2026-07-14 12:40:09 UTC / 路透社
作者：露西娅·穆蒂卡尼
2026年7月14日 12:40 UTC 更新于7分钟前
2026年5月21日，美国宾夕法尼亚州费城，纪念日前周末民众在Sunoco加油站购买汽油。路透社/赛思·赫拉德 图片授权许可，打开新标签页
- 概要
- 消费者物价指数6月同比上涨3.5%，低于市场预期的3.8%涨幅
- 汽油价格下跌是消费者物价指数涨幅放缓的主要原因
- 剔除食品和能源价格后，消费者物价指数同比上涨2.6%
华盛顿7月14日路透电 —— 美国劳工部周二公布的数据显示，6月美国消费者通胀增速超预期放缓，因能源价格回落，但此次放缓不足以让金融市场打消对美联储今年加息的预期，背景是中东地区重新爆发冲突。
周二公布的消费者物价指数还显示，受机动车保险、通讯、服装、医疗保健以及二手车和卡车价格下跌影响，上月核心通胀有所回落。
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美联储主席凯文·沃什周二在向国会准备的讲话中表示，美国中央银行“绝不容忍持续高企的通胀”。
“美联储在接下来几次会议上加息的可能性似乎降低了，”LPL Financial首席经济学家杰弗里·罗奇表示。“不过考虑到能源冲击可能蔓延到其他消费品类别，我们可能正处于一个拐点。在夏末前与伊朗达成积极解决方案正变得愈发重要。”
劳工部劳工统计局的数据显示，截至6月的12个月里，消费者物价指数同比上涨3.5%，仍处于高位；5月该指数同比上涨4.2%，为2023年4月以来最大同比涨幅。
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该指数环比下跌0.4%，为2020年4月以来首次环比下跌，5月该指数环比上涨0.5%。接受路透调查的经济学家此前预测，消费者物价指数同比上涨3.8%，环比下跌0.1%。
消费者物价指数回落主要反映了能源价格5.7%的跌幅，这是2020年4月以来最大月度跌幅；5月能源价格曾上涨3.9%，因上月美伊之间脆弱的停火协议生效。汽油价格大幅下跌9.7%。
然而，上周霍尔木兹海峡商用油轮遭袭击后，停火协议破裂，引发美伊之间军事打击。
因此汽油价格出现反转，据汽车爱好者组织AAA的数据，全国平均汽油价格从一周前的每加仑3.79美元升至周二的3.86美元。汽油价格同比上涨26.7%。
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美国股市开盘走高。美元兑一篮子货币汇率下跌。美国国债收益率走低。
油价再次上涨
随着美国重新对伊朗实施海上封锁，油价周二升至四周高位，未来价格可能进一步上涨。美国总统唐纳德·特朗普周一表示，美国将恢复对霍尔木兹海峡的封锁，该海峡是全球石油供应的关键航道，目前已成为冲突的主要战场之一。
食品价格环比上涨0.2%，与5月涨幅持平。6月食品价格同比上涨3.0%。杂货价格上涨0.2%，受鸡蛋价格4.3%的大幅上涨和乳制品价格1.2%的上涨推动。但非酒精饮料价格下跌1.5%，其中咖啡价格下跌2.0%。水果和蔬菜价格便宜了0.2%，但同比仍上涨5.3%。
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剔除波动较大的食品和能源成分后，6月消费者物价指数同比上涨2.6%，5月该指数同比上涨2.9%。所谓的核心消费者物价指数环比持平，5月该指数环比上涨0.2%。机动车保险价格继5月下跌1.7%后，本月再次下跌2.0%，抑制了核心通胀。通讯成本环比下降1.5%，服装价格下跌0.6%。
二手车和卡车价格小幅下跌0.2%。住房价格上涨0.1%，为2021年1月以来最小月度涨幅。业主等价租金上涨0.2%，而酒店和汽车旅馆房间价格下跌2.3%。娱乐价格上涨0.5%，家庭家具和用品价格上涨0.2%，个人护理成本同样上涨0.2%。
美联储以个人消费支出价格指数作为2%通胀目标的参考指标。金融市场预计美联储本月将基准利率维持在3.50%-3.75%区间不变。不过交易员们认为9月加息的概率为60%。
美国上一次通胀低于2%还是在2021年初。上周公布的美联储6月16日至17日会议纪要显示， policymakers上月对通胀的担忧加剧。
露西娅·穆蒂卡尼报道；奇祖·野山和安德里亚·里奇编辑
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US consumer inflation moderates in June as energy prices retreat
2026-07-14 12:40:09 UTC / Reuters
By Lucia Mutikani
July 14, 2026 12:40 PM UTC Updated 7 mins ago
People purchase gasoline at a Sunoco gas station ahead of the Memorial Day weekend in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S. May, 21 2026. REUTERS/Seth Herald Purchase Licensing Rights, opens new tab
- Consumer Price Index increases 3.5% year-on-year in June, below market expectations for a 3.8% rise
- Decline in gasoline prices accounts for most of the moderation in the CPI
- Excluding food and energy, the CPI rose 2.6% year-on-year
WASHINGTON, July 14 (Reuters) – U.S. consumer inflation slowed more than expected in June as energy prices retreated, but the moderation was insufficient to convince financial markets to take an interest rate increase from the Federal Reserve this year off the table against the backdrop of renewed conflict in the Middle East.
The Consumer Price Index from the Labor Department on Tuesday also showed underlying inflation subsiding last month amid declines in the costs of motor vehicle insurance, communication, apparel, healthcare as well as used cars and trucks.
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Fed Chair Kevin Warsh in prepared remarks to lawmakers on Tuesday said the U.S. central bank had “no tolerance for persistently elevated inflation.”
“It appears less likely that the Fed will raise rates over the next few meetings,” said Jeffrey Roach, chief economist at LPL Financial. “However, we may still be at an inflection point, given the risk that the energy shock could spill over into other categories of consumer prices. A positive resolution with Iran before the end of the summer is becoming increasingly important.”
The CPI increased by a still-high 3.5% in the 12 months through June after surging 4.2% in May, which was the largest year-on-year rise since April 2023, data from the Labor Department’s Bureau of Labor Statistics showed.
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The CPI fell 0.4% over the month, the first decline since April 2020, after advancing 0.5% in May. Economists polled by Reuters had forecast the CPI rising 3.8% year-on-year and dipping 0.1% on a monthly basis.
The pullback in the CPI mostly reflected a 5.7% drop in energy prices, the largest monthly decline since April 2020, after rising 3.9% in May as a fragile ceasefire between the U.S. and Iran took hold last month. Gasoline prices tumbled 9.7%.
The truce, however, collapsed last week after commercial tankers came under fire in the Strait of Hormuz, triggering military strikes between the United States and Iran.
Gasoline prices have reversed course as a result, with the national average rising to $3.86 a gallon on Tuesday from $3.79 a week ago, data from motorist advocacy group AAA showed. Gasoline prices rose 26.7% year-on-year.
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U.S. stocks opened higher. The dollar slipped against a basket of currencies. U.S. Treasury yields fell.
OIL PRICES ARE RISING AGAIN
Further increases are likely as oil prices rose to a four-week high on Tuesday after the U.S. reimposed a naval blockade of Iran. President Donald Trump said on Monday the United States would reinstate a blockade in the Strait of Hormuz, a vital route for global oil supplies, that has become one of the main battlegrounds of the conflict.
Food prices rose 0.2%, matching May’s gain. They advanced 3.0% year-on-year in June. Grocery prices climbed 0.2%, lifted by a 4.3% jump in the cost of eggs and a 1.2% increase in dairy products. But prices for nonalcoholic beverages fell 1.5%, with coffee declining 2.0%. Fruits and vegetables were 0.2% cheaper. They, however, increased 5.3% year-on-year.
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Excluding the volatile food and energy components, the CPI increased 2.6% year-on-year in June after rising 2.9% in May. The so-called core CPI inflation was unchanged over the month, after gaining 0.2% in May. Core inflation was restrained by a 2.0% drop in motor vehicle insurance, which followed a 1.7% decline in May. The cost of communication decreased 1.5% over the month while apparel prices fell 0.6%.
Prices for used cars and trucks slipped 0.2%. The cost of shelter rose 0.1%, the smallest monthly gain since January 2021. Owner’s equivalent rent increased 0.2%, while prices for hotel and motel rooms dropped 2.3%. The cost of recreation increased 0.5% while prices for household furnishings and operations rose 0.2% as did the cost of personal care.
The Fed tracks the Personal Consumption Expenditures Price Indexes for its 2% inflation target. Financial markets expected the central bank to leave its benchmark overnight interest rate unchanged in the 3.50%-3.75% range this month. Traders, however, saw a 60% chance of a rate hike in September.
Inflation was last below 2% in early 2021. Minutes of the Fed’s June 16-17 meeting published last week showed policymakers’ concerns about inflation mounted last month.
Reporting by Lucia Mutikani; Editing by Chizu Nomiyama and Andrea Ricci
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