2026年8月12日 / 美国东部时间下午2:57 / 哥伦比亚广播公司新闻
美国疾病控制与预防中心的数据显示，2026年迄今，美国麻疹确诊病例数已达到三十多年来的最高水平，多州暴发疫情。
截至7月中旬，今年的确诊病例数已经超过了2025年全年——后者是近年来最严重的一年，确诊病例超过2200例。持续蔓延的疫情让美国面临失去自2000年以来保持的官方麻疹消除认证的风险。
麻疹是传染性最强的传染病之一。在某些情况下，它会引发肺部和脑部严重感染，进而导致认知障碍、失聪甚至死亡。但麻疹可以通过疫苗接种预防，医学研究已证明疫苗安全且高效。
哥伦比亚广播公司新闻数据团队一直在跟踪州卫生部门和美国疾控中心发布的最新数据，统计全国范围内的麻疹确诊病例。
在去年的2289例确诊病例中，有超过750例与得克萨斯州西部的一起暴发疫情相关，该疫情导致两名儿童死亡。
在2025年之前，近年来美国确诊病例数最高的年份是2019年，达到1274例，当时纽约州、加利福尼亚州和华盛顿州暴发了疫情。多数年份的总病例数要低得多。
卫生专家指出，疫苗接种率下降是麻疹等可预防性传染病病例增加的主要原因。绝大多数病例都出现在未接种疫苗的人群中，疫情在疫苗接种率较低的社区蔓延。
美国疾控中心的数据显示，2021-2022学年，美国约93%的幼儿园儿童接种了麻疹疫苗，2023-2024学年这一比例仅为92.7%。这一数据低于2019-2020学年的95.2%——而95.2%是保障人群安全的关键阈值。仅有10个州达到了这一阈值。
美国疾控中心表示：“当一个社区中超过95%的人群接种了疫苗，大多数人就能通过社区免疫（群体免疫）获得保护。”
美国国立卫生研究院主任杰伊·巴塔查里亚博士在《与玛格丽特·布伦南面对面》节目中表示：“我认为，对于大多数孩子来说，尤其是麻疹疫苗、白百破联合疫苗等所有标准儿童疫苗，父母为孩子接种疫苗非常重要。”
研究发现，与未接种疫苗的人群相比，接种疫苗的人群自闭症发病率没有升高。疫苗也都经过了严格的安全性测试。
编辑：宝拉·科恩、梅利莎·加夫尼
As measles outbreaks grow in the U.S., maps and charts show a record number of cases
August 12, 2026 / 2:57 PM EDT / CBS News
So far in 2026, the U.S. has recorded the most measles cases in more than three decades as outbreaks spread in multiple states, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention data shows.
By mid-July, the number had already surpassed all of 2025, which had been the worst year in recent history with more than 2,200 confirmed cases. Ongoing outbreaks have put the U.S. at risk of losing its officialmeasles elimination status, which it has held since 2000.
Measles is one of the most contagious infectious diseases. In some cases, it can causesevere infectionsin the lungs and brain that can lead to cognitive issues, deafness or death. But it can be prevented by vaccination, which medical research has proven to be safe and highly effective.
The CBS News data team has tracked confirmed measles cases nationwide as new data is released by state health departments and the CDC.
Out of the 2,289 confirmed cases last year, more than 750 were connected to an outbreak in West Texas that led tothe deaths oftwo children.
Prior to 2025, the highest number of confirmed cases in the U.S. in recent years was 1,274 in 2019, driven by outbreaks in New York, California and Washington state. Most years the total was much lower.
Health experts point to lower vaccination rates as the main reason for increases in preventableinfectious diseases like measles. The vast majority of cases have been in people who were unvaccinated, and outbreaks have spread in communities with lower vaccination rates.
CDC data shows about 93% of kindergartners in the U.S. were vaccinated against measles during the 2021-2022 school year and only 92.7% in the 2023-2024 school year. This isdown from 95.2% during the 2019-2020 school year — a critical threshold to keep people safe. Only 10 states hit that threshold.
“When more than 95% of people in a community are vaccinated, most people are protected through community immunity (herd immunity),” the CDC states.
“I think that parents, for most kids, especially for the measles vaccines, the DTP, all the standard childhood vaccines, it’s very important that parents vaccinate their kids,” Dr. Jay Bhattacharya, the director of the National Institutes of Health,said on “Face the Nation with Margaret Brennan.”
Researchhas found no evidenceof increased rates of autism among those who are vaccinated compared to those who are not.Vaccinesalso undergo intensive safety testing.
Edited by Paula Cohen and Melissa Gaffney
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