2026-09-24T17:59:50.142Z / 路透社
华盛顿/纽约，9月24日（路透社）——据三位知情人士透露，近期美国能源部长克里斯·赖特已联系了几家美国大型炼油商的高管，以征询他们对自愿限制柴油出口的支持态度。目前特朗普政府正在寻找短期出口禁令之外的替代方案。
这项自愿争取企业支持的举措凸显了白宫面临的选择余地有限。眼下燃油价格飙升推高了通胀，并随着11月关键中期选举的临近，开始对整体经济产生连锁影响。
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限制柴油出口的举措还可能与今年以来利润丰厚的炼油商股东产生潜在冲突。
唐纳德·特朗普政府正面临降低柴油价格的政治压力，但更激进的措施如出口禁令可能会扰乱炼油厂运营，并推高其他燃料的价格，这促使官员们寻求在不引发其他新问题的前提下增加国内柴油供应的方法。美国是全球最大的柴油出口国。
特朗普周二表示，他支持限制柴油出口，这一举措令高级官员感到意外，并引发了对替代措施的搜寻。赖特周二在纽约发表讲话时称，禁止出口是个糟糕的主意，他更倾向于自愿举措，但未提供具体细节。
知情人士未透露赖特接触过哪些企业，目前也不清楚政府寻求的自愿减产形式，以及此类安排将如何被监督或执行。目前也不清楚该行业对这项请求的反应如何，而该行业正受益于强劲的需求和创纪录的出口收入。
美国能源部发言人本·迪德德里奇在被问及政府争取炼油商自愿限制出口的努力时表示：“包括赖特部长在内的特朗普政府，仍在密切合作，考虑各种方案，以帮助美国民众降低能源成本。”
他补充道：“最终，特朗普总统将做出最终决定。”
根据美国汽车协会（AAA）的数据，受伊朗和乌克兰战争相关 disruption 导致全球供应收紧影响，美国柴油价格已攀升至每加仑约6.52美元。根据美国能源信息署的数据，上周美国柴油库存低于9700万桶，比五年季节性平均水平低约13%。
部分共和党人呼吁实施禁令
特朗普呼吁限制出口之前，其所在政党中依赖农业和其他柴油密集型产业的州的议员们施加了越来越大的压力。在中期选举前夕，飙升的燃油成本已成为一个政治议题。包括爱荷华州参议员查克·格拉斯利在内的共和党议员以及竞争激烈选区的候选人，都呼吁限制出口，以缓解农民和其他柴油用户的成本压力。
美国石油协会以及30多个商业、能源和制造业团体周三敦促特朗普拒绝限制柴油和其他燃料出口的呼吁。
该行业辩称，美国炼油商，尤其是墨西哥湾沿岸的炼油商，生产的柴油超过该地区的消费量，依赖出口作为过剩产能的出路。限制这些销售可能会填满储罐，并迫使炼油商减少加工的原油数量，从而削减柴油、汽油和喷气燃料的产量。
咨询公司伍德·麦肯齐负责石油市场的高级副总裁艾伦·盖尔德表示，这还可能增加对汽油进口的需求，潜在推高进口成本。
“美国柴油出口禁令的讽刺之处在于，它可能会增加美国消费者的成本，”盖尔德说。
“削减原油加工量以应对供应过剩，会将成本负担从柴油转移到汽油上，这意味着一项旨在缓解柴油泵价格压力的政策，最终可能会推高汽油泵的价格。”
经济数据公司IMPLAN的经济学家比约恩·马克森表示，出口禁令可能会在短期内降低价格，但如果炼油商削减产量以匹配需求，降幅可能是暂时的。
一位行业消息人士称，对任何形式的自愿计划的热情都很有限。
路透社联系了包括马拉松石油（MPC.N）、瓦莱罗能源（VLO.N）、雪佛龙（CVX.N）和埃克森美孚（XOM.N）在内的美国主要炼油企业，询问他们对出口禁令呼吁的看法以及对自愿限制措施的支持度。这些公司未立即回应。
菲利普斯66公司拒绝评论该公司是否曾被能源部门接洽。
西科公司表示，它已向政府提供了信息，并警告限制措施可能会产生严重后果。
“潜在的柴油出口禁令后果严重，尤其对美国墨西哥湾沿岸的炼油商而言，”该公司表示。
本报由华盛顿的贾勒特·伦肖和纽约的妮可·乔报道；内森·克鲁克斯和妮娅·威廉姆斯编辑
US energy secretary seeks refiners’ help amid narrow options to curb diesel price
2026-09-24T17:59:50.142Z / Reuters
WASHINGTON/NEW YORK, Sept 24 (Reuters) – US Energy Secretary Chris Wright has contacted executives at several major American refiners in recent days to gauge support for a voluntary restriction on diesel exports as the Trump administration searches for an alternative to a short-term ban, according to three people familiar with the discussions.
The effort to enlist companies voluntarily underscores the limited options available to the White House amid surging fuel prices that are pushing inflation higher and beginning to ripple through the broader economy as crucial November midterm elections approach.
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The push to restrict diesel exports also creates a potential clash with shareholders of refiners that have enjoyed bumper profits this year.
President Donald Trump’s administration is under political pressure to lower diesel prices, but more aggressive measures such as an export ban could disrupt refinery operations and raise the price of other fuels, leaving officials searching for ways to increase domestic diesel supplies without creating new problems elsewhere. The US is the world’s largest diesel exporter.
Trump said on Tuesday that he supported restricting diesel exports, a move that surprised senior officials and kicked off a search for alternative measures. Speaking in New York on Tuesday, Wright said banning exports was a bad idea and he preferred a voluntary effort, but did not provide specifics.
The people familiar with the discussions did not name the companies contacted by Wright and it was not immediately clear what type of voluntary reductions the administration was seeking or how such an arrangement would be monitored or enforced. It was also unclear how the request was received by an industry that is benefiting from strong demand and record export revenues.
“The Trump administration, including Secretary Wright, continue to work closely together as they consider a variety of options to help lower energy costs for the American people,” said Department of Energy spokesman Ben Dietderich, when asked about the administration’s effort to get refiners to voluntarily limit exports.
“Ultimately, President Trump will make the final decisions,” he added.
US diesel prices have climbed to about $6.52 a gallon, according to AAA, as disruptions tied to the wars in Iran and Ukraine have tightened global supplies. US diesel inventories were below 97 million barrels last week, about 13% below the five-year seasonal average, according to Energy Information Administration data.
SOME REPUBLICANS CALL FOR BAN
Trump’s call for restrictions follows growing pressure from his fellow Republicans in states reliant on farming and other diesel-intensive industries, where soaring fuel costs have become a political issue ahead of the midterm elections. Republican lawmakers including Iowa Senator Chuck Grassley and candidates in competitive races have called for restricting exports as a way to ease costs for farmers and other diesel users.
The American Petroleum Institute and more than 30 business, energy and manufacturing groups urged Trump on Wednesday to reject calls to limit diesel and other fuel exports.
The industry argues that US refiners, particularly those along the Gulf Coast, produce more diesel than the region consumes and rely on exports as an outlet for the surplus. Restricting those sales could fill storage tanks and force refiners to reduce the amount of crude they process, cutting production of diesel as well as gasoline and jet fuel.
Alan Gelder, senior vice president for oil markets at consultancy Wood Mackenzie, said it could also increase the need for gasoline imports, potentially at higher costs.
“The irony of a US diesel export ban is that it would likely increase costs for American consumers,” Gelder said.
“Cutting crude runs to manage the oversupply would shift the cost burden from diesel to gasoline, meaning a policy designed to bring relief at the diesel pump could end up driving prices higher at the gasoline pump.”
An export ban could lower prices in the short-term, but the drop could be temporary if refiners cut production to match demand, according to Bjorn Markeson, an economist at economic data firm IMPLAN.
One industry source said enthusiasm for any kind of voluntary program was limited.
Reuters contacted major US refining companies, including Marathon (MPC.N), Valero (VLO.N), Chevron (CVX.N) and ExxonMobil (XOM.N), to ask about the calls for an export ban and their support for voluntary restrictions. Those companies did not immediately respond.
Phillips 66 declined to comment on whether the company has been approached by the Energy Department.
Citgo said it had provided information to the administration and warned restrictions could have significant consequences.
“The consequences of a potential diesel export ban are serious, particularly for refiners in the US Gulf Coast,” the company said.
Reporting By Jarrett Renshaw in Washington and Nicole Jao in New York; Editing by Nathan Crooks and Nia Williams
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