2026年7月30日 美国东部时间下午3:08 / 福克斯新闻
这场争议考验着特朗普与埃尔多安的私人关系能否凌驾于美国法律，以及对俄罗斯和哈马斯的担忧之上
作者：摩根·菲利普斯 福克斯新闻
在北约峰会期间，唐纳德·特朗普总统宣称美土关系“比以往任何时候都要好”，尽管F-35战机问题存在担忧。然而，以色列总理本雅明·内塔尼亚胡警告称土耳其支持哈马斯。《华尔街日报》的奥利维亚·比弗斯详细报道了共和党人对特朗普立场的不满，指出有幕后渠道反对此举，认为这可能改变中东力量平衡。
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唐纳德·特朗普总统已为向土耳其出售美国引以为傲的F-35战机敞开大门，他称赞土耳其总统雷杰普·塔伊普·埃尔多安，并承诺解除因安卡拉购买俄罗斯导弹防御系统而实施的制裁。
但美国国务院致国会的一封信明确表示，土耳其尚未采取接收这款先进战机所需的法律步骤。
“土耳其尚未满足这些条件，”国务院在7月22日的信中称，该信件首先由希腊报纸《卡蒂梅里尼》获得。
特朗普或将把珍贵隐形战机交给曾被视为联盟麻烦的北约盟友
土耳其总统雷杰普·塔伊普·埃尔多安在安卡拉机场迎接美国总统唐纳德·特朗普，特朗普于2026年7月7日在安卡拉举行的第36届北约国家元首和政府首脑峰会前夕对土耳其进行正式访问。（多根·坎辛利奇/泳池供图 路透社）
这封信称，美国法律禁止向土耳其转移F-35战机，除非安卡拉不再拥有俄罗斯制造的S-400系统或相关设备，承诺不再采购该系统，并满足国会设定的其余认证要求。
这一结论是在特朗普与埃尔多安在安卡拉北约峰会并肩出席活动数周后得出的，当时特朗普表示其政府将解除对土耳其的制裁，并考虑向其出售战机。
当被问及土耳其继续拥有S-400系统一事时，特朗普称：“我对与土耳其有关的任何事情都没有担忧。”
特朗普形容与安卡拉的关系“可能比以往任何时候都要好”，称土耳其“比其他一些国家更加忠诚”，并将潜在的F-35战机销售称为“当然是我们会考虑的事情”。
埃尔多安表示，土耳其此前已被承诺获得五架战机，并对特朗普表示信任。
“我知道特朗普先生总是信守承诺，”埃尔多安据路透社报道称。
这场争议的影响远不止一单武器销售。
土耳其是控制欧洲与中东之间通道的关键北约盟友，但它与俄罗斯和哈马斯的关系引发了华盛顿方面的疑虑：安卡拉能否被信任掌握美国最敏感的军事技术。此次结果将考验特朗普与埃尔多安的私人关系能否让土耳其重回西方防御体系——抑或是国会和国家安全方面的担忧会阻止这笔交易。
土耳其的雷杰普·塔伊普·埃尔多安是谁？这位北约最不可预测的领导人如何不断重塑自我
美国空军士兵于2011年7月14日在佛罗里达州埃格林空军基地首次观看F-35“闪电II”联合攻击战斗机进场降落。（塞缪尔·金小Jr./美国空军供图）
美国国务院一位发言人在背景保密的情况下告诉福克斯新闻数字频道，特朗普“承认土耳其的战略重要性”，其政府正鼓励安卡拉“解决悬而未决的问题”。
“土耳其是重要的北约盟友，我们继续就我们重要且多层面关系的各个方面进行接触，”这位发言人说。
前美国驻土耳其大使、前叙利亚问题特使詹姆斯·杰弗里表示，特朗普的立场既反映了他对埃尔多安的信任，也反映了他们在地区安全问题上的合作。
“特朗普非常支持这笔交易，因为他与埃尔多安合作融洽，信任他，并且在从利比亚、叙利亚、高加索到乌克兰以及与安卡拉达成库尔德工人党停火等一系列安全问题上取得了成功，”现为华盛顿特区研究所杰出研究员的杰弗里告诉福克斯新闻数字频道。
“他知道这对埃尔多安和所有土耳其人有多重要，不希望安卡拉转向俄罗斯或中国采购武器，”他说。
土耳其于2019年因从俄罗斯购买S-400系统而被排除在F-35战机研发项目之外。次年，美国根据《反击美国对手制裁法案》实施了制裁。
美国官员辩称，将俄罗斯这套系统与F-35一同部署可能会让莫斯科收集有关这款隐形战机的敏感信息。
杰弗里表示，土耳其必须真正放弃S-400系统，但他指出法律并未明确规定具体方式。
“当然，将其转移到另一个国家将符合法律和技术要求，”他说。
国防民主基金会土耳其项目主任辛南·奇迪同意，将S-400系统转移到第三国可以启动让土耳其重回该项目的进程。但他表示，安卡拉还必须保证不会再次寻求俄罗斯主要军事装备，或维持可能危及这款战机的关系。
特朗普押注这位前北约麻烦制造者，土耳其战略价值飙升
- 俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔·普京于2024年10月23日在喀山金砖国家峰会间隙与土耳其总统雷杰普·塔伊普·埃尔多安会面。（亚历山大·泽姆利亚尼琴科/泳池供图 法新社 盖蒂图片社）
有报道称阿拉伯联合酋长国可能是S-400系统的接收目的地。但奇迪表示，目前没有确认阿布扎比会接受这套系统。
他说，阿联酋必须考虑收购俄罗斯这套系统是否会触发美国的惩罚，或危及获得其他美国武器的渠道。俄罗斯也可能反对土耳其在未获莫斯科批准的情况下转移该系统。
杰弗里表示，埃尔多安可能准备抵制俄罗斯的压力，因为F-35战机既是一个声望问题，也是土耳其的重要军事需求——土耳其空军严重依赖F-16战机。
奇迪认为，解决S-400争端不应自动为出售扫清道路。
“导致土耳其被排除在F-35项目之外的S-400问题只是底线，而非上限，”奇迪说，他指出安卡拉与哈马斯的关系、与俄罗斯的持续联系、使用中国电信技术以及与希腊、塞浦路斯和以色列等美国盟友的紧张关系都是额外的障碍。
国务院的信件反映了政府对安卡拉的矛盾态度。
信中重申土耳其在法律上仍无资格获得F-35战机，同时赞扬其支持美国在俄罗斯与乌克兰、阿塞拜疆与亚美尼亚、加沙以及打击“伊斯兰国”行动中的外交努力。
信中称，土耳其利用其与哈马斯政治领导层的关系，帮助确保各方接受特朗普的加沙和平计划，并推进停火第一阶段。
与此同时，信中警告称，哈马斯继续利用土耳其境内的金融渠道获取资金。
“哈马斯利用土耳其境内的非正规金融网络和无牌照兑换店获取资金仍是一个担忧，我们致力于切断这些非法融资渠道，”国务院称。
杰弗里表示，这些与哈马斯的联系可能会在国会引发反对，但对特朗普来说可能没那么大分量，因为他的政府在加沙外交中依赖安卡拉的帮助。
奇迪将这封信解读为并非拒绝土耳其回归，而是发出一个信号：如果安卡拉满足法律要求，政府准备推进相关事宜。
“我认为这封信是想向国会传达：‘听着，一旦土耳其达到《国防授权法案》的法律要求，我们就可以继续推进销售，’”他说。
国会可能仍是最大的障碍。议员们已禁止在土耳其拥有S-400系统期间进行转移，据Axios报道，近期一个由两党18名议员组成的团体敦促国会领导人在当前条件下阻止任何销售。
这一问题也具有地区影响。据报道，以色列已敦促特朗普不要向土耳其出售战机，担心随着埃尔多安与以色列总理本雅明·内塔尼亚胡之间的紧张关系升级，此举可能削弱以色列的质量军事优势。
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2025年9月3日，在波兰总统卡罗尔·纳夫罗茨基访问华盛顿特区期间，F-35战机飞越白宫。特朗普与纳夫罗茨基讨论了这次飞越，以纪念近期在训练中牺牲的一名波兰飞行员，称其为“传奇人物”。（奥利弗·孔特雷拉斯/法新社 盖蒂图片社）
目前，国务院的态度很明确：特朗普可能支持这笔交易，但埃尔多安必须首先交出导致土耳其被排除在该项目之外的俄罗斯系统。
国务院和土耳其驻华盛顿大使馆未回应福克斯新闻数字频道的置评请求。
Trump pushes F-35 sale to Turkey, but his own State Department says Erdoğan hasn’t met legal requirements
July 30, 2026 3:08pm EDT / Fox News
The dispute tests whether Trump’s ties with Erdoğan can overcome US law and concerns over Russia and Hamas
By Morgan Phillips Fox News
Amidst the NATO summit, President Donald Trump asserts the U.S. relationship with Turkey is ‘better than it’s ever been’ despite F-35 concerns. However, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu warns Turkey supports Hamas. Wall Street Journal’s Olivia Beavers details Republican discomfort with Trump’s stance, noting backchannel pushback against potentially shifting the Middle East’s balance of power.
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President Donald Trump has opened the door to selling Turkey the U.S.’ prized F-35 fighter jet, praising Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan and promising to remove sanctions imposed over Ankara’s purchase of a Russian missile defense system.
But a State Department letter to Congress makes clear that Turkey has not taken the steps legally required to receive the advanced fighter.
“Turkey has not yet met these conditions,” the department said in the July 22 letter, first obtained by the Greek newspaper Kathimerini.
TRUMP COULD HAND PRIZED STEALTH JETS TO NATO ALLY ONCE SEEN AS ALLIANCE HEADACHE
Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan welcomes US President Donald Trump at Ankara Airport, who is paying an official visit to Turkey ahead of the 36th NATO Heads of State and Government Summit in Ankara, Turkey, on July 07, 2026.(Dogukan Keskinkilic/Pool via REUTERS)
The letter said U.S. law prohibits the transfer of F-35 aircraft to Turkey until Ankara no longer possesses the Russian-made S-400 system or associated equipment, promises not to acquire it again and satisfies the remaining certification requirements established by Congress.
The finding came weeks after Trump stood alongside Erdoğan at the NATO summit in Ankara and said his administration would lift sanctions on Turkey and consider selling it the aircraft.
Asked about Turkey’s continued possession of the S-400, Trump said, “I have no concerns about anything having to do with Turkey.”
Trump described relations with Ankara as “better probably than it’s ever been,” said Turkey had been “much more loyal” than some other countries and called a potential F-35 sale “certainly something we will consider.”
Erdoğan said Turkey previously has been promised five aircraft and expressed confidence in Trump.
“I know that Mr. Trump always keeps his promises,” Erdoğan said, according to Reuters.
The dispute matters far beyond a single weapons sale.
Turkey is a pivotal NATO ally controlling access between Europe and the Middle East, but its ties to Russia and Hamas have fueled doubts in Washington about whether Ankara can be trusted with America’s most sensitive military technology. The outcome will test whether Trump’s personal relationship with Erdoğan can bring Turkey back into the Western defense fold — or whether Congress and national security concerns will block the deal.
WHO IS TURKEY’S RECEP TAYYIP ERDOĞAN? HOW NATO’S MOST UNPREDICTABLE LEADER KEEPS REINVENTING HIMSELF
A U.S. airmen watches an Air Force F-35 Lightning II joint strike fighter aircraft approach for the first time on July 14, 2011 at Eglin Air Force Base in Florida.(Samuel King Jr./U.S. Air Force)
A State Department spokesperson told Fox News Digital on background that Trump “recognizes the strategic importance of Türkiye” and that his administration is encouraging Ankara “to resolve pending issues.”
“Türkiye is a valued NATO ally, and we continue to engage on all aspects of our important and multi-faceted relationship,” the spokesperson said.
James Jeffrey, a former U.S. ambassador to Turkey and former special representative for Syria engagement, said Trump’s position reflects both his trust in Erdoğan and their cooperation on regional security issues.
“Trump is very much for this as he works well with Erdoğan and trusts him and has succeeded together on a host of security issues from Libya to Syria to Caucasus to Ukraine and PKK ceasefire with Ankara,” Jeffrey, now a distinguished fellow at The Washington Institute, told Fox News Digital.
“He knows how important this is to Erdoğan and all Turks and doesn’t want Ankara to turn to Russia or China for weapons,” he said.
Turkey was removed from the F-35 development program in 2019 after purchasing the S-400 from Russia. The United States imposed sanctions the following year under the Countering America’s Adversaries Through Sanctions Act.
U.S. officials have argued that operating the Russian system alongside the F-35 could allow Moscow to collect sensitive information about the stealth aircraft.
Jeffrey said Turkey would have to genuinely relinquish the S-400 but noted that the law does not specify exactly how.
“Certainly transferring to another country would meet the legal and technical requirement,” he said.
Sinan Ciddi, director of the Turkey Program at the Foundation for Defense of Democracies, agreed that a third-country transfer could begin the process of restoring Turkey to the program. But he said Ankara would also have to provide guarantees that it would not again seek major Russian military equipment or maintain ties that could compromise the aircraft.
TRUMP BETS ON FORMER NATO TROUBLEMAKER AS TURKEY’S STRATEGIC VALUE SURGES
- Russia’s President Vladimir Putin meets with Turkey’s President Recep Tayyip Erdogan on the sidelines of the BRICS summit in Kazan on October 23, 2024.(ALEXANDER ZEMLIANICHENKO/POOL/AFP via Getty Images)
Reports have suggested the United Arab Emirates as a possible destination for the S-400. Ciddi said, however, that there is no confirmation Abu Dhabi would accept it.
The UAE would have to consider whether acquiring the Russian system could trigger U.S. penalties or jeopardize access to other American weapons, he said. Russia could also object to Turkey transferring the system without Moscow’s approval.
Jeffrey said Erdoğan is likely prepared to resist Russian pressure because the F-35 is both a prestige issue and an important military need for Turkey, whose air force relies heavily on F-16 aircraft.
Ciddi argued that resolving the S-400 dispute should not automatically clear the way for a sale.
“The S-400 issue that led to Turkey’s removal from the F-35 program is the floor, not the ceiling,” Ciddi said, pointing to Ankara’s relationship with Hamas, continued ties with Russia, use of Chinese telecommunications technology and tensions with U.S. partners including Greece, Cyprus and Israel as additional obstacles.
The State Department letter reflected the administration’s competing views of Ankara.
While reiterating that Turkey remains legally ineligible for the F-35, the department credited it with supporting US diplomatic efforts involving Russia and Ukraine, Azerbaijan and Armenia, Gaza and counter-ISIS operations.
The letter said Turkey used its relationship with Hamas’ political leadership to help secure acceptance of Trump’s Gaza peace plan and advance the first phase of a ceasefire.
At the same time, it warned that Hamas continues to use financial channels operating from Turkish territory.
“Hamas’ use of informal financial networks and unlicensed exchange houses in Turkey to access funds remains a concern, and we are committed to disrupting these illicit financing streams,” the State Department said.
Jeffrey said those Hamas ties could generate opposition in Congress but may carry less weight with Trump because his administration has relied on Ankara in Gaza diplomacy.
Ciddi interpreted the letter not as a rejection of Turkey’s return, but as a signal that the administration is prepared to move forward if Ankara meets the legal requirements.
“I think the letter is trying to convey to Congress, ‘Look, once Turkey makes good on the legal requirements of the NDAA, we can proceed with the sale,’” he said.
Congress could still be the most significant obstacle. Lawmakers have prohibited the transfer while Turkey possesses the S-400, and a bipartisan group of 18 House members recently urged congressional leaders to block any sale under current conditions, according to Axios.
The issue also has regional implications. Israel reportedly has pressed Trump not to provide Turkey with the aircraft, amid fears that a sale could weaken Israel’s qualitative military edge as tensions between Erdoğan and Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu deepen.
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F-35 fighter aircrafts fly over the White House during Polish President Karol Nawrocki’s visit in Washington, DC on September 3, 2025. Trump and Nawrocki discussed the flyover in memory of a Polish pilot who recently died in training, calling him a “legend.”(Oliver Contreras/AFP via Getty Images.)
For now, the State Department’s message is clear: Trump may favor the sale, but Erdoğan must first surrender the Russian system that caused Turkey’s expulsion from the program.
The State Department and Turkish Embassy in Washington did not respond to Fox News Digital’s requests for comment.
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