2026-09-16 23:00:36 UTC / 路透社
作者：尼科拉·古鲁姆与诺兰·D·麦卡斯克尔
2026年9月16日 世界协调时23:00 更新于30分钟前
2025年9月23日，在美国得克萨斯州阿比林参观开放AI数据中心期间，在建数据中心的钢结构框架。路透社/谢尔比·陶贝尔/ pooled/档案照片 购买授权，新标签页打开
9月16日（路透社）——美国众议院周三通过一项法案，旨在保护家庭免受与数据中心扩张相关的电费上涨影响，这是众议院首次推进直接针对该行业增长带来的经济担忧的立法。
共和党占多数的众议院以417票对3票通过了《纳税人保护法案》，该法案将要求州公用事业监管机构考虑包括数据中心在内的大型电力用户是否应当承担为其服务而建设的电力基础设施的增量成本。
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此次投票凸显了围绕美国数据中心热潮的复杂政治局面。
美国总统唐纳德·特朗普大力支持数据中心发展，认为这对人工智能领域的领导力至关重要。本周早些时候他表示，数据中心能让民众和各州变得富裕，称其为“未来20至25年的石油”。
与此同时，两党议员都面临着越来越多选民的担忧，他们对该行业激增的电力需求带来的电费上涨感到不满。
众议院共和党领导人在议员们于11月3日中期选举前离开华盛顿之前推进了这项法案。
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美国众议院议员、加州民主党人罗伯特·加西亚在投票前表示，该法案力度不足，但会获得众多议员的大力支持，他们希望后续会有更多改革举措。
“很明显，他们试图抢先应对数据中心问题，但现实是他们在这方面几乎什么都没做，”他在谈及众议院共和党人时说道。“我认为他们的很多基础选民非常愤怒。必须为民众提供真正切实的保护，而这项法案并没有做到这一点。”
马萨诸塞大学阿默斯特分校本周发布的一项民调显示，仅有11%的美国人会支持在自己社区建设人工智能数据中心。
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US House advances first bill addressing economic impact of data center boom
2026-09-16 23:00:36 UTC / Reuters
By Nichola Groom and Nolan D. McCaskill
September 16, 2026 11:00 PM UTC Updated 30 mins ago
The steel frame of data centers under construction during a tour of the OpenAI data center in Abilene, Texas, U.S., September 23, 2025. REUTERS/Shelby Tauber/Pool/File Photo Purchase Licensing Rights, opens new tab
Sept 16 (Reuters) – The U.S. House of Representatives on Wednesday passed a bill aimed at protecting households from electricity cost increases tied to the expansion of data centers, the first time the chamber has advanced legislation directly addressing economic concerns linked to the industry’s growth.
The Republican-majority House voted 417 to three in favor of the Ratepayer Protection Act, which would require state utility regulators to consider whether large electricity users, including data centers, should bear the incremental costs of power infrastructure built to serve them.
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The vote underscores the complicated politics surrounding the U.S. data center boom.
U.S. President Donald Trump strongly backs data center development as critical to leadership in artificial intelligence. Earlier this week he said data centers make people and states wealthy, calling them the “oil of the next 20, 25 years.”
At the same time, lawmakers from both parties have faced growing constituent concerns over rising electricity costs associated with the industry’s surging power demand.
House Republican leaders moved the bill before lawmakers leave Washington ahead of the November 3 midterm elections.
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U.S. Representative Robert Garcia, a California Democrat, said in advance of the vote the measure does not go far enough but would garner significant support from members who are hopeful more reforms will follow.
“Clearly, they’re trying to get in front of the data center issue, but the reality is they’ve done nothing, really, on that,” he said of House Republicans. “I think a lot of their base voters are really angry. There has to be actual real protections put in place for people, and this is not it.”
Just 11% of Americans would support construction of an AI data center in their community, according to a poll by the University of Massachusetts Amherst published this week.
Reporting by Nichola Groom in Los Angeles and Kanishka Singh and Nolan D. McCaskill in Washington; Editing by Chris Reese
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