2026年9月3日 世界协调时22:51 1小时前更新 / 路透社
2026年9月2日，美国华盛顿白宫玫瑰园，美国总统唐纳德·特朗普在主持晚宴时发表讲话。路透社/伊芙琳·霍克斯坦 摄
纽约9月3日路透电 — 特朗普政府周四提出新规定，要求取消那些在招生或项目中考量学生种族的学校的免税资格。
美国财政部和美国国税局提出的这项新规，是本届政府铲除多元化项目运动的最新举措，官员们称此举旨在终结针对白人学生的歧视，转而优待少数族裔学生。
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民权倡导者表示，多元化举措有助于解决数十年来一直遭受合法歧视的边缘化少数族裔群体面临的历史不平等问题。
该提案需经过公众意见征询期，若最终实施，很可能会引发法律诉讼，其依据是美国最高法院近期出台的限制高校在招生中考量种族因素的裁决。
财政部的提案将覆盖招生、教育政策、奖学金与贷款、体育赛事以及“其他所有由学校管理或学校支持的项目”。该规定适用于“任何目的”下考量种族的项目，包括为缓解过往种族歧视而采取的措施。
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“将基于种族的优待政策重新包装为公平、包容或提升多元化的举措，并不会改变其歧视性本质，”财政部长斯科特·贝森特在一份声明中表示。
主张学术自由并曾起诉特朗普政府以阻止削减资金的美国大学教授协会表示，正在考虑针对该提案采取法律行动。
“这并非中立执行民权法。这是在刻意利用民权法打击其初衷旨在保护的群体，”美国大学教授协会主席托德·沃尔夫森在一份声明中说道。“半个世纪以来，联邦政策一直承认，旨在铲除根深蒂固的种族排斥的措施，与旨在维持种族排斥的政策有着本质区别。”
财政部估计，此次政策调整可能影响多达1.8万名各级学校，以及可能有资格获得基于种族奖学金的75万名学生。
该提案不会禁止私立学校保留宗教使命、课程或项目，宗教学校仍可基于宗教信仰选拔学生，据财政部一份声明显示。
财政部还表示，该提案不会阻止学校利用收入、地域或第一代大学生身份等不基于种族的标准，来帮助处境不利的学生。
特朗普政府一直在打击高校的多元化政策。民权倡导者表示，此次打击行动威胁到言论自由、正当程序和学术自由。
特朗普特别针对美国历史最悠久、财力最雄厚的哈佛大学，对其实施资金冻结、调查，并威胁取消该校的免税资格。
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杰克·奎因 纽约报道；奥罗拉·埃利斯 编辑
Trump moves to strip tax-exempt status from schools that consider race
September 3, 2026 10:51 PM UTC Updated 1 hour ago / Reuters
U.S. President Donald Trump speaks while hosting a dinner in the Rose Garden at the White House in Washington, D.C., U.S., September 2, 2026. REUTERS/Evelyn Hockstein
NEW YORK, Sept 3 (Reuters) – President Donald Trump’s administration on Thursday proposed new regulations that would strip schools of tax-exempt status if they offer students that consider race in admissions or programs.
The rules proposed by the U.S. Treasury Department and Internal Revenue Service are the latest salvo in the administration’s campaign to eradicate diversity programs and end what officials say is discrimination against white students in favor of students of color.
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Civil rights advocates say diversity practices help address historic inequities for marginalized ethnic minorities who were legally discriminated against for decades.
The proposal, which is subject to a public comment period and would likely draw legal challenges if implemented, draws on recent U.S. Supreme Court rulings that limited how colleges and universities can consider race in admissions.
Treasury’s proposal would cover admissions, educational policies, scholarships and loans, athletics and “every other school-administered or school-supported program.” It would apply to programs that consider race “for any purpose,” including mitigating past racial discrimination.
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“Schools rebranding race-based preferences as equitable, inclusive, or diversity-enhancing does not change their discriminatory nature,” Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent said in a statement.
The American Association of University Professors, which advocates for academic freedom and has sued the Trump administration to block funding cuts, said it is considering legal action in response to the proposal.
“This is not neutral enforcement of civil-rights law. It is an affirmative attempt to turn civil-rights law against the very people it was enacted to protect,” AAUP President Todd Wolfson said in a statement. “For half a century, federal policy recognized that measures intended to dismantle entrenched racial exclusion are not equivalent to policies designed to preserve it.”
The Treasury estimated the change could affect as many as 18,000 schools at all education levels and 750,000 students who may qualify for race-based scholarships.
blob:https://www.reuters.com/3f5239ee-eb31-4fc2-848a-99234ce14dd8
The proposal would not bar private schools from maintaining a religious mission, curriculum or program, and religious schools could continue selecting students based on religious affiliation, according to a Treasury Department statement.
Treasury also said the proposal would not prevent schools from assisting disadvantaged students using race-neutral criteria such as income, geography or first-generation status.
The Trump administration has cracked down on diversity policies at colleges. Rights advocates say the crackdown threatens free speech, due process and academic freedom.
Trump has singled out Harvard University, the country’s oldest and richest university, in particular with funding freezes, investigations and threats to the school’s tax-exempt status.
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Reporting by Jack Queen in New York; Editing by Aurora Ellis
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