2026年9月10日 / 美国东部时间下午5:54 / 哥伦比亚广播公司新闻
美国柴油价格正朝着交通运输行业痛苦的新里程碑快速逼近：每加仑6美元。专家表示，此次油价飙升可能会对消费者产生连锁反应，因为企业会将更高的能源成本转嫁出去。
根据美国汽车协会（AAA）的数据，周四全国柴油平均零售价升至每加仑5.98美元，较一年前的3.71美元上涨了61%。柴油广泛应用于货运和铁路运输，影响全美各地的货物运输成本，同时也被用于建筑业和农业。
实时追踪汽油价格变化的GasBuddy网站显示，柴油价格已经突破了每加仑6美元。
经济学家表示，企业目前基本尚未将柴油价格上涨的成本转嫁给消费者。但资本经济公司北美高级经济学家托马斯·瑞安表示，如果这些高成本持续下去，未来几个月情况很可能会发生变化。
他在接受哥伦比亚广播公司新闻采访时表示，柴油价格上涨“美国家庭至少在今年剩余时间里都不得不承受”。
柴油价格上涨已经体现在批发层面。美国劳工部周四指出，8月份生产商商品价格涨幅中有三分之一以上归因于柴油成本上升，当月柴油价格上涨了24.1%。
柴油价格为何上涨？
GasBuddy的石油专家帕特里克·德哈恩表示，柴油价格上涨是伊朗持续冲突导致全球石油供应收紧的结果。
随着美国与伊朗之间的冲突升级，国际基准原油布伦特原油价格周四跃升至每桶108美元。
德哈恩表示，专家们还指出，中东和俄罗斯的全球炼油产能紧缩也是柴油价格飙升的原因。乌克兰无人机袭击俄罗斯能源基础设施，大幅削弱了该国的炼油能力，加剧了价格压力。
专注于地缘政治的无党派智库大西洋理事会表示，自今年年初以来，乌克兰大幅增加了对俄罗斯炼油厂的无人机袭击次数，导致燃料短缺。
“目前俄罗斯国内的柴油产量甚至连出口所需的基本量都无法满足，不幸的是，这对全球经济来说是个大问题——因为几乎所有重型机械都需要柴油，”德哈恩在接受哥伦比亚广播公司新闻采访时说道。
据美国汽车协会的数据，炼油产能放缓引发的供应紧张是柴油价格涨幅超过汽油的主要原因，目前汽油价格徘徊在每加仑4.28美元以上。
这种供应紧张状况预计将持续下去。标准普尔全球能源部门的分析师在周四的一份报告中表示，他们预计全球石油产量到2027年底都无法恢复到战前水平，而该公司此前曾预测这一目标可在2027年底前实现。
柴油价格上涨对美国人意味着什么？
专家指出，今年消费者基本未受到柴油价格飙升的影响。这是因为零售商通常与供应商签订了现有合同，并有足够的利润空间来消化额外成本。
但当这些合同重新谈判，企业不得不开始支付燃油附加费时，它们消化成本的缓冲空间就会缩小，从而导致它们将成本转嫁给消费者。
“我想说真正的转折点是，如果（柴油价格上涨）持续超过六周，你真的会看到更多影响渗透下来，因为那些大型终端用户最终将被迫大量采购，”德哈恩说道。
这种渗透效应可能首先出现在一个领域：杂货店。
密歇根州立大学食品经济学家戴维·奥尔特加在通过电子邮件接受哥伦比亚广播公司新闻采访时表示，需要冷藏且长途运输的食品，如海鲜和新鲜农产品，最容易受到价格上涨的影响，而不易变质的商品和本地采购的产品则受燃料成本的影响较小。
柴油价格飙升还可能推高其他成本。
“如果你在购买家具，价格会大幅上涨。如果你在购买新车，运输费用可能会飙升，”德哈恩说道，“渗透效应会无处不在，但表现形式会各不相同。”
Diesel prices are nearing $6 a gallon for the first time ever
September 10, 2026 / 5:54 PM EDT / CBS News
Diesel prices in the U.S. are barreling toward a painful new milestone for the transportation industry: $6 a gallon, a surge experts said is likely to have ripple effects for consumers as businesses pass on their higher energy costs.
The national average for a gallon of diesel on Thursday rose to $5.98, up 61% from $3.71 a year ago, according to data from AAA. Diesel is widely used in trucking and rail, affecting the cost of transporting goods around the U.S., as well as in construction and farming.
Diesel has already surpassed $6, according to GasBuddy, which tracks changes in gas prices in real time.
Economists said that businesses have largely held off passing along higher diesel prices to consumers. But that is likely to change over the next few months if those costs remain elevated, said Thomas Ryan, a senior North American economist at Capital Economics.
Higher diesel prices are “something that households are going to have to weather at least over the remainder of this year,” he told CBS News.
Diesel prices are already showing up at the wholesale level, with the Department of Labor noting on Thursday that more than a third of the jump in goods prices for producers in August was attributable to rising diesel costs, which rose 24.1% last month.
Why are diesel prices rising?
Rising diesel prices are a result of the ongoing war in Iran, which has crimped global oil supply, said Patrick De Haan, a petroleum expert at GasBuddy.
The price of Brent crude, the international standard, jumped on Thursday to $108 a barrel as fighting between the U.S. and Iran escalated.
Experts also note that diesel prices are soaring due to a global squeeze on refining capacity in both the Middle East and Russia. Ukrainian drone strikes on Russia’s energy infrastructure have sharply reduced the country’s ability to refine oil, amplifying price pressures, De Haan said.
According to the Atlantic Council, a nonpartisan think tank focused on geopolitics, Ukraine has significantly stepped up the volume of drone strikes on Russian refineries since the start of the year, leading to a fuel shortage.
“There’s just not enough diesel right now in Russia to export any volume of it, and that’s unfortunately a big problem for a global economy that sees almost every piece of heavy machinery needing diesel,” De Haan told CBS News.
Supply constraints sparked by the slowdown in refining are a major reason why diesel prices have risen faster than gasoline, which is hovering above $4.28 a gallon, according to AAA.
Such constraints are expected to continue indefinitely. Analysts at S&P Global Energy said in a report on Thursday that they don’t expect global oil production to return to prewar levels by the end of 2027, as the research firm previously forecast.
What do higher diesel prices mean for Americans?
Consumers have been mostly shielded from surging diesel prices this year, experts note. That’s because retailers typically have existing contracts with suppliers and the margins to absorb the extra cost.
But when those contracts are renegotiated and companies have to start paying fuel surcharges, it could reduce the cushion they have to absorb costs, leading them to pass those costs on to consumers.
“I would say the real turning point is if [higher diesel] sticks around for probably more than six weeks, you’re really going to see more impact trickle down as those large end users are going to be forced to buy in large quantities at some point,” De Haan said.
One area where that trickle-down effect is likely to show up: grocery stores.
Foods that need to be refrigerated and travel long distances, such as seafood and fresh produce, are most vulnerable to price increases, while nonperishable items and locally sourced products tend to be more insulated from fuel costs, David Ortega, a food economist at Michigan State University, told CBS News in an email.
The spike in diesel prices could also drive up other costs.
“If you’re shopping for furniture, that is going to see a big, expensive increase. If you’re shopping for a new car, those destination charges could shoot up,” De Haan said. “The trickle-down is going to be everywhere, but it’s going to be so varied.”
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