2026年9月16日 10:04 UTC / 路透社
作者：帕特里夏·曾格勒
2026年7月10日摄于美国华盛顿国会大厦。路透社/凯莉·库珀 摄
华盛顿，9月16日（路透社）——美国众议院将于周三就一项全面制裁法案进行投票，该法案旨在加大对俄罗斯入侵乌克兰的经济施压力度，距离已故参议员林赛·格雷厄姆首次提出该法案已近一年半。
这项现已更名为《2026年林赛·O·格雷厄姆制裁俄罗斯与伊朗法案》以纪念这位已故南卡罗来纳州共和党人的法案已于上月在参议院获得通过。若众议院通过该法案，它将被送交白宫，唐纳德·特朗普总统计划在此签署生效。
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该立法将针对俄罗斯的能源和国防工业，以及其规避现有制裁的“影子舰队”油轮。
该法案还将授权特朗普对中国、印度和其他国家征收高额关税，以减少它们对俄罗斯石油和天然气的依赖，同时还将增加对伊朗的制裁。
支持者预计众议院将通过该法案，尽管自2025年4月格雷厄姆和其他数十名参议员提出该法案以来，它面临着相当大的反对阻力。直到2026年7月——也就是格雷厄姆7月11日突然去世的前几天——特朗普才允许国会共和党领导人安排该法案的投票。
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自2025年1月开启第二任期以来，特朗普总体上倾向于保留对关税和制裁的控制权——这是他外交政策的核心工具，而非与国会合作制定相关立法。
乌克兰总统弗拉基米尔·泽连斯基会见议员们敦促通过该法案，并破例在议事厅的席位上观看了早期程序性投票，此后该法案以两党压倒性支持率于上月在参议院以86票赞成、11票反对获得通过。
基辅政府敦促通过法案
泽连斯基在本周的一次讲话中重申了对该法案的支持，称“该法案获批生效至关重要。我感谢全世界所有支持这一举措、深知实力至关重要的人们”。
但该法案遭到了众议院民主党人的反对，包括该议院的一些资深领导人，他们称该法案赋予特朗普过多新的关税权力，他可能会将其用于对付美国盟友。他们表示，特朗普已经拥有对俄罗斯实施制裁所需的所有权力，但他选择不这么做。
他们还称，该法案让特朗普过于轻易地就能豁免任何制裁。
“白宫律师起草的当前文本，是为了最大限度扩大特朗普总统对美国民众征收新进口税的权力，同时最大限度减少对俄罗斯及其协助者实际实施新制裁的义务，”众议院外交事务委员会最高民主党人、来自纽约的众议员格雷戈里·米克斯说道。
一些共和党人也反对该法案，因为他们认为制裁是对自由市场的无端干预，并认为美国对乌克兰的支持违背了不干涉主义的“美国优先”外交政策理念。
还有一些人担心，在11月的中期选举前，更多关税可能会引发政治反弹，并推高消费者物价，而民调显示共和党人难以保住众议院的多数席位。
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该法案的支持者表示，它向俄罗斯乃至全世界传递了一个重要信号：华盛顿仍在支持乌克兰。
该法案的主要发起人、共和党众议员迈克尔·麦考尔在谈及俄罗斯总统时表示，普京认为他可以无限期地为这场战争提供资金。“我们需要改变他的这种盘算，确保为帮助他的行为付出代价。”
帕特里夏·曾格勒报道；安迪·沙利文与比尔·伯克罗特编辑
我们的准则：路透社信托原则
US House takes up Russia sanctions bill backed by late senator Graham
September 16, 2026 10:04 AM UTC / Reuters
By Patricia Zengerle
The U.S. Capitol building in Washington, D.C., U.S., July 10, 2026. REUTERS/Kylie Cooper
WASHINGTON, Sept 16 (Reuters) – The U.S. House of Representatives is due to vote on Wednesday on a sweeping sanctions bill intended to increase economic pressure on Russia over its invasion of Ukraine, nearly 1-1/2 years after the late Senator Lindsey Graham first introduced it.
The bill, now called the “Lindsey O. Graham Sanctioning Russia and Iran Act of 2026” to honor the late South Carolina Republican, passed the Senate last month. House passage would send it to the White House, where President Donald Trump plans to sign it into law.
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The legislation would target Russia’s energy and defense industries, as well as its “shadow fleet” of tankers that evade existing sanctions.
It also would authorize Trump to impose stiff tariffs on China, India and other countries to reduce their dependence on Russian oil and gas, as well as additional sanctions on Iran.
Supporters expect the House to approve the legislation, even though it has faced considerable opposition since Graham and dozens of other senators introduced it in April 2025. It took Trump until July 2026 — days before Graham’s sudden death on July 11 — to allow Congress’ Republican leaders to schedule a vote on the bill.
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Since starting his second term in January 2025, Trump has generally favored keeping control over tariffs and sanctions, a central tool of his foreign policy, rather than working with Congress on legislation.
The Graham act passed the Senate last month by 86-11 with strong bipartisan support, after Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskiy met with lawmakers to urge its passage and took the unusual step of watching an early procedural vote from a seat in the chamber.
KYIV GOVERNMENT URGES PASSAGE
Zelenskiy reiterated his support for the bill in an address this week, saying it is “important that it becomes law. I thank everyone around the world who supports this approach and who knows that strength works,” he said.
But it has faced opposition from House Democrats, including some of the chamber’s senior leaders, who say the bill gives Trump too many new tariff powers that he could use against U.S. allies. They say Trump already has the authority he needs to impose sanctions on Russia, but has chosen not to do so.
They also say the bill makes it too easy for Trump to waive any sanctions.
“White House lawyers drafted the current text to maximize President Trump’s authority to impose new import taxes on the American people, and to minimize any obligation to actually impose new sanctions on Russia or its enablers,” Representative Gregory Meeks of New York, the top Democrat on the Foreign Affairs Committee, said.
Some Republicans also oppose the bill because they view sanctions as unwarranted intervention in the free market and see U.S. support for Ukraine as contrary to a non-interventionist “America First” view of foreign policy.
Some others also are concerned about political blowback against more tariffs and potentially higher consumer prices ahead of November’s midterm elections, in which polls show the party struggling to keep control of the House.
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Backers of the bill say it sends an essential message to Russia — and the world — that Washington continues to support Ukraine.
Putin believes he can keep financing this war indefinitely, said Republican Representative Michael McCaul, a lead sponsor of the bill, of the Russian president. “We need to change that calculation and ensure there are consequences for helping him.”
Reporting by Patricia Zengerle; editing by Andy Sullivan and Bill Berkrot
Our Standards: The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles.
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