2026-09-30 17:32:27 UTC / 路透社
作者：理查德·考恩、尼科拉·古鲁姆
2026年9月30日 世界协调时17:32，2小时前更新
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华盛顿9月30日路透电——美国参议院周三否决了一项法案，该法案要求州公用事业监管机构考虑包括数据中心在内的大型电力用户是否应当承担为其服务而新建电力基础设施的增量成本，从而减轻家庭用户的负担。
参议员们以57票赞成、43票反对的结果推进了《纳税人保护法案》，仅有4名民主党议员投了赞成票。该法案需要至少60票赞成才能越过参议院程序性障碍。
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参议院共和党人曾希望通过对该法案进行投票，为他们在11月的中期选举中争取更多胜算，这也是首个针对支撑人工智能发展的数据中心扩张带来的经济担忧的法案。
民调显示，尽管美国总统唐纳德·特朗普支持数据中心建设，但公众普遍反对数据中心项目。共和党人希望在11月3日的中期选举中保住参议院控制权，目前他们在参议院拥有53比47的多数席位。
民主党人表示，该法案不足以保护消费者免受电价飙升的影响。
就在参议院否决了一项针对国会议员股票交易的 unrelated 新监管法案后，该法案也未能通过，但这仍为共和党人在11月3日中期选举竞选的最后几周提供了新的攻击民主党人的说辞。
《纳税人保护法案》于9月16日在众议院以417票赞成、3票反对的结果通过。
参议院共和党人是应参议员乔恩·赫斯特德的要求提出该法案的，赫斯特德在俄亥俄州的竞选落后于民主党候选人、前参议员谢罗德·布朗。俄亥俄州在2024年总统大选中以超过11个百分点的优势支持特朗普。
参议院民主党领袖查克·舒默周二对记者表示，共和党人“推出一项他们明知会失败的法案，只为捞取政治资本，而非提供真正的救济”。
“当美国民众要求对人工智能和数据中心设置真正的监管护栏时，共和党人却拿出了一项毫无效力的政治作秀法案，”舒默说。
民主党人提出了《电网储蓄法案》，该法案将要求大型数据中心支付服务其所需的电网升级全部成本。
共和党人赫斯特德周二对记者表示，该法案“让我们有机会向美国民众证明，我们支持降低电价，并要求数据中心承担责任”。
补充第2段的投票结果，背景信息见第3至12段
理查德·考恩、尼科拉·古鲁姆 报道；奇祖·野山、苏珊·希维 编辑
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US Senate blocks bill to address data center costs
2026-09-30 17:32:27 UTC / Reuters
By Richard Cowan and Nichola Groom
September 30, 2026 5:32 PM UTC Updated 2 hours ago
The steel frame of data centers under construction during a tour of the OpenAI data center in Abilene, Texas, U.S., September 23, 2025. REUTERS/Shelby Tauber/File Photo Purchase Licensing Rights, opens new tab
WASHINGTON, Sept 30 (Reuters) – The US Senate on Wednesday blocked legislation requiring state utility regulators to consider whether large electricity users, including data centers, should bear the incremental costs of power infrastructure built to serve them and thus ease the burden on households.
Senators voted 57-43 to advance the Ratepayer Protection Act, with only four Democrats voting for it. The measure needed at least 60 affirmative votes to clear a Senate procedural hurdle.
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Senate Republicans had aimed to improve their prospects in the November mid-term elections by voting on the legislation, the first to address the economic concerns linked to the expansion of data centers that support artificial intelligence.
Polls show broad opposition to data centers despite U.S. President Donald Trump’s support for their development. Republicans are hoping to retain control of the Senate in the November 3 mid-term elections. They currently hold a 53-47 majority.
Democrats said the legislation does not go far enough to protect consumers from soaring electricity bills.
The bill’s failure, on the heels of a Senate defeat of unrelated legislation imposing new controls on Congress members’ stock trades, nonetheless gives Republicans a new line of attack against Democrats in the closing weeks of the November 3 midterm election campaigns.
The Ratepayer Protection Act passed the House of Representatives on Sept. 16 in a 417-3 vote.
Senate Republicans chose to take up the bill at the behest of Senator Jon Husted, who is trailing the Democratic candidate, former Senator Sherrod Brown, in Ohio, a state US President Donald Trump won by more than 11 points in 2024.
Senate Democratic Leader Chuck Schumer, speaking to reporters on Tuesday, said Republicans were “putting a bill they know will fail to try and secure political points instead of delivering real relief.”
“While Americans are demanding real guardrails on AI and data centers, Republicans are offering a toothless messaging bill,” Schumer said.
Democrats have proposed the GRID Savings Act, which would require large data centers to pay the full cost of grid upgrades needed to serve them.
Republican Husted told reporters on Tuesday that the bill “gives us a chance to prove to the American people that we’re for lower electricity prices and holding data centers accountable.”
Adds vote tally in paragraph 2, background in paragraphs 3-12
Reporting by Richard Cowan and Nichola Groom; Editing by Chizu Nomiyama and Susan Heavey
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