although many businesses are raking in higher profits, corporate tax revenue declined by 16% to $382 billion.
The “big, beautiful bill” allowed companies to take larger deductions for certain investments, the CBO noted, such as immediately deducting research and development costs and certain types of new buildings, including manufacturing plants.
The drop in corporate tax revenues shows that companies are taking advantage of the law’s provisions, said Chris Towner, policy director at the Committee for a Responsible Federal Budget.
Meanwhile, spending on Social Security and Medicare continued to grow as the nation ages and the programs’ benefit costs increased. Medicaid spending also jumped, spurred by rising healthcare costs. Most of the “big, beautiful bill’s” historic cuts to Medicaid don’t start kicking in until next year.
Lawmakers will likely have another chance to address the nation’s fiscal problems next year, when the US is once again expected to hit the debt ceiling.
发表回复