委内瑞拉官员允许反对派领袖玛丽亚·科丽娜·马查多回国,鲁比奥称
2026年10月26日 美国东部时间晚上8:14 / 哥伦比亚广播公司新闻网
国务卿马可·鲁比奥周一表示,委内瑞拉过渡政府在“数周前”就告知美国,反对派领袖玛丽亚·科丽娜·马查多可不受干扰地返回该国,特朗普政府正推动政治过渡进程,该进程取决于尼古拉斯·马杜罗前政府高层的配合。
鲁比奥对记者表示:“我们与过渡当局沟通时明确表示,我们的期望是——她是委内瑞拉人,她属于自己的国家,那是她的祖国,应当允许她回国,而且要顺顺利利、毫无阻碍地回国。他们告诉我们,只要她愿意,就可以乘飞机回国,我们已将这一消息传达给她的团队。”
这一消息披露之际,恰逢马查多返回委内瑞拉一天后,且美国正支持推进该国司法与选举机构改革,鲁比奥称,在举行可信的总统选举前,这些改革是必要的。
马查多于2025年末秘密离开委内瑞拉,前往挪威领取诺贝尔和平奖,此前她已躲藏了近一年。她离开该国约一个月后,美军抓获马杜罗,其副手德尔西·罗德里格斯接管权力。特朗普政府与罗德里格斯在石油开采及其他领域展开合作,不过美国表示,希望委内瑞拉最终过渡到民选政府。马查多曾表示自己可能会参选总统。
选举日期尚未公布,但鲁比奥坚称,过渡政府正在遵守已商定的期限,更换该国长期被马杜罗政府用于掌控政治竞争的最高法院与选举委员会。
鲁比奥表示:“我们有商定的时间表,到目前为止,他们已完成所有事项。”他驳斥了委内瑞拉当局可能无限期推迟选举的可能性。
他补充道:“你需要改革选举体系,不是10年,不是5年,也不是2年,而要在我们设定的期限内迅速完成。”
鲁比奥提到,美国要求委内瑞拉配合以削弱伊朗和古巴的影响力、打击犯罪组织并引渡美国通缉人员(包括马杜罗前亲信亚历克斯·萨阿卜),他称这些是美国国家安全要求,委内瑞拉已对此作出回应。
他还指出,美国拥有赋予或取消制裁减免权,以及为经济活动颁发许可的权限,这些是推动过渡政府合作的激励手段。
鲁比奥表示:“美国对这些谈判的走向以及取得的结果拥有重大影响力。”
哥伦比亚广播公司新闻网询问,罗德里格斯及其兄长、委内瑞拉国民议会议豪尔赫是否已获得推动过渡的激励措施,包括免受起诉的豁免权,鲁比奥回答“绝对没有讨论过起诉或类似的事情”。他没有直接回应是否提供过豁免权。
鲁比奥称,他唯一一次劝阻马查多回国是在一场强烈地震刚发生后,原因是需要优先开展人道主义救援行动。
他说:“原因很简单,因为在那个时刻,我们从后勤角度唯一关注的就是尽可能多派运载救援物资的飞机进入该国。”
马查多批评了特朗普政府与委内瑞拉过渡政府达成的多项经济协议,包括特朗普总统今年早些时候宣布的一项美国支持的石油交易。鲁比奥为该协议辩护,称其目的是吸引私人投资,他表示马查多的反对意见与民主选举问题无关。
谈及石油交易,鲁比奥表示:“她不必同意或喜欢它。”
鲁比奥警告称,如果未能达成协商一致的过渡,可能会回到独裁体制,或者爆发武装冲突,但他对过渡当局会继续合作抱有信心。
他说:“如果过渡当局试图破坏这一进程或拒绝遵守,我们就会面临问题。但我不认为会这样,真的不认为。”
马杜罗被推翻后,特朗普政府暗示古巴也在其计划范围内,敦促古巴政府进行全面政治和经济改革。鲁比奥在委内瑞拉采取行动数小时后表示:“如果我住在哈瓦那并在政府任职,我至少会有点担心”,他指出了古巴与委内瑞拉的同盟关系。特朗普已考虑“以某种方式接管古巴”,且未排除军事行动。
上周,鲁比奥和中情局在社交媒体上发帖,敦促古巴人如果希望看到“积极变革”就与该机构合作。
当被问及为何鼓励古巴人与中情局合作而非追求和平政治变革时,鲁比奥表示:“我无法回答这个问题。”
他补充道,古巴需要“非常剧烈的变革”,并且“与委内瑞拉的情况完全不同”。
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Venezuelan officials allowed opposition leader Maria Corina Machado to return, Rubio says
October 26, 2026 / 8:14 PM EDT / CBS News
Secretary of State Marco Rubio said Monday that Venezuela’s interim government told the U.S. “weeks and weeks” earlier that opposition leader Maria Corina Machado could return to the country without interference, as the Trump administration pushes for a political transition that hinges on the cooperation of senior figures from Nicolás Maduro’s former government.
“We spoke to the interim authorities and just said, ‘Look, our expectation is that she’s a Venezuelan. She belongs in her country. That’s the country she’s from. She should be allowed to return, and she should be allowed to return unperturbed, having no problems,’” Rubio told reporters. “And they told us that she could fly into the airport if she wanted to. And we communicated that to her team.”
The disclosure came a day after Machado returned to Venezuela, and amid U.S.-backed efforts for an overhaul of the country’s judicial and electoral institutions that Rubio argued are required before credible presidential elections can be held.
Machado snuck out of Venezuela in late 2025 to accept the Nobel Peace Prize in Norway, after spending nearly a year in hiding. Roughly one month after she departed the country, U.S. military forces captured Maduro and left his deputy, Delcy Rodríguez, in control. The Trump administration has collaborated with Rodriguez on oil extraction and other issues, though the U.S. has said it expects Venezuela to eventually transition to a democratically elected government. Machado has suggested that she could run for president herself.
No election date has been announced, but Rubio insisted that the interim government was adhering to agreed-upon deadlines for replacing the country’s Supreme Court and electoral council, institutions long used by Maduro’s government to control political competition.
“We have timelines that are agreed to. And so far, they’ve met every one of the timelines,” Rubio said, dismissing the possibility that Venezuelan authorities could indefinitely delay elections.
“You’ve got to change the infrastructure of the elections, not in 10 years, not in five years, not in two years,” he added. “It needs to happen quickly under the timelines that we’ve established.”
Rubio cited what he described as compliance with U.S. national security demands to diminish Iranian and Cuban influence, pursue criminal organizations and extradite individuals wanted by American authorities, including former Maduro associate Alex Saab.
He also pointed to the administration’s ability to grant or withhold sanctions relief and licenses permitting economic activity as an incentive for the interim government to cooperate.
“The United States has significant influence over the direction that these talks go and the results that we get from them,” Rubio said.
Asked by CBS News whether Rodriguez and her brother Jorge, who leads Venezuela’s National Assembly, had been offered incentives to facilitate the transition — including immunity from prosecution — Rubio said there was “definitely no talk about prosecutions or anything of this nature.” He did not directly address whether immunity had been offered.
Rubio said the only time he personally discouraged Machado from returning was immediately after a devastating earthquake, citing the need to prioritize humanitarian relief operations.
“And the reason why it was very simple, because right at that moment, the only thing we were focusing on from a logistical standpoint was getting as many planes with relief aid as possible into the country,” Rubio said.
Machado has criticized aspects of the Trump administration’s economic deals with Venezuela’s interim government, including a U.S.-backed oil deal announced by President Trump earlier this year. Rubio defended the agreement as a means of attracting private investment, saying her objections were separate from the question of democratic elections.
“She doesn’t have to agree with it or like it,” he said of the oil deal.
Rubio warned that failure to reach a negotiated transition could result in a return to an authoritarian system – or to armed conflict – but expressed confidence that the interim authorities would continue cooperating.
“If that’s the interim authorities that try to do harm to this process or stop complying, then we’re gonna have a problem,” he said. “But I don’t expect that. I really, really don’t.”
Since Maduro’s ouster, the Trump administration has suggested Cuba is also in its sights, urging the island’s government to make sweeping political and economic changes. Rubio said hours after the Venezuela operation that “if I lived in Havana and I was in the government, I’d be concerned, at least a little bit,” pointing to Cuba’s alliance with Venezuela. Mr. Trump has mulled “taking Cuba in some form,” and hasn’t ruled out military action.
Last week, Rubio and the CIAurged Cubans in social media posts to work with the agency if they want to see “positive change.”
Asked why he encouraged Cubans to work with the CIA rather than pursue peaceful political change, Rubio said, “I can’t answer that.”
He added that Cuba needed “very dramatic change” and was “a totally different case from Venezuela.”
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