2026-09-10T12:56:00-0400 / 哥伦比亚广播公司新闻
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更新于：2026年9月10日 / 美国东部时间下午3:45 / 哥伦比亚广播公司新闻
华盛顿 —— 特朗普总统承诺，如果共和党在11月的选举中保住众议院和参议院的控制权，将向每位美国成年人发放5000美元，并将其标榜为得益于美国“巨大经济成功”的分红。
但特朗普总统在共和党全国委员会中期会议上做出的这一承诺，面临着政治和后勤层面的重重障碍。到目前为止，特朗普尚未兑现他此前向美国人承诺的其他全民现金发放计划，只有在其任期内出生的婴儿可领取的“特朗普账户”补贴是个例外。
美国人口普查局数据显示，美国18岁以上公民约有2.45亿人。因此，如果特朗普政府向每位成年美国公民发放5000美元，总支出将超过1.2万亿美元。哥伦比亚广播公司新闻已向白宫询问该计划的细节，包括资金将以支票还是其他形式发放。
以下是美国人可能不该指望拿到这5000美元的原因：
这笔拨款必须经国会两院通过
向每位美国成年人发放5000美元需要国会立法。目前共和党已经控制了参众两院，因此如果特朗普是认真的——并且想要赢得选民好感——他本可以要求国会就此展开审议，或者现在就起草立法文本。
当被福克斯新闻主持人劳拉·英格拉哈姆问及为何不在共和党仍掌握两院多数席位时就向民众发放这笔钱时，特朗普将责任归咎于民主党。
“因为他们做不到——实话跟你说——因为民主党人做不到，”他在社交媒体上发布的一段简短视频片段中说道，“在他们的治理下是负增长。在我们的治理下，经济形势一片大好。”
到目前为止，国会共和党领导层并未积极支持这一可能增加国家债务的提案。美国国债上月已突破40万亿美元。众议院议长迈克·约翰逊已承诺，如果共和党在中期选举后继续掌权，将削减开支。
民调显示共和党保住两院多数席位的前景并不乐观。共和党在众议院面临尤其强劲的逆风，只需几个选区的席位易主，他们就会失去众议院控制权。民主党在通用国会选票投票中表现优于共和党。
由民主党控制的参众两院不太可能通过这5000美元拨款计划。
美国人从未拿到过狗狗币分红
特朗普总统在其任期之初曾对向美国人发放某种形式的“狗狗币分红”表示开放态度，当时亿万富翁企业家埃隆·马斯克正负责监督政府精简计划的实施。
“我们甚至在考虑一个新方案：将狗狗币节省资金的20%分给美国公民，另外20%用于偿还债务，”特朗普去年2月在迈阿密举行的FII优先峰会上说道。
狗狗币节省的资金远低于预期，这一想法也就不了了之。
特朗普承诺的关税分红从未兑现
特朗普总统去年就曾承诺过关税分红。他表示，除高收入人群外，所有人都将拿到每人“至少2000美元”的分红。
但美国政府从未直接向纳税人发放过这笔钱。最高法院裁定特朗普的部分关税非法后，一些企业获得了关税退款。其中部分企业已承诺将部分财政补贴分给消费者，但这并非强制性要求。
关税收入远不足以覆盖每人5000美元的拨款
副总统JD·万斯告诉福克斯新闻，这笔资金将来自关税收入。但美国政府的关税收入远不足以支撑这一计划。美国通过关税获得的收入，远低于向每位成年公民发放5000美元所需的1.2万亿美元以上资金。
根据两党政策中心的数据，2026年美国从关税和其他消费税中获得的总收入约为2100亿美元。这仅相当于符合条件的每人约857美元，更不用说美国政府已经不得不将大部分关税收入退还给企业。两党政策中心表示，2026年关税收入中有一半以上被用于退还企业的税款。
根据卡托研究所的数据，向每位美国成年人发放5000美元支票，所需金额将占特朗普政府关税计划预计10年总收入的60%至75%。
Why you shouldn’t bank on Trump’s $5,000 dividends happening
2026-09-10T12:56:00-0400 / CBS News
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Updated on: September 10, 2026 / 3:45 PM EDT / CBS News
Washington — President Trump pledged to give every American adult $5,000 if Republicans keep the House and Senate in November, framing it as a dividend made possible by the country’s “tremendous economic success.”
But the president’s pledge at the Republican National Committee’s midterm convention has political and logistical hurdles. And Mr. Trump has yet to follow through with other universal cash payments he’s promised to Americans thus far, with the Trump Accounts for babies born during his time in office being an exception.
The Census Bureau says there are about 245 million U.S. citizens over 18, so if the Trump administration gave $5,000 to every adult U.S. citizen, it would cost over $1.2 trillion. CBS News has asked the White House for details on the president’s plan, including whether the money would come in the form of a check or some other way.
Here are the reasons why Americans might not want to count on that $5,000.
The payments would have to pass both chambers of Congress
Giving $5,000 to each American adult would require an act of Congress. Republicans already control both chambers, so if Mr. Trump wanted to prove he’s serious — and wanted to gain goodwill with voters — he could have already demanded that Congress take it up, or he could draft legislative language now.
Asked by Fox News’ Laura Ingraham why not give Americans the money now, while the GOP has majorities in both chambers, Mr. Trump blamed Democrats.
“Because they can’t — I’ll tell you what — because the Democrats can’t do it,” he responded in a brief clip posted on social media. “Because with them it’s negative growth. With us, it’s so positive.”
So far, Republican leaders in Congress aren’t jumping on an idea that would add to the national debt, which last month surpassed $40 trillion. And House Speaker Mike Johnson has pledged spending cuts after the midterms should the GOP retain control.
Polling isn’t favorable for Republicans to keep both chambers. Republicans face particularly strong headwinds in the House, where only a few district flips would lose them the chamber. Democrats are outperforming Republicans on the generic ballot.
It’s unlikely a Democratic-controlled House or Senate would approve the $5,000 payments.
Americans never received DOGE dividends
The president expressed openness to some form of “DOGE dividends” to Americans at the beginning of his term, when billionaire entrepreneur Elon Musk was overseeing the implementation of the administration’s government downsizing.
“There’s even a — under consideration, a new concept where we give 20% of the DOGE savings to American citizens and 20% goes to paying down debt,” Mr. Trump said at the FII Priority Summit in Miami in February of last year.
DOGE savings came in well under projections, and the idea died out.
Mr. Trump pledged tariff refunds that never arrived
The president already vowed tariff dividends last year. He said a dividend of “at least $2,000” a person would arrive for everyone except for high-income Americans.
The government has not, however, paid taxpayers directly. Companies are receiving tariff refunds after the Supreme Court ruled some of Mr. Trump’s tariffs were illegal. Some of those companies have vowed to share their financial relief with consumers, but they aren’t required to do so.
The money generated from tariffs hasn’t come close to $5,000 per adult
Vice President JD Vance told Fox News the money would come from tariff revenue. But the government isn’t generating enough tariff revenue for that to work. The money the U.S. has raked in through tariffs hasn’t come close to the more than $1.2 trillion that would be needed to pay each American adult $5,000.
According to the Bipartisan Policy Center, the U.S. has brought in about $210 billion from gross tariff and other excise taxes in 2026. That only amounts to about $857 per eligible person, not to mention the U.S. government has already had to return much of its tariff revenue to companies. Over half of the revenues generated by tariffs in 2026 have been eaten up by refunds to companies, the Bipartisan Policy Center says.
According to the Cato Institute, a $5,000 check for each American adult would be between 60% to 75% of the total revenue the Trump administration’s tariffs are projected to generate over 10 years.
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