2026-09-29T21:13:00-0400 / 哥伦比亚广播公司新闻
【作者】
2026年9月29日 / 美国东部时间晚上9:13 / 哥伦比亚广播公司新闻
美国国防部长皮特·黑格斯瑟周二签署一份备忘录，下令西点军校、安纳波利斯海军学院等院校立即停止授予文职教员终身教职。这是黑格斯瑟对军事高等教育体系做出的最新一轮调整。
他在备忘录中写道：“终身教职往往会导致学术停滞、教员自满，以及院校无法适应新出现的需求。此外，它还会导致课程偏离为作战人员开展教育的核心使命，转而迎合终身教职学者的研究优先事项。”
黑格斯瑟表示，他的目标是“解决那些允许文职学术规范稀释我们对致命性作战关注度的结构性机制”。
此次举措出台两个月前，哥伦比亚广播公司曾独家报道称，五角大楼高层官员正考虑终止军事院校的文职终身教职制度，并对课程开展“逐行逐项”审查，取消那些被认定为“受意识形态驱动”的课程。
各军种军事院校的教学团队由现役军官和文职人员混合组成。陆军西点军校的文职人员约占教员总数的25%，而安纳波利斯海军学院的文职人员和军官人数大致相当。
几十年来，文职教员一直可以获得终身教职。在去年的一场参议院听证会上，时任海军学院院长的海军中将伊维特·戴维兹将终身教职称为“极佳的招聘工具”，能够吸引“最优秀和最聪明的人才”。
长期以来，各军种军事院校一直在寻求平衡双重角色：既是培养未来军官的军事机构，也是资质认证齐全、要求严苛的高等学府。前西点军校院长、退役中将史蒂文·吉林兰去年曾对议员表示，该校的办学宗旨是为未来的军事领导人配备“在战争混乱局面中做出关键决策所需的智力灵活性”。
但黑格斯瑟一直在推动全面改革，指责美军教育体系存在意识形态偏向。自他就任国防部长以来，五角大楼已审查涉及种族和性别议题的馆藏图书，切断与哈佛大学和普林斯顿大学研究生项目的合作，并下令军方停止所有关于多样性、公平性和包容性的教学活动。
黑格斯瑟在去年的参议院确认听证会上曾暗示，他计划针对文职教员群体。
他说：“我们需要更多现役军官重返西点、空军学院和海军学院，凭借他们在服役期间积累的经验授课，而不是越来越多毕业于同一批左翼‘觉醒’大学的文职教授。”
詹姆斯·拉波塔与埃莉诺·沃森对本文亦有贡献。
Hegseth directs military service academies to immediately stop giving tenure to civilian professors
2026-09-29T21:13:00-0400 / CBS News
By
September 29, 2026 / 9:13 PM EDT / CBS News
Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth signed a memo Tuesday directing institutions like the Military Academy at West Point and the Naval Academy in Annapolis to immediately stop granting tenure to civilian faculty, in Hegseth’s latest change to military higher education.
“Tenure often leads to academic stagnation, faculty complacency, and institutional inability to adapt to emerging needs,” he wrote. “Additionally, it contributes to curriculum that drifts from the mission of educating our warfighters to the research priorities of the tenured academics.”
Hegseth said his goal is to “address the structural mechanisms that have allowed civilian academic norms to dilute our focus on lethality.”
The move comes two months after CBS News exclusively reported that top Pentagon officials were considering ending civilian tenure at the military academies and launching a “line-by-line” review of their courses, eliminating classes that were judged to be “ideologically driven.”
The service academies’ teaching staff includes a mixture of active-duty officers and civilians. Only about 25% of the faculty at the Army’s West Point academy are civilians, while the Naval Academy has roughly equal numbers of civilians and officers.
For decades, civilian faculty members have been granted tenure. During a Senate hearing last year, Vice Adm. Yvette Davids, then-superintendent of the Naval Academy, described tenure as a “wonderful recruiting tool” that attracts “the best and the brightest.”
The service academies have long sought to balance their roles both as military institutions that prepare future officers and accredited, rigorous universities. Retired Lt. Gen. Steven Gilland, former superintendent of the Military Academy, told lawmakers last year the school is designed to equip future military leaders with “the intellectual agility needed to make critical decisions in the chaos of war.”
But Hegseth has pushed for sweeping changes, alleging the military’s educational system is ideologically skewed. Since he took the helm as defense secretary, the Pentagon has scrutinized library books that address race and gender, cut ties with graduate programs at Harvard and Princeton, and directed the military to halt all instruction on diversity, equity and inclusion.
Hegseth suggested during his Senate confirmation hearings last year that he planned to take aim at civilian faculty.
“We need more uniformed members going back into West Point, the Air Force Academy, the Naval Academy as a tour to teach with their wisdom of what they’ve learned in uniform,” he said, “instead of just more civilian professors that came from the same left-wing, woke universities.”
James LaPorta and Eleanor Watson contributed to this report.
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