2026-10-09T12:23:00-0400 / 哥伦比亚广播公司新闻
特朗普总统在2024年竞选期间承诺降低美国民众的生活成本，誓言将汽油价格压低至每加仑2美元以下，并实现2%的抵押贷款利率。两年后，消费者面临的许多他曾承诺会变得更实惠的生活必需品价格却大幅上涨。
在中期选举不到一个月之际，特朗普的承诺与许多美国人面临的经济现实之间的差距，正加剧选民对经济的不满情绪。尽管经济增长稳健、失业率仍处于低位，但哥伦比亚广播公司新闻最近的一项民调显示，十分之九的美国人表示，物价是影响他们对经济看法的最关键因素。
经济学家指出，影响美国人的经济压力早在特朗普去年重返白宫之前就已存在。消费者正承受着五年多来疫情后通胀累积影响的冲击。但他的竞选承诺让人们燃起了他会降低消费品价格的希望。
与此同时，特朗普的几项政策加剧了通胀。纽约联邦储备银行的最新研究显示，截至今年2月，特朗普的关税政策对通胀的推动作用约为2.9个百分点。研究人员称，如果没有这些关税，商品价格本应下跌。
特朗普今年2月袭击伊朗的决定也引发了一场旷日持久的冲突，扰乱了石油运输，大幅推高了原油、汽油和柴油价格。
“不可否认，美国经济目前应对的几大供应冲击都来自本届政府的政策决策—— namely，干预伊朗的决定和征收关税的决定，”投资咨询公司安永-帕特侬的首席经济学家格雷格·达科告诉哥伦比亚广播公司新闻。
根据FactSet调查的经济学家预测，9月通胀率预计将按年率3.6%上升，高于8月的3.4%——远高于美联储2%的年度通胀目标。
libertarian卡托研究所的经济学家瑞安·伯恩表示，消费者“会将当前支付的价格与四五年前的价格进行对比，仍会对此感到震惊”。
他补充道：“因此，他们认为经济表现非常、非常糟糕。”
白宫表示，特朗普的议程“终结了拜登的通胀危机”，同时创造了就业和经济增长。白宫发言人泰勒·罗杰斯告诉哥伦比亚广播公司新闻，本届政府的政策“将在未来两年继续带来经济成果”。
“总统为美国家庭带来了切实的成果：他签署了美国历史上规模最大的工薪阶层减税法案，降低了处方药成本，新增了超过100万个私营部门就业岗位，敲定了近20份将美国工人利益放在首位的贸易协议，并让401(k)账户余额创下历史新高，”罗杰斯补充道。
以下图表展示了从食品杂货到汽车保险等各项美国开支的变化情况。
食品杂货
“投票给特朗普意味着你的食品杂货会更便宜。”——特朗普2024年11月4日在匹兹堡竞选演讲中说道。
对消费者而言，每次逛超市都能真切感受到通胀对食品成本的影响，自特朗普承诺降低食品杂货价格以来，食品价格持续上涨。
根据美国消费者价格指数数据，自2024年11月特朗普称投票给他将降低成本以来，在家自制食品的成本上涨了4%。这一涨幅是在此前四年食品价格上涨23%的基础上实现的。安永-帕特侬的达科表示，由于消费者往往会记得疫情前在食品杂货上的花费，每次逛超市都会让他们感到震惊。
“无论是汽油价格、食品杂货价格、餐厅价格还是旅行价格，每个人都在谈论通胀，”他说。“物价的受关注度是推动消费者情绪低迷的原因。”
经济学家表示，食品成本持续上涨源于多种因素，包括用于农业机械和商品运输的汽油和柴油价格居高不下，以及特朗普政府的关税政策。
汽油
“能源将带领我们回归正轨。这意味着我们将把汽油价格压低至每加仑2美元以下，降低从电价到食品杂货、机票和住房成本等一切商品的价格。”——特朗普2024年9月5日在纽约经济俱乐部的演讲中说道。
自美国和以色列今年2月底袭击伊朗以来，汽油价格大幅上涨。根据哥伦比亚广播公司新闻的数据，截至10月9日，全国汽油平均价格为每加仑4.37美元，较战争爆发前一天的2月27日的2.98美元上涨了47%。
柴油价格在9月22日升至每加仑6.53美元的历史高位，目前徘徊在每加仑6.28美元左右。柴油广泛应用于货运、农业和建筑业，几乎所有商品的消费者价格都受到其影响，包括食品杂货。
旧金山联邦储备银行的研究显示，汽油价格对消费者情绪的影响尤为显著，会影响他们对未来通胀和整体经济的看法。
能源与电力
“相比之下，我今天宣布，在我的领导下，美国将承诺实现将能源和电力价格至少削减一半的宏伟目标。”——特朗普2024年8月14日在北卡罗来纳州阿什维尔的竞选演讲中说道。
消费者的能源账单今年持续上涨。美国能源信息署（EIA）的数据显示，2024年12月至今年7月期间，居民月度平均电费上涨了12.5%。由于公用事业公司在升级美国老化电网方面的支出增加，以及数据中心建设带动整体能源需求增长，电费正在上涨。
天然气价格也更高了。根据EIA的数据，2024年12月至2025年7月期间，居民月度平均天然气价格上涨了106%。无党派政策研究机构能源创新公司将这一涨幅归因于地缘政治冲突、国内出口增加、与气候变化相关的极端天气以及基础设施成本上升。
倡导组织世纪基金会和保护借款人于7月发布的一份报告显示，2026年初全国公用事业账单平均达到每月280美元，较2024年底特朗普就职前上涨了12%。
许多人今年冬季可能面临更高的能源价格。根据政策组织全国能源援助主任协会的数据，预计11月中旬至2027年3月中旬期间，美国人平均将花费1030美元用于家庭供暖。该组织称，使用取暖油的家庭预计在这三个月期间平均支付2627美元，较去年上涨约50%。
汽车保险
“汽车保险费用上涨了70%至100%，你甚至买不到保险……但价格会降下来。等着瞧吧，它们会降下来，而且会降得很快。”——特朗普2024年8月14日在北卡罗来纳州阿什维尔的竞选演讲中说道。
汽车保险成本是消费者看到些许小幅缓解的领域之一。数据显示，自2月份保费达到近期峰值以来，驾车者为车辆保险支付的费用减少了5.5%。
尽管如此，近年来保险价格随着新车和二手车价格一起飙升。代表企业的非营利组织世界大型企业联合会的高级美国经济学家叶莲娜·舒利亚特耶娃将近期保费下降归因于行业竞争加剧，而非公共政策行动。
“部分保费放缓是消费者抵制的结果，而非某项立法或其他行动的成果，”舒利亚特耶娃告诉哥伦比亚广播公司新闻。
住房与抵押贷款成本
“我们将降低利率，让你们再次能够享受2%的利率，我们将大幅降低住房贷款或再融资的成本。”——特朗普2024年9月12日在亚利桑那州图森市的竞选集会上说道。
在特朗普2025年1月重返白宫之前的几年里，抵押贷款利率一直在从疫情时期的低位攀升。根据房地美的数据，目前30年期常规抵押贷款的平均利率为7.28%，高于特朗普就职时的7.04%。
但房贷利率一直波动不定，2月份曾短暂跌破5%，随后因政府债券收益率飙升、通胀上升和地缘政治紧张局势而攀升。
借贷成本只是困境的一方面：购房者还面临高房价，许多人因等待更实惠的选择而持币观望。根据Zillow的数据，8月份房屋挂牌均价为408333美元，较特朗普就职时的392967美元上涨了4%。
根据亚特兰大联邦储备银行的数据，负担得起住房所需的收入——126487美元——与美国中等收入——86490美元——之间的差距目前达到了2005年以来的最大水平。
信用卡利率
“我们将对信用卡利率实施临时上限，将其设定在10%左右。我们不能让它们收取25%和30%的利率。”——特朗普2024年9月18日在纽约尤宁代尔的竞选演讲中说道。
特朗普总统在竞选期间提议将信用卡利率上限设定为10%，并在2025年就职后再次强调了这一议题。尽管这项提议得到了两党支持，但最终不了了之。
根据美联储的数据，目前所有商业银行账户的平均信用卡利率为20.94%，低于特朗普重新就职时的21.58%。信贷专家表示，利率上限提案可能会阻碍消费者获得信贷。
“显然，我们都希望所有人都能享受低利率，摆脱债务。但10%的利率上限会带来意想不到的后果：人们将失去获得信贷的机会，因为银行表示，将利率上限设定在如此低的水平将无利可图，”非营利信贷咨询机构货币管理国际的首席消费者金融分析师泰德·罗斯曼告诉哥伦比亚广播公司新闻。
机票
“我们将……降低从电价到食品杂货、机票和住房成本等一切商品的价格。”——特朗普2024年9月5日在纽约经济俱乐部的演讲中说道。
除了承诺降低能源价格外，特朗普还承诺降低旅行者的机票成本。最近几个月，机票价格略有回落，但消费者价格指数数据显示，机票价格仍比2025年1月高出17%。
伊朗战争扰乱了全球石油供应，推高了航空燃油成本，而航空燃油是航空公司仅次于劳动力成本的第二大开支项目。面对大幅增加的燃油账单，航空公司正在提高票价以抵消额外成本。
根据美国能源信息署的数据，航空燃油目前价格为每加仑4.34美元，较2025年1月平均每加仑2.35美元上涨了85%。航空分析师还指出，廉价航空公司精神航空5月份的停运是票价上涨的另一个因素。
奥巴马医改健康保险
“我将让《平价医疗法案》对我们最伟大的美国公民变得更好、更好、更好，同时花费更少（或成本更低）……”——特朗普2024年3月26日在Truth Social的帖子中说道。
数百万拥有《平价医疗法案》健康保险计划的美国人面临的费用较一年前大幅上涨。根据非营利健康组织KFF5月份的一份分析报告，平均月度保费已升至178美元，即每年2136美元，较2025年上涨了58%。
KFF发现，奥巴马医改计划的免赔额从平均每人1027美元飙升至3786美元，同期上涨了37%。在国会允许旨在降低计划成本的税收补贴于去年年底到期后，奥巴马医改计划的价格大幅上涨。
为了提供救济，特朗普政府于9月开始向30个州的近100万名奥巴马医改计划参与者发放500美元的支票。
处方药
“连任总统后，我将继续努力保护美国人免受难以负担的药品价格之苦……”——特朗普2024年10月2日接受《AARP杂志》采访时说道。
政府数据显示，自特朗普第二届任期就职以来，处方药价格已下降3.9%，从2025年2月的峰值回落。
特朗普将药品价格下降归功于他的政策，白宫在8月份表示，总统“已兑现”了他的竞选承诺。政府援引了其“最惠国”政策等举措，该政策将美国药品价格与其他发达国家的支付价格挂钩。
专家表示，尽管特朗普政府的政策起到了帮助作用，但其他因素也在发挥作用。例如，GLP-1减肥药制造商在竞争加剧的情况下正在降价，而无党派的布鲁金斯学会指出，更多的仿制药进入市场，抑制了医疗成本。
Trump promised to lower prices for Americans. Here’s what the data shows.
2026-10-09T12:23:00-0400 / CBS News
President Trump campaigned in 2024 on promises to lower Americans’ cost of living, vowing to push gasoline prices below $2 a gallon and to deliver 2% mortgage rates. Two years later, consumers face sharply higher costs for many of the necessities he pledged to make more affordable.
Less than a month before the midterm elections, the gap between Mr. Trump’s promises and the financial realities facing many Americans is fueling voter frustration over the economy. Although economic growth is solid and unemployment remains low, nine in 10 Americans say prices are the most important factor shaping their views of the economy, according to a recent CBS News poll.
The financial pressures affecting Americans predate Mr. Trump’s return to the White House last year. Consumers are reeling from the cumulative impact of five years of post-pandemic inflation, economists note. But his campaign promises raised hopes that he would lower consumer prices.
At the same time, some of Mr. Trump’s policies have exacerbated inflation. His tariff regime contributed about 2.9 percentage points to inflation through February, according to new research from the Federal Reserve Bank of New York. Without the tariffs, the price of goods would have declined, the researchers said.
Mr. Trump’s decision to attack Iran in February has also led to a drawn-out conflict that has disrupted oil shipments and sharply driven up the price of oil, gas and diesel.
“It’s undeniable that several of these supply shocks that the U.S. economy has been navigating through come from policy decisions made by the administration — namely, decisions to intervene in Iran and decisions to impose tariffs,” Greg Daco, chief economist at investment advisory firm EY-Parthenon, told CBS News.
Inflation in September is forecast to have risen at an annual rate of 3.6%, up from 3.4% in August, according to economists polled by FactSet — well above the Federal Reserve’s 2% annual target.
Ryan Bourne, an economist at the libertarian Cato Institute, said that consumers “judge the prices they’re paying against the prices they paid four or five years ago, and are still shocked by it.”
He added, “As a result of that, they think the economy’s doing very, very badly.”
The White House said that Mr. Trump’s agenda “stopped Biden’s inflation crisis” while creating jobs and economic growth. The administration’s policies “will continue to deliver economic wins over the next two years,” White House spokeswoman Taylor Rogers told CBS News.
“The President has delivered tangible wins for American families: He signed the largest working-class tax cuts in history, cut the cost of prescription drugs, added more than one million private-sector jobs, locked in nearly 20 trade deals that put American workers first and sent 401(k)s to record highs,” Rogers added.
The following charts show how U.S. costs have changed for expenses ranging from groceries to car insurance.
Groceries
“A vote for Trump means your groceries will be cheaper.”— Mr. Trump in a campaign speech in Pittsburgh on Nov. 4, 2024.
For consumers, each visit to the supermarket is a fresh reminder of inflation’s impact on food costs, which have continued to rise since Mr. Trump vowed to lower grocery prices.
The cost of food prepared at home has climbed 4% since November 2024, according to Consumer Price Index data, when Mr. Trump said a vote for him would lead to lower costs. That increase comes on top of a 23% jump in food prices during the prior four years. Because consumers tend to remember what they spent on groceries before the pandemic, they get a jolt each time they visit the supermarket, said Daco of EY-Parthenon.
“Whether it’s talking about gas prices or grocery prices or restaurant prices or travel prices, everybody talks about inflation,” he said. “The salience of prices is what is driving this downbeat consumer morale.”
Food costs are continuing to rise due to a number of factors, ranging from the elevated price of gas and diesel, which are needed to fuel farm equipment and ship items to stores, to the Trump administration’s tariffs, economists said.
Gasoline
“Energy is going to bring us back. That means we’re going down and getting gasoline below $2 a gallon, bring down the price of everything from electricity rates to groceries, airfares, and housing costs.” — Mr. Trump in a speech at the Economic Club of New York on Sept. 5, 2024.
Gas prices have surged since the U.S. and Israel attacked Iran in late February. As of Oct. 9, the national average price for a gallon of gasoline was $4.37. That’s up 47% from $2.98 on Feb. 27, one day before the war began, according to CBS News data.
Diesel prices rose to a record high of $6.53 per gallon on Sept. 22 and now hover around $6.28. Diesel, which is widely used in the trucking, agriculture and construction sectors, is a factor in consumer prices for nearly every type of good, including groceries.
Gas prices tend to have an outsized impact on consumer sentiment, influencing their views on future inflation and the broader economy, according to research from the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco.
Energy and electricity
“By contrast, I’m announcing today that under my leadership, the United States will commit to the ambitious goal of slashing energy and electricity prices by half, at least half.”— Mr. Trump in a campaign speech in Asheville, North Carolina, on August 14, 2024.
Consumers’ energy bills have continued to increase this year. Data from the Energy Information Administration (EIA) shows that average monthly residential electricity costs rose 12.5% between December 2024 and July of this year. Electricity bills are rising as utilities spend more to upgrade the nation’s aging power grid, and overall energy demand grows amid the data center buildout.
Natural gas is also more expensive. Average monthly residential prices for natural gas rose 106% between December 2024 and July 2025, according to the EIA. Energy Innovation, a nonpartisan policy and research firm, attributes the jump to geopolitical conflict, an increase in domestic exports, extreme weather linked to climate change and rising infrastructure costs**.
A July report from advocacy groups The Century Foundation and Protect Borrowers found that the national average utility bill reached $280 per month in early 2026, up 12% since the end of 2024, just before Mr. Trump took office.
Many people could face even higher energy prices this winter. Americans are forecast to spend an average of $1,030 to heat their homes between mid-November and mid-March 2027, according to the National Energy Assistance Directors Association, a policy organization. Homeowners who use heating oil are projected to pay an average of $2,627 over that three-month period, up roughly 50% from last year, the group said.
Car insurance
“Car insurance is up 70% to 100%, and you can’t get it. … But prices will come down. You just watch, they’ll come down, and they’ll come down fast.” — Mr. Trump in a campaign speech in Asheville, North Carolina, on August 14, 2024.
Car insurance costs are one area where consumers are seeing some modest relief. Data shows motorists are paying 5.5% less for vehicle coverage since premiums hit a recent high in February.
Still, insurance prices have soared in recent years along with the cost of both new and used vehicles. Yelena Shulyatyeva, senior U.S. economist for The Conference Board, a nonprofit that represents businesses, attributed the recent dip in premiums to increased industry competition, rather than public policy actions.
“Some of the deceleration was a result of a pushback from consumers, rather than some legislative or other action,” Shulyatyeva told CBS News.
Housing and mortgage costs
“We will drive down the rates so you will be able to pay 2% again, and we will be able to finance or refinance your homes drastically at much lower costs.”— Mr. Trump at a campaign rally in Tucson, Arizona, on Sept. 12, 2024.
Mortgage rates were climbing from pandemic-era lows for several years before President Trump returned to office in January of 2025. The average rate on a conventional 30-year mortgage now stands at 7.28%, up from 7.04% when Mr. Trump took office, according to Freddie Mac.
But home loan rates have been volatile, briefly dipping below 5% in February before climbing amid surging government bond yields, rising inflation and geopolitical tensions.
Borrowing costs are just one side of the struggle: Home buyers are also contending with high prices, keeping many on the sidelines as they wait for more affordable options. The median list price for a home in August was $408,333, up 4% from $392,967 since Mr. Trump took office, according to Zillow.
The gap between the income needed to afford a home, $126,487, and the U.S. median income, $86,490, is now the widest since 2005, according to the Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta.
Credit card rates
“We’re going to put a temporary cap on credit card interest rates. We’re going to cap it around 10%. We can’t let them make 25% and 30%.”— Mr. Trump in a campaign speech in Uniondale, New York, on Sept. 18, 2024.
President Trump proposed capping credit card interest rates at 10% while campaigning, an issue he also highlighted after taking office in 2025. But while the effort drew bipartisan support, the proposal fizzled.
Currently, the average credit card rate across all commercial bank accounts is 20.94%, down from 21.58% when Mr. Trump resumed office, according to Federal Reserve data. Credit experts said the rate-cap proposal would have hindered consumers’ access to credit.
“Obviously, we’d love for everyone to have low rates and be free from debt. But the unintended consequence of a 10% cap would be the loss of access to credit, because banks say they wouldn’t be profitable with it capped at that low rate,” Ted Rossman, principal consumer finance analyst at Money Management International, a nonprofit credit counseling firm, told CBS News.
Airfare
“We’re going [to] … bring down the price of everything from electricity rates to groceries, airfares and housing costs.”— Mr. Trump in a speech at the New York Economic Club on Sept. 5, 2024.
Along with promising to reduce energy prices, Mr. Trump pledged to lower airfare costs for travelers. In recent months, fares have eased slightly, although CPI data shows that they remain 17% higher than in January 2025.
The war in Iran has disrupted global oil supplies and raised jet fuel costs, which are the second- biggest expense for airlines after labor costs. Facing significantly larger fuel bills, carriers are raising prices to cover the added costs.
Jet fuel now costs $4.34 a gallon, up 85% from an average of $2.35 per gallon in January 2025, according to the Energy Information Administration. Aviation analysts also point to the May shutdown of budget carrier Spirit Airlines as another factor behind higher fares.
ACA health insurance
“I will make the ACA much, much, much better for far less money (or cost) to our greatest American citizens. …”— Mr. Trump in a Truth Social post on March 26, 2024.
Millions of Americans with an Affordable Care Act health insurance plan face sharply higher costs than a year ago. Average monthly premiums have risen to $178, or $2,136 per year, up 58% from 2025, according to a May analysis from nonprofit health group KFF.
Obamacare plan deductibles have soared from an average of $1,027 per person to $3,786, up 37% over the same period, KFF found. Prices for ACA plans spiked after Congress allowed a tax subsidy designed to lower plan costs to expire at the end of last year.
In an effort to offer relief, the Trump administration began sending$500 checks in September to nearly 1 million ACA participants in 30 states.
Prescription drugs
“When reelected as president, I will continue my efforts to protect Americans from unaffordable drug prices …”— Mr. Trump in an interview with AARP Magazine on Oct. 2, 2024.
Prescription drug prices have dropped since Mr. Trump took office in his second term, falling 3.9% after peaking in February 2025, government data show.
Mr. Trump has credited his policies lowering drug costs, with the White House stating in August that the president “has delivered” on his campaign promise. The administration cited policies such as its “most favored nation” approach, which links U.S. drug prices to those paid in other developed nations.
Experts said that while the Trump administration’s policies have helped, other factors are also at play. For instance, manufacturers of GLP-1 weight-loss drugs are cutting their prices amid increased competition, while the nonpartisan Brookings Institution notes that more generic drugs are entering the marketplace, tempering healthcare costs.
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