2026-06-23T22:54:14.543Z / https://www.reuters.com/world/us/us-senate-votes-halt-iran-war-bucking-trump-2026-06-23/
华盛顿6月23日路透电——美国参议院周二通过一项法案，指示唐纳德·特朗普总统停止美国对伊朗的军事行动，这是日益躁动的国会对这位共和党总统的最新一次斥责。
参议院以50票赞成、48票反对通过了这项战争权力决议，该决议于本月早些时候在众议院获得通过。这反映出，就连特朗普的一些共和党同僚也对这场始于2月28日的不受欢迎的战争日益感到担忧。
订阅路透社美国政治新闻简报，获取美国政治及其对全球影响的每周新闻与分析。点击此处注册。
这是自1973年《战争权力决议》（通常称为《战争权力法》）颁布以来，美国国会参众两院首次通过决议，指示总统将美国武装部队从敌对行动中撤出。
尽管该决议可能在很大程度上仍具有象征意义，但此次投票对特朗普来说是一次挫折。直到最近，特朗普还几乎获得了国会共和党议员的一致支持。
此次投票之际，美国政府预计将要求国会拨款数百亿美元用于这场战争。
特朗普所在的共和党在参众两院都仅占微弱多数，但在11月中期选举前的一系列议题上，已有几名共和党议员与总统分道扬镳。此次选举将决定共和党是否能保留对国会的控制权。
近期，一些共和党议员反对特朗普提出的18亿美元“反武器化”基金，该基金用于补偿他所称的遭到联邦当局针对的政治盟友；他们还搁置了一项用于资助其移民打击行动的700亿美元法案。
路透社/益普索周二公布的民调结果显示，仅有四分之一的美国人认为对伊朗战争值得付出代价，多数人担心与德黑兰达成的停火协议不太可能持久。
参议院投票基本沿党派立场进行，四名共和党议员与除一人外的所有民主党议员投了赞成票。两名共和党参议员未参与投票。
宪法层面的不确定性
特朗普政府正在就与伊朗达成和平协议进行谈判。国会对该决议的支持可能会向总统施压，迫使其不会恢复敌对行动，而特朗普曾暗示，如果谈判失败，他可能会恢复敌对行动。
根据1973年的《战争权力法》，由参众两院通过的共同决议无需提交白宫由特朗普签署。1973年的法律规定，国会将此类决议作为结束军事行动的一种机制。
但法律专家表示，这一问题仍未定论。此前从未有任何战争权力决议在参众两院同时获得通过，而1983年最高法院的一项裁决称，此类措施必须提交总统签署或否决，才能具有法律效力。
白宫坚称《战争权力法》不符合宪法，因此不具有约束力。
周二，一名白宫官员表示，参议院投票毫无意义，因为该决议无需提交总统，且不具备法律效力，此次投票得以通过仅仅是因为两名共和党议员缺席。
该官员还表示，该决议指示特朗普将美军从敌对行动中撤出，但白宫称美军已于4月7日通过停火协议结束了军事行动。
专家表示，《战争权力法》的合宪性问题可能将在法庭上得到解决。
“行政部门可能会以宪法为由无视该决议，而且目前尚不清楚谁有资格提起诉讼以强制执行该决议，”布鲁金斯学会高级研究员、在线法律出版物《战争法》高级编辑斯科特·安德森说道。
众议院该决议的发起人、纽约州众议员格雷戈里·米克斯表示，他认为该决议具有约束力，并将采取一切法律途径确保政府遵守决议。
民主党议员还指出，美国宪法赋予国会而非总统发动战争的权利。“国会必须承担起这一责任，”弗吉尼亚州民主党参议员蒂姆·凯恩在敦促支持该决议的演讲中说道。
支持微弱但意义重大
该决议在众议院获得通过时，共和党支持票同样寥寥无几。当时的投票结果为215票赞成、208票反对，四名共和党议员与全体民主党议员投了赞成票。
投赞成票的四名共和党参议员分别是缅因州的苏珊·柯林斯、肯塔基州的兰德·保罗、路易斯安那州的比尔·卡西迪和阿拉斯加州的丽莎·穆尔科斯基。民主党参议员、宾夕法尼亚州的约翰·费特曼投了反对票。
共和党议员、肯塔基州的米奇·麦康奈尔和宾夕法尼亚州的戴维·麦科米克未参与此次投票。
民主党议员承诺将就战争权力措施进行更多投票，表示他们希望迫使共和党议员就战争问题公开表态。
此外，根据2015年通过的一项法律，如果和平协议涉及伊朗核计划，国会有权对任何与德黑兰达成的和平协议进行审议并投票。2015年时任总统巴拉克·奥巴马曾与伊朗及其他世界大国谈判达成一项核协议。
参议院共和党多数党领袖、南达科他州的约翰·图恩周二表示，他预计国会将对最终达成的伊朗和平协议进行审议并投票。
帕特丽夏·曾格勒报道；理查德·考恩、特雷弗·汉尼卡特补充报道；桑吉夫·米格拉尼、唐·杜菲编辑
US Senate joins House in voting to halt Iran war, rebuking Trump
2026-06-23T22:54:14.543Z / https://www.reuters.com/world/us/us-senate-votes-halt-iran-war-bucking-trump-2026-06-23/
WASHINGTON, June 23 (Reuters) – The U.S. Senate backed legislation on Tuesday directing President Donald Trump to halt U.S. military action against Iran, the latest rebuke of the Republican president from an increasingly restive Congress.
The Senate voted 50-48 in favor of the war powers resolution, which passed the House of Representatives early this month, reflecting growing concern even among some of Trump’s Republicans about the unpopular conflict that began on February 28.
Get weekly news and analysis on U.S. politics and how it matters to the world with the Reuters Politics U.S. newsletter. Sign up here.
It was the first time both chambers of Congress had passed a resolution directing a president to remove U.S. armed forces from hostilities since the War Powers Resolution, more commonly known as the War Powers Act, was enacted in 1973.
While likely to remain largely symbolic, the vote was a setback for Trump, who until recently had enjoyed near-unanimous support from Republican members of Congress.
It also comes as the administration is expected to ask Congress to authorize tens of billions of dollars to pay for the war.
Trump’s Republicans hold slim majorities in both the Senate and House, but a few have broken with the president on a handful of issues ahead of mid-term elections in November, which will determine whether the party will retain control of Congress.
Some Republicans recently balked at Trump’s $1.8 billion “antiweaponization” fund to compensate political allies he says have been targeted by federal authorities and stalled a $70 billion bill to fund his immigration crackdown.
Reuters/Ipsos poll results released on Tuesday showed that just one in four Americans believe the war with Iran was worth its costs, and a majority worry that a truce with Tehran is unlikely to last.
The Senate vote was largely along party lines, with four Republicans joining all but one Democrat in favor. Two Republican senators did not vote.
CONSTITUTIONAL UNCERTAINTY
Trump’s administration is working to negotiate a peace agreement with Iran. Support for the resolution in Congress is likely to put pressure on the president not to resume hostilities, something he has suggested he might do if negotiations falter.
Under the 1973 War Powers Act, the concurrent resolution – passed by both the House and Senate – does not go to the White House for Trump’s signature. In the 1973 law, Congress intended such resolutions as a mechanism for ending military operations.
But legal experts said the issue remains unsettled. No war powers resolution had previously passed both chambers of Congress and a 1983 Supreme Court ruling said such a measure must be submitted for a president’s signature or veto to have legal effect.
The White House has insisted the War Powers Act is not constitutional and thus not binding.
On Tuesday, a White House official said the Senate vote has no significance because the resolutions do not go to the president and have no force of law and the measure passed only because two Republicans were absent.
The official also said the resolution directs Trump to remove U.S. forces from hostilities, which the White House says were terminated with a ceasefire on April 7.
Experts say the constitutionality of the War Powers Act likely will be settled in the courts.
“The executive branch will likely ignore it on constitutional grounds, and it’s not clear who might have standing to sue to enforce it,” said Scott Anderson, a senior fellow at the Brookings Institution and senior editor of the online legal publication Lawfare.
Representative Gregory Meeks of New York, who sponsored the resolution in the House, said he viewed the resolution as binding and would pursue all legal avenues to ensure that the administration complies.
Democrats also noted that the U.S. Constitution gives Congress, not the president, the right to take the country to war. “Congress has to own this responsibility,” Democratic Senator Tim Kaine of Virginia said in a speech urging support for the measure.
SLIM, BUT SIGNIFICANT, SUPPORT
The resolution had also passed the House with slim Republican support. The tally there was 215-208 with four Republicans and every Democrat voting in favor.
The four Republican senators who voted for the measure were Susan Collins of Maine, Rand Paul of Kentucky, Bill Cassidy of Louisiana and Lisa Murkowski of Alaska. Democratic Senator John Fetterman of Pennsylvania voted against it.
Republicans Mitch McConnell of Kentucky and David McCormick of Pennsylvania missed the vote.
Democratic lawmakers have promised additional votes on war powers measures, saying they want to force Republicans to go on the record about the war.
Additionally, Congress has the right to review and vote on any peace agreement with Tehran if it affects Iran’s nuclear program, under a 2015 law passed as then-President Barack Obama negotiated a nuclear agreement with Iran and other world powers.
Senate Republican Majority Leader John Thune of South Dakota said on Tuesday he expected Congress would review and vote on an eventual Iran peace deal.
Reporting by Patricia Zengerle; additional reporting by Richard Cowan and Trevor Hunnicutt; Editing by Sanjeev Miglani and Don Durfee