2026年2月11日 / 美国东部时间上午11:14 / CBS新闻
格雷格·皮里奥(Greg Pirio)十多年前在弗吉尼亚州北部郊区购置了房产，从未想过自己的邻居会是一座大型数据中心。
在劳登县(Loudoun County)，像这样的数据中心大约有200座，该县被认为是全球数据中心之都。
特朗普总统已签署行政令，旨在加快联邦层面的数据中心审批流程，并试图限制相关法规，以在人工智能竞赛中加强基础设施建设。
“这里最终只会有一个赢家，可能是美国或中国，”特朗普在12月签署一项旨在限制州层面人工智能监管的行政命令时表示。
“我们将迎来大量投资，但如果他们必须从50个不同的州获得50项不同的批准，那你就别想了，因为这根本不可能做到，尤其是如果有一些敌对势力从中作梗的话。只要有一个敌对行为者，你就无法完成。所以这毫无意义，”总统说道。
皮里奥将数据中心建设热潮比作第二次工业革命，但他表示，这无疑会对周边房主产生影响。他和他的社区担心数据中心持续的噪音、现场发电厂的空气污染以及不断上涨的电费。
长期来看，他还担心房产价值会受到影响。
“就像全国许多其他人一样，你知道，那是我们储蓄的地方，是我们世代财富的所在地，”他表示。
约翰·麦考利夫(John McAuliffe)认为，正是这个问题帮助他在去年秋天当选弗吉尼亚州众议院议员，代表弗吉尼亚州福奎尔县(Fauquier)和劳登县的部分地区。他将这个席位从共和党手中转为民主党。
“民众正在觉醒，”麦考利夫说，“我认为，如果你的社区里有这些数据中心，你就会开始意识到它们带来的影响。”
他表示，在挨家挨户走访选民时，这个问题成为他接触到的首要议题，并且他在竞选广告中也将其作为重要议题。
作为新宣誓就职的州众议员，麦考利夫目前正推动立法，确保居民无需为电费成本买单。
“我认为这是一个重要的产业。我不是说他们应该全部撤离，但我是说，如果你们要进入一个社区并从该社区获取资源，那么你们就必须愿意回馈这个社区，”他表示。
他还提出了法案，以解决数据中心现场备用发电机引发的分区规划和环境问题。
支持该行业的“数据中心联盟”(Data Center Coalition)的丹·迪奥里奥(Dan Diorio)表示，该行业致力于承担自身成本并努力减轻对社区的影响。
“数据中心行业致力于成为负责任的合作伙伴，”迪奥里奥说。
他还指出，该行业为社区带来了创造就业和增加地方税收等显著益处。劳登县称，该行业是当地经济的重要组成部分，贡献了全县近一半的财产税收入。
迪奥里奥还认为，数据中心的需求不会消失。
“数字基础设施是21世纪经济的支柱。它日益成为确保美国全球经济竞争力的关键部分，”他说，“这是国家安全的当务之急。这些都是我们的数据，我们希望将其存储在这里。”
美国人口普查局表示，2023年至2024年间，数据中心建设支出增长了55%以上。根据ConstructConnect的数据，投入最多的州包括路易斯安那州、弗吉尼亚州、密西西比州、德克萨斯州和亚利桑那州。
然而，许多受此影响最直接的居民正在呼吁加强监管。
“让我们放慢速度，以便我们能以一种既有助于社区又不会损害社区的方式推进此事，”皮里奥说。
https://www.cbsnews.com/video/americans-concerned-ai-data-center-boom/
Data center building boom stirs pushback in state and local politics
February 11, 2026 / 11:14 AM EST / CBS News
Greg Pirio bought his home in the northern Virginia suburbs more than a dozen years ago, never imagining a massive data center would be his neighbor.
It’s one of around 200 such facilities in Loudoun County, considered the data center capital of the world.
President Trump has signed executive action to fast-track federal data center permitting and try to limit regulations in an effort to bolster infrastructure in the AI race.
“There’s only going to be one winner here, and that’s probably going to be the U.S. or China,” Mr. Trump said as he signed an executive order in December aimed at limiting AI regulations at the state level.
“We have the big investment coming, but if they had to get 50 different approvals from 50 different states, you can forget it, because it’s not possible to do, especially if you have some hostile. All you need is one hostile actor and you wouldn’t be able to do it. So it doesn’t make sense,” the president said.
Pirio compares the data center construction boom to a second Industrial Revolution, but he says it’s not without impacts to neighboring homeowners. He and his community have concerns about constant noise from the center, air pollution from an on-site power plant and rising electricity costs.
Long-term, he worries about property values.
“Like so many other people in the country, you know, that’s where our savings are, where we have our generational wealth,” he said.
It’s an issue that John McAuliff believes helped him get elected to the state House last fall, representing parts of Fauquier and Loudoun counties. He flipped the seat from Republican to Democratic.
“Folks are waking up,” said McAuliffe. “I think that it is something that if you have these in your community, you’re starting to realize the impacts.”
He says it emerged as a top issue for voters he talked to while door-knocking in neighborhoods, and he made it a prominent issue in his campaign ads.
As a newly sworn-in delegate, McAuliffe is now pushing for legislation aimed at making sure residents don’t foot the bill for electricity costs.
“I think it’s an important industry. I’m not saying they should all get out and leave, but I am saying that if you’re going to come into a community and you’re going to take resources out of that community, then you have to be willing to give back to that community,” he said.
He also has proposed bills to address zoning and environmental concerns stemming from the data centers’ backup generators on site.
Dan Diorio of the Data Center Coalition, which advocates for the industry, says the industry is committed to covering its costs and working to mitigate community impacts.
“The data center industry is committed to being a responsible partner,” said Diorio.
He also points to significant community benefits from job creation and local revenue raised. Loudoun County describes the industry as an important part of the local economy, generating almost half of the county’s property tax revenues.
Diorio also argues the demand isn’t going away.
“Digital infrastructure is the backbone of the 21st century economy. Increasingly, it is an essential part of ensuring the United States’ global economic competitiveness,” he said. “It’s a national security imperative. This is all of our data. We want it stored here.”
The U.S. Census Bureau says data center construction spending increased over 55% between 2023 and 2024. The top states for that spending include Louisiana, Virginia, Mississippi, Texas and Arizona, according to ConstructConnect.
However, many of those living closest to the issue are pleading for more oversight.
“Let’s slow things down so that we can do it in a way that’s gonna help communities, not damage them,” said Pirio.
https://www.cbsnews.com/video/americans-concerned-ai-data-center-boom/
作者：保罗·施泰因豪泽 | 福克斯新闻
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