2026年9月30日 / 美国东部时间早上7:00 / 哥伦比亚广播公司新闻（CBS News）
作者
诺拉·奥唐奈 资深记者；《60分钟》栏目特约通讯员
诺拉·奥唐奈是多次荣获艾美奖的《60分钟》记者兼《CBS晨间新闻》联合主持人。此前，奥唐奈担任《CBS晚间新闻》主编兼主播超过五年，同时主持CBS新闻选举特别节目。她还主持了CBS新闻播客《与诺拉·奥唐奈共度健康时光》，专注女性健康议题。
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女性的寿命长于男性，但她们的患病时长也更长。这是为什么？其中一个原因是，长期以来女性健康领域的研究不足、资金匮乏。
根据梅琳达·弗兰奇·盖茨旗下Pivotal机构的研究，全球范围内每投入1美元用于医学研究与创新，仅有5美分投向女性健康领域。
美国女性健康研究协会正试图在美国改变这一现状，推出一项史无前例、为期10年、总额200亿美元的联邦路线图，旨在改善占人口半数以上群体的健康状况。
美国女性健康研究协会主席兼首席执行官凯蒂·舒伯特做客《健康时光》节目，向我解释了这项计划，并探讨了为何资助女性健康相关研究、教育和医生培训不仅有利于女性，也对整个国家有益。
这只是认识女性健康的开端
美国女性健康研究协会于1989年成立时，美国国立卫生研究院（NIH）的预算中仅有13%用于女性健康研究。如今这一占比甚至不足10%。
“我们需要确保将资金投入到研究本身，”舒伯特说道，“我们还更进一步，不能只靠研究资金。我们需要支持从事研究和临床教育的医护人员队伍。如果你去看医生，他们可能并不了解女性与男性的身体差异。”
直到1993年，美国国立卫生研究院才要求科研人员在临床研究中纳入女性受试者。舒伯特认为，这一滞后性正是女性遭遇“诊断漫游”，遭遇“不明原因疾病”的部分原因。
即便像女性心血管疾病和更年期这类病症，相关研究也严重不足，导致女性需要更长时间才能从医生那里得到明确诊断结果。
“更年期影响着占人口51%群体中的所有人，”舒伯特说道，“但却有数百万美元投入到其他研究中。”这些其他研究包括针对男性性功能健康的药物试验。
“这对整个国家都有好处”
“这是所有人都该关注的问题，而非仅仅关乎女性，”舒伯特说道。
舒伯特表示，女性是绝大多数家庭医疗决策的制定者，因此她认为加大对女性健康领域的投资所带来的创新具有重要价值。作为最有可能打理家庭事务的群体，女性是推动医疗体系资金流动的主力。
缩小性别健康差距，还有助于减少有色人种女性与白人女性之间的健康不平等。
“无论我们关注哪个领域的健康问题，情况都是如此，”舒伯特说道——医疗保健领域存在着明显的种族不平等。她指出，由于此前女性和少数群体未能充分参与医学研究，目前没有足够的知识储备来为这些群体提供恰当的治疗。再加上美国数百年来存在的系统性种族主义和性别歧视历史，情况更是雪上加霜。
舒伯特的战略将资助覆盖所有群体的研究，她认为这一举措“无疑将有助于缩小这些差距”。
包括美国妇产科医师学会、美国心脏协会和全国多发性硬化症协会在内的60多家健康组织已联名支持美国女性健康研究协会的路线图。他们正与舒伯特携手推动这项200亿美元的国家战略落地，以缩小美国男女之间的健康差距。
“这是一笔巨款，”舒伯特坦言。但她表示，这笔资金必不可少。
以正确方式构建战略
该计划在五年内将资金划分为五大“板块”。这些领域的重点包括：
- 研究与创新
- 各机构间的协调合作
- 扩大临床医生的教育和培训
- 完善数据收集工作
- 提升美国民众的健康素养
舒伯特希望看到更具包容性的数据收集方式，以便我们能更深入了解同一疾病的症状在女性和男性身上可能存在的不同表现。
“如果收集得当，像人工智能这类技术，”她说道，“将对女性健康领域产生巨大的创新推动作用。我们或许能够挖掘此前未曾意识到的数据资源。”
女性现在可以做些什么
“尽可能多地掌握相关信息，”舒伯特建议道。
在常规的医生问诊中，你与医生的沟通时间可能仅有15分钟，因此每一秒都至关重要。了解自己的身体状况和过往经历，有助于填补医生对你病情了解的空白。
“不幸的是，女性背负着……必须主动走进诊室为自己发声的负担，”舒伯特说道。
在美国女性健康研究协会致力于实现医学研究性别平等的同时，女性也需要持续了解现有研究进展。
但这一建议也附带了一则提醒：注意信息来源。“我们看到越来越多的女性在社交媒体上获取健康建议，”舒伯特说道，“其中有一些非常可靠的来源，但也有一些并不那么靠谱。”
舒伯特的下一步行动是敦促国会将该战略列为优先事项。她正在提高公众意识，促使立法者将这项资金提案转化为政策。
“我们站在前辈的肩膀上，让我们的声音汇聚成如此响亮的呼声，以至于政策制定者再也无法忽视。”
Too many women face a “diagnostic odyssey” at the doctor’s office. This $20 billion plan could change things.
September 30, 2026 / 7:00 AM EDT / CBS News
By
Norah O’Donnell Senior Correspondent; Contributing Correspondent, 60 Minutes
Norah O’Donnell is a multiple Emmy-Award winning “60 Minutes” correspondent and co-host of “CBS Mornings.” Previously, O’Donnell served as the managing editor and anchor of the “CBS Evening News” for more than five years, in addition to anchoring CBS News election specials. O’Donnell is also the host of “Healthful with Norah O’Donnell,” a CBS News podcast focused on women’s health.
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Women live longer than men, but they also spend more time being sick. Why is that? One reason is that women’s health has long been under-researched and underfunded.
According to research from Melinda French Gates’ Pivotal, for every dollar spent globally on medical research and innovation, only 5 cents are spent on women’s health.
The Society for Women’s Health Research is trying to change that in the United States with a first-of-its-kind, $20 billion,10-year federal road map to improve the health of more than half of the population.
SWHR President and CEO Katie Schubert joined me on Healthful to explain the plan and discuss why funding research, education and training for doctors benefits not only women but the nation as a whole.
This is just the beginning of understanding women’s health
When the Society for Women’s Health Research launched in 1989, only 13% of the National Institutes of Health’s budget was for women’s health. Now, that number is less than 10%.
“We need to make sure we’re investing in the research itself,” Schubert said. “We also are taking this a step further. It can’t just be research dollars. We need to support the workforce in research and in clinical education. If you show up to your doctor, they may not have an understanding of how things are different for women than men.”
It wasn’t until 1993 that scientists at NIH were required to even include women in clinical research. The effects of that are part of why Schubert believes women face a “diagnostic odyssey” with “mystery illnesses and diseases.”
Even conditions like cardiovascular disease in women and menopause are so under-researched that it takes longer for women to get answers from their doctors.
“Menopause is something that impacts 100% of that 51% of the population,” Schubert said, “and yet we have millions and millions of dollars going into other research.” That other research includes trials on medications for men’s sexual health.
“It’s good for the country”
“This is an everyone issue, not just a women’s issue,” Schubert said.
Women make a majority of the healthcare decisions for families, according to Schubert, so she sees value in the innovation that could come from a major investment in women’s health. As the ones most likely to manage a household, women are the ones driving money into the healthcare system.
Closing the gender health gap will also help reduce the disparities between women of color and White women.
“Across the board, it does not matter what issue area we are looking at,” Schubert said — there are glaring racial inequities in healthcare. She notes that since women and minorities weren’t fully included in medical research previously, there is not enough knowledge to pull from to adequately treat these groups. That, on top of a history of systemic racism and sexism that has lasted in this country for centuries.
Schubert’s strategy will fund research that is inclusive of all groups, and she believes the result “will definitely help close those disparities.”
More than 60 health organizations, including the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, the American Heart Association and the National Multiple Sclerosis Society, have signed on to the SWHR road map. They’re working with Schubert to pass the $20 billion national strategy to close the health gap between women and men in the United States.
“This is a lot of money,” Schubert acknowledges. But she says it’s necessary.
Building a strategy the right way
The plan includes five “buckets” for that funding to go into over five years. The categories focus on:
- Research and innovation
- Coordination among agencies
- Expansion of education and training for clinicians
- Improvement of data collection
- Improvement of health literacy in America
Schubert wants to see more inclusive data collecting so we can learn more about how symptoms of the same disease may present differently in women versus men.
“Things like AI, if collected correctly,” she said, are “hugely innovative for women’s health. We may be able to tap data sources we didn’t know that we had.”
What women can do now
“Arm yourself with as much information as possible,” Schubert advises.
During a typical doctor’s appointment, you may only have 15 minutes with a clinician, so every second counts. Knowing your body and what you have experienced is beneficial in filling any gaps the doctor may have on your condition.
Women “unfortunately have the burden… to go in [the doctor’s office] and advocate for ourselves,” Schubert said.
As SWHR strives for gender equality in medical research, women have to continue educating themselves on what research is out there.
But that advice also comes with a word of caution: Pay attention to your sources. “We’re seeing so many women turn to social media for their advice,” Schubert said. “There’s some really good sources, there are also some not-so-great sources.”
Schubert’s next step is pressing Congress to make the strategy a priority. She’s raising awareness so lawmakers turn the funding proposal into policy.
“We’re standing on the shoulders of those who came before us to make our voices collectively so loud that policymakers can’t ignore it anymore.”
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