2026年9月28日 美国东部时间上午6:21 / 哥伦比亚广播公司/美联社
一名哥伦比亚军阀已被空运至加利福尼亚州并被联邦特工羁押，此前他曾被该国前政府指定为和平谈判代表，导致其引渡至美国的程序推迟了数月。
乔瓦尼·安德烈斯·罗哈斯在美国面临贩毒和恐怖主义指控。多年来，他一直担任“边境突击队”的发言人及领导人，该反叛组织以在哥伦比亚与厄瓜多尔和秘鲁接壤的普图马约省走私可卡因而闻名。
罗哈斯又名“阿拉尼亚”（“蜘蛛”），曾受到哥伦比亚前总统古斯塔沃·佩特罗的引渡保护，佩特罗曾邀请他参与与哥伦比亚政府的和平谈判。
但由保守派总统阿韦拉多·德拉埃斯普列利亚领导的新政府解除了对罗哈斯的引渡禁令，这标志着该国安全战略的转变。
“我们不会通过保护这类匪徒式的毒贩恐怖分子来建设和平，”德拉埃斯普列利亚在周五亲自监督罗哈斯被移交至美国后表示，“我呼吁美国当局……确保他无法通过交易逃脱罪责。”
美国司法部发布了罗哈斯被引渡至美国后由执法人员押解的照片。
乔瓦尼·安德烈斯·罗哈斯（中）在美国面临贩毒和恐怖主义指控。 美国司法部供图
“哥伦比亚和司法部将从‘蜘蛛’开始，彻底清除毒贩恐怖分子，”美国检察官亚当·戈登在一份声明中说道。
罗哈斯于2025年2月在波哥大被捕，哥伦比亚最高法院于同年10月批准将其引渡至美国。但佩特罗暂停了引渡程序，称需要罗哈斯参与哥伦比亚政府与包括边境突击队在内的多个反叛组织的和平谈判。
于6月当选的德拉埃斯普列利亚已暂停与反叛组织的和谈，并对犯罪采取强硬手段。近期他下令在哥伦比亚北部一座城市实施军事管制，当地一个贩毒团伙曾试图实施为期三天的宵禁。这位保守派领导人在竞选期间曾获得唐纳德·特朗普总统的背书，并表示将与美国密切合作打击贩毒活动。
近年来，哥伦比亚政府一直在努力遏制农村地区的暴力活动，因为贩毒团伙和反叛组织为争夺哥伦比亚革命武装力量（FARC）2016年与政府达成和平协议后放弃的地盘而争斗不休。
这项结束了长达五十年游击战的协议使得超过1.4万名武装人员放下武器。但和平协议也在几乎没有政府管控的地区留下了权力真空，可卡因交易等非法活动在这些地区十分猖獗。目前有多个分裂组织在这些地区为争夺贩毒路线、非法矿井和敲诈勒索地盘而战。
边境突击队成立于2017年，部分成员由未加入2016年和平协议的前FARC武装人员组成。该组织与2019年由前FARC指挥官卢西亚诺·马林创立的“第二马尔凯塔利娅”组织结成联盟。但该联盟于两年前解散，边境突击队转而与哥伦比亚政府单独进行谈判。
罗哈斯预计将于周一首次出庭。
Accused drug lord known as “The Spider” extradited to California from Colombia
September 28, 2026 6:21 AM EDT / CBS/AP
A Colombian warlord, whose extradition to the United States had been delayed for several months while he was designated a peace negotiator by the country’s previous government, was flown to California and placed in custody of federal agents.
Geovany Andres Rojas faces drug trafficking and terrorism charges in the United States. For years, he acted as a spokesman and leader of Comandos de la Frontera, a rebel group known for trafficking cocaine in Putumayo, a Colombian province that borders Ecuador and Peru.
Rojas, who is also known as “Araña” (“The Spider”), had been protected from extradition by former Colombian President Gustavo Petro, who had asked him to participate in peace talks with the Colombian government.
But a new government, led by conservative President Abelardo de la Espriella, lifted the ban on Rojas’s extradition, signaling a shift in the nation’s security strategy.
“You don’t build peace by protecting narco-terrorists like this bandit,” De la Espriella said on Friday, after he personally supervised Rojas’ transfer to the U.S. “I ask U.S. authorities … that he cannot negotiate deals that will leave his crimes unpunished.”
The U.S. Justice Department released a photo of Rojas flanked by law enforcement after being extradited to the United States.
Geovany Andres Rojas (center) faces drug trafficking and terrorism charges in the United States. Department of Justice
“Colombia and the Department of Justice are making a clean sweep of narcoterrorists, starting with Araña,” U.S. Attorney Adam Gordon said in a statement.
Rojas was arrested in Bogota in February 2025, and Colombia’s Supreme Court approved his extradition to the U.S. in October. But Petro suspended it, arguing he needed Rojas to participate in peace talks between the Colombian government and several rebel groups, including Comandos de la Frontera.
De la Espriella, who was elected in June, has suspended talks with rebel groups and has taken an iron-fist approach to crime. It recently included militarizing a city in the north of Colombia, where a drug gang attempted to impose a three-day curfew. The conservative leader was endorsed by President Donald Trump while campaigning and has said he will work closely with the United States to fight drug trafficking.
Colombia’s government has struggled to contain violence in rural areas in recent years, as drug gangs and rebel groups fight over territory abandoned by the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia or FARC, following their 2016 peace deal with the government.
More than 14,000 fighters laid down their weapons as a result of the agreement that ended five decades of guerrilla warfare. But the peace deal also left a power vacuum in regions with little state presence, where illegal activities like the cocaine trade are common. Several breakaway groups are now fighting over drug trafficking routes, illegal mines and extortion rackets in these areas.
Comandos de la Frontera emerged in 2017 and is partly led by former FARC fighters who did not join the 2016 peace deal. The group formed an alliance with the Segunda Marquetalia organization, a group founded in 2019 by former FARC commander Luciano Marin. But the alliance fell apart two years ago, leaving Comandos de la Frontera to conduct separate negotiations with Colombia’s government.
Rojas is expected to make his initial court appearance on Monday.
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