2026年5月29日 下午1:59 美东时间 / 美联社 / 美国有线电视新闻网（CNN）
2026年5月28日周四，路易斯安那州巴吞鲁日市众议院通过一项重新划分选区的计划，取消一个非裔占多数的国会选区。图中路易斯安那州议员抬头看向民众愤怒的呼喊声。
杰拉尔德·赫伯特/美联社
路易斯安那州议员周五通过了一份新的国会选区地图，旨在为共和党拿下一个额外席位，同时使该州仅存的两个非裔占多数的众议院选区中的一个由民主党人代表。
众议院新地图的通过距离最高法院裁定该州现行地图为非法种族选区划分仅过去一个月，该裁定削弱了1965年具有里程碑意义的联邦《选举权法案》。这一判决加剧了一场全国性的重划选区斗争，此前总统唐纳德·特朗普为在中期选举中保护共和党微弱的众议院多数席位而推动相关行动。
路易斯安那州共和党人曾考虑制定一份能让该党拿下全州6个众议院席位中全部6个的选区地图。但这需要在共和党掌控的选区中增加更多黑人选民，反而可能适得其反导致席位丢失。一些共和党人表示，采用5比1的席位比例能更好地保护众议院议长迈克·约翰逊，使其免于面临艰难的连任竞选。
共和党州长杰夫·兰德里预计将签署这份新地图使之生效。
在最高法院作出裁决后的几周内，其他几个由共和党掌控的南方州纷纷利用被削弱的联邦《选举权法案》，试图重新划分本州的国会选区。
目前共和党在重划选区的博弈中占据上风，但这并不一定意味着他们会在11月的选举中拿下席位微弱的美国众议院。共和党人认为他们通过重划选区最多可增加14个席位，而民主党人则认为他们可以在加利福尼亚州和犹他州的新选区中多获得6个席位。
在路易斯安那州，根据2024年法院命令绘制的、为遵守《选举权法案》而增设第二个非裔占多数选区的地图，共和党人目前掌控着6个众议院席位中的4个。
然而这份地图在法庭上遭到质疑，最高法院于4月30日裁定其为非法种族选区划分并予以废除。
兰德里将原定于5月16日举行的美国众议院各州初选推迟到今夏晚些时候，以便共和党议员有时间制定并通过一份新的选区地图。
新的重划方案调整了民主党众议员克利奥·菲尔兹的选区，将其集中在巴吞鲁日地区和路易斯安那州南部以白人为主的社区。该方案还将巴吞鲁日的部分地区划入以新奥尔良为基地、目前由民主党众议员特洛伊·卡特代表的深蓝非裔占多数选区。
预计针对新地图还会有更多诉讼。
民主党人表示，新提案仍可能构成种族选区划分，因为它将黑人选民集中到了单个国会选区内。与此同时，最高法院裁决案中的原告批评州议会的地图保留了一个非裔占多数的选区。
自最高法院作出裁决以来，其他几个南方州也已采取行动重划选区。
佛罗里达州议会在裁决公布数小时后就通过了新的国会选区方案，完成了早前就为应对该裁决而启动的重划工作。这可能让共和党在中期选举中多拿下多达4个席位。
田纳西州在裁决公布一周后通过了新的美国众议院选区方案，将以孟菲斯为基地的非裔占多数选区拆分，试图借此多拿下一个席位。
在阿拉巴马州，共和党人正试图通过重划两个黑人选民占多数或接近多数的选区来多拿下一个席位。这两个席位目前均由民主党人掌控，该提案目前深陷司法诉讼之中。
与此同时，尽管特朗普施加了压力，南卡罗来纳州参议院还是决定不进行选区重划。
Louisiana lawmakers pass new congressional map to give GOP additional House seat
2026-05-29 1:59 PM ET / Associated Press / CNN
Louisiana lawmakers look up to angry shouts from members of the public, after a redistricting plan to eliminate a majority-Black congressional district was passed by the House in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, on Thursday, May 28, 2026.
Gerald Herbert/AP
Louisiana lawmakers passed a new congressional map on Friday designed to pick up a Republican seat while leaving the state with just one of its two majority-Black House districts represented by Democrats.
Approval of the new House map came a month after the Supreme Court struck down the state’s current map as an illegal racial gerrymander, weakening the landmark 1965 federal Voting Rights Act. That decision intensified a national redistricting battle fueled by President Donald Trump’s efforts to protect the Republicans’ slim House majority in the midterm elections.
Louisiana Republicans had considered drawing a map giving the party a shot at winning all six of the state’s House seats. But that would have required adding more Black voters to Republican-held districts, potentially backfiring with losses. Some Republicans said a 5-1 map better protects House Speaker Mike Johnson from facing a difficult reelection.
Republican Gov. Jeff Landry is expected to sign the new map into law.
In the weeks following the Supreme Court’s decision, several other Republican-controlled Southern states have seized upon a weakened federal Voting Rights Act to try to redraw their own congressional districts.
So far, Republicans are winning the redistricting contest. But that doesn’t necessarily mean they will win a narrowly divided US House in November. Republicans think they could gain as many as 14 seats from their redistricting efforts, while Democrats think they could gain six seats from new districts in California and Utah.
In Louisiana, Republicans hold four of six congressional seats on a court-ordered map drawn in 2024 to comply with the Voting Rights Act by including a second district with a majority-Black population.
That map, however, was challenged in court, and the Supreme Court responded on April 30 by striking it down as an illegal racial gerrymander.
Landry postponed the state’s US House primary, scheduled for May 16, until later this summer to allow time for Republican lawmakers to draw and pass a new map.
The proposed map redraws Democratic Rep. Cleo Fields’ district, clustering it around predominantly white communities in the Baton Rouge area and southern Louisiana. It also adds part of Baton Rouge to a heavily Democratic, majority-Black district based in New Orleans currently represented by Democratic Rep. Troy Carter.
More lawsuits were expected over the new map.
Democrats say the proposed map could still constitute a racial gerrymander because it packs Black voters into a single congressional district. Meanwhile, the plaintiffs in the Supreme Court’s decision criticized the legislature’s map for leaving a majority-Black district in place.
Several other Southern states also have acted on redistricting since the Supreme Court’s decision.
Florida’s legislature passed new congressional districts just hours after the ruling, completing a redrawing that was in the works in anticipation of the decision. It could yield Republicans as many as four additional seats in the midterm elections.
Tennessee adopted new US House districts a week after the ruling, carving up a majority-Black district based in Memphis in a Republican attempt to win an additional seat.
In Alabama, Republicans are attempting to pick up another seat by redrawing two districts where Black residents compose a majority or close to it. Democrats hold both seats, and the proposal is mired in a court battle.
South Carolina’s Senate, meanwhile, decided against redistricting, despite pressure from Trump.
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