2026-09-30T16:53:22.908Z / 美国有线电视新闻网（CNN）
作者：安妮·格雷尔
更新于2小时前
更新时间：2026年9月30日美国东部时间下午1:50
发布时间：2026年9月30日美国东部时间下午12:53
迈克尔·M·圣地亚哥/盖蒂图片社
周三，参议院民主党人否决了一项限制议员股票交易的法案，原因是反对共和党人在法案中新增的选民身份证要求。
此次表决沿党派阵线进行，结果为53票赞成、47票反对。尽管该法案比现行法律对议员股票交易施加了更多限制，但所有民主党议员都投了反对票，称其未完全禁止该做法，力度仍不足。民主党人同时反对共和党人将选民身份证要求修正案附加在该法案中的做法。
唐纳德·特朗普总统长期以来一直呼吁推行选民身份证制度。此次表决恰逢11月选举前夕，届时国会控制权将面临角逐，而在本届总统不在参选名单的年份里，共和党正努力动员其基础选民群体。
民调 consistently 显示，民众广泛支持禁止国会议员进行股票交易。这一议题受到全国关注，无党派伦理专家也对议员是否利用职权谋取私利敲响了警钟。
众议院于7月以微弱优势通过了该法案，仅有13名民主党议员与共和党议员一同投了赞成票。该法案禁止议员、其配偶及受抚养子女在国会任职期间购买上市公司的新股，为这项极具争议的做法新增了一项限制。但议员仍可购买私募股票、保留入职前已持有的股票，并持有特定投资基金。
议员股票交易制度自2012年《股票交易法案》通过以来从未进行过改革。该法案要求议员申报其股票交易情况，但几乎未能遏制此类交易行为。根据现行法律，议员、其配偶及子女可以进行股票交易，但必须在45天内申报以其名义进行的任何交易活动，且仅需申报交易的金额区间。
限制议员股票交易存在两党共识，但这一议题仍沿党派阵线出现分歧。民主党人士主张，任何相关举措都应同时禁止总统、副总统及其配偶进行股票交易，这一要求导致共和党不再支持相关法案。
表决前，参议院多数党领袖约翰·图恩称赞该法案是“得到美国民众广泛支持的举措”。
但参议院少数党领袖查克·舒默称，该法案只会“漏洞百出”，并反对新增选民身份证要求。
“共和党人今天提出的法案堪称‘立法版瑞士奶酪’，漏洞一个接一个，在解决这一关键问题上是一种倒退，”舒默周二表示。“如果共和党参议员真的在意制止国会议员进行股票交易，他们就不会在法案中塞入选民身份证这项‘毒药丸’修正案，而参议院民主党人此前已经两次否决了这项提案。”
Senate Democrats block bill to restrict lawmaker stock trading and impose new voter ID requirements
2026-09-30T16:53:22.908Z / CNN
By Annie Grayer
Updated 2 hr ago
Updated Sep 30, 2026, 1:50 PM ET
PUBLISHED Sep 30, 2026, 12:53 PM ET
The New York Stock Exchange on May 30, 2023 in New York City.
Michael M. Santiago/Getty Images
Senate Democrats on Wednesday blocked a bill to restrict lawmaker stock trading over objections to new voter ID requirements that Republicans added to the legislation.
The party-line vote was 53 to 47. While the bill adds more constraints on lawmaker stock trading than what exists under the current law, all Democrats opposed it, saying it did not go far enough to outright end the practice. Democrats also disapproved of the Republican decision to attach changes to voter ID requirements to the legislation.
President Donald Trump has long pushed for voter ID — and the vote comes in the run-up to the November elections, where control of Congress is at stake and Republicans are trying to turn out their base in a year that the president is not on the ballot.
Polls have consistently found widespread support for banning members of Congress from trading stocks. The issue has received national attention and alarmed nonpartisan ethics experts about whether lawmakers are using their positions of power for personal enrichment.
The House narrowly passed the bill in July, with only 13 Democrats joining Republicans to support it. The legislation prevents lawmakers, their spouses, and dependent children from buying new stocks of publicly traded companies while serving in Congress, which adds a new restriction on a highly controversial practice. But lawmakers could still buy private stocks, keep stocks they already owned prior to entering Congress and maintain certain investment funds.
Lawmaker stock trading has not been reformed since the STOCK Act was passed in 2012. That bill created requirements for lawmakers to disclose their stock trades but has done little to curb the practice. Under current law, lawmakers, their spouses, and children are permitted to make trades, but they are mandated to report any activity done on their behalf within 45 days. They are only required to disclose a monetary value range for trades.
There is bipartisan support for restricting lawmaker stock trading. But the issue has still splintered along partisan lines. Democrats have argued any effort should ban the president, vice president and their spouses from trading stocks as well, losing Republican support in the process.
Ahead of the vote, Senate Majority Leader John Thune praised the bill as “something that is broadly supported by the American people.”
But Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer said it would only create “loophole after loophole,” and objected to the addition of the voter ID requirements.
“The bill Republicans are offering today is Swiss cheese legislating, creating loophole after loophole after loophole, and it’s a step backward to solving this critical problem,” Schumer said Tuesday. “If Republican senators really cared about stopping stock trading by members, they wouldn’t have loaded it up with a poison pill voter ID bill which Senate Democrats have defeated already twice.”
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