2026-09-29T19:09:22.378Z / 路透社
摘要
该政策是特朗普移民打击行动的核心工具
移民被遣送至与其毫无关联的国家
人权组织称已有2.5万名移民被送往29个“第三国”
下级法院裁定国土安全部的这项政策非法
9月29日（路透社）——美国最高法院周二允许唐纳德·特朗普总统的政府恢复将移民遣送至其本国以外的国家，且不给予他们陈述可能面临的伤害的机会，这强化了特朗普政府作为其移民打击行动一部分用于快速驱逐的一项工具。
大法官们批准了司法部的请求，暂停了波士顿联邦地区法官布莱恩·墨菲的裁决——该裁决认定国土安全部将移民遣送至所谓第三国的政策非法，同时政府将就此事向最高法院提起上诉。
《虚假信息监控》时事通讯汇总国际虚假信息叙事，每一期都包含“真实还是虚假？”问答环节。在此注册
根据人权组织的统计，自去年这项政策实施以来，已有超过2.5万名移民被遣送至29个国家，其中绝大多数被送往墨西哥。
这项政策是政府为实现特朗普大规模遣返目标而采取的多项措施之一。这位共和党总统自去年再次就职以来，一直在推行全面的移民打击行动——这是他的首要任务之一。
政府已将移民遣送至政治动荡的南苏丹——美国国务院因犯罪、绑架和武装冲突风险敦促美国公民避免前往该国——以及乌干达、赤道几内亚、利比里亚、中非共和国和其他国家。
最高法院此前曾在相关法律诉讼中支持政府，暂停了墨菲早些时候在该案中发布的暂停遣返的初步命令。此次是政府的又一次胜利，最高法院随后解除了该法官为保护一批男性移民不被送往南苏丹而施加的限制。
该案始于2025年，当时国土安全部加大了对无法被遣返至 deportation orders 上所列任何国家的移民的遣返力度。
该政策规定，移民可在不通知的情况下被迅速遣送至已提供可信外交保证、不会迫害或折磨相关个人的第三国。对于未提供此类保证的国家，被遣返者将被告知目的地，且只有在个人主动提出此类担忧时，美国当局才会评估其遭受迫害或酷刑的可能性。
移民权利组织代表一批移民提起集体诉讼，试图阻止他们在未收到通知且没有机会陈述可能面临的伤害的情况下被遣送至第三国。
今年2月，墨菲法官裁定该政策违反了移民法程序以及美国宪法第五修正案规定的正当程序保护。正当程序通常要求政府在采取某些不利行动前提供通知和听证机会。
在向最高法院提交的紧急申请中，司法部称第三国遣返是“遣返某些外国人，包括一些最恶劣的刑事外国人的基本工具”。
但墨菲和政府的批评者都表示，该政策还针对了已获得合法保护、不会被遣返回本国的移民。
原告在一份法庭文件中称，该政策导致被遣返者被第三国非法送回美国已为其提供保护的本国，另有其他人遭到殴打、性侵犯、拘留或失踪。
原告称，政府“无视将数千名长期居住在美国、许多人没有犯罪记录的移民遣送至第三国，而不顾他们在那里可能遭受的迫害或酷刑所造成的严重伤害”。
总部位于波士顿的美国第一巡回上诉法院于9月18日维持了该法官的大部分裁决。
该案自启动以来争议不断，墨菲的调查结果显示政府“多次违反或试图违反”其命令。墨菲在2025年发现，政府违反了他发布的另一项命令，该命令要求在试图将一批移民送往南苏丹前采取额外措施。
十多名联合国人权专家已致函美国政府，敦促停止相关政策。他们周一表示，这些政策通过将移民遣送至第三国，使他们面临虐待、酷刑和迫害的更高风险。
“处境最危险的是儿童、妇女、残疾人、人口贩运受害者、LGBTQ人士、人权捍卫者、无国籍人士以及其他处于极端脆弱处境的人群，”他们在未记录个别案例的情况下说道。
安德鲁·钟在纽约报道；威尔·邓汉姆编辑
Supreme Court lets Trump resume third-country deportations
2026-09-29T19:09:22.378Z / Reuters
Summary
Policy is key tool in Trump’s immigration crackdown
Migrants are deported to countries where they have no ties
Rights groups say 25,000 migrants sent to 29 “third countries”
Lower courts ruled Homeland Security policy is unlawful
Sept 29 (Reuters) – The US Supreme Court on Tuesday let President Donald Trump’s administration resume deporting migrants to countries other than their own without offering them the chance to show the harms they may face, bolstering a tool his administration has used for rapid expulsions as part of his immigration crackdown.
The justices granted the Justice Department’s request to put on hold Boston-based US District Judge Brian Murphy’s ruling that the Department of Homeland Security’s policy to remove migrants to so-called third countries is unlawful, while the administration appeals the matter to the Supreme Court.
The Misinformation Monitor newsletter rounds up international misinformation narratives, with a “Real or Fake?” quiz in every edition. Sign up here.
More than 25,000 migrants have been deported to 29 countries under the policy implemented last year, according to a tally by human rights groups, with the vast majority going to Mexico.
The policy is one of a number of measures the administration has taken in its pursuit of Trump’s goal of mass deportation. The Republican president has enforced a sweeping crackdown on immigration — among his top priorities — since returning to office last year.
The administration has carried out third-country deportations to politically unstable South Sudan, which the US State Department urges Americans to avoid due to the risks of crime, kidnapping and armed conflict, as well as Uganda, Equatorial Guinea, Liberia, the Central African Republic, and other nations.
The Supreme Court previously sided with the administration in the legal challenge, suspending a preliminary order that Murphy issued earlier in the case halting the removals. In another win for the administration, the Supreme Court subsequently lifted limits the judge had imposed to protect a group of men from being sent to South Sudan.
The case began in 2025 after the Department of Homeland Security moved to step up deportations of migrants who cannot be returned to any country listed on their deportation orders.
The policy provided that migrants could be swiftly removed without notice to third countries that have provided credible diplomatic assurance that they will not persecute or torture the individuals. For countries that have not provided such assurance, deportees would be notified of their destination and US authorities would assess the likelihood of persecution or torture only if the individual raises such fear on their own.
Immigrant rights groups filed a class-action lawsuit on behalf of a group of migrants seeking to prevent their removal to third countries without notice and a chance to assert the harms they could face.
In February, Murphy ruled that the policy violates immigration law procedures and due process protections under the US Constitution’s Fifth Amendment. Due process generally requires the government to provide notice and an opportunity for a hearing before taking certain adverse actions.
In an emergency filing to the Supreme Court, the Justice Department said third-country deportations are “an essential tool to remove certain aliens, including some of the worst criminal aliens.”
But both Murphy and critics of the administration said the policy is also targeting migrants who had been granted legal protection from being sent back to their home countries.
The policy has resulted in deportees being unlawfully transferred by third countries back to their home countries from which the US had already granted them protection, while others have been beaten, sexually assaulted, detained or have disappeared, the plaintiffs said in a court filing.
The administration is ignoring “the significant harm resulting from deporting thousands of longtime US residents, many with no criminal history, to third countries without regard to the persecution or torture they face there,” the plaintiffs said.
The Boston-based 1st US Circuit Court of Appeals upheld most of the judge’s ruling on September 18.
The case has been hotly contested since it began, and included findings by Murphy that the administration “repeatedly violated, or attempted to violate” his orders. Murphy in 2025 found that the administration had violated another order he issued requiring additional steps before attempting to send a group of migrants to South Sudan.
More than a dozen UN human rights experts have written to the US government urging a halt to policies that they said on Monday were putting migrants at heightened risk of abuse, including torture and persecution, by deporting them to third countries.
“At gravest risk are children, women, persons with disabilities, victims of trafficking, LGBT persons, human rights defenders, stateless persons and other people in extremely vulnerable situations,” they said, without documenting individual cases.
Reporting by Andrew Chung in New York; Editing by Will Dunham
发表回复