2026-09-15T16:18:53-0400 / 哥伦比亚广播公司新闻网
撰稿
2026年9月15日 / 美国东部时间下午4:18 / 哥伦比亚广播公司新闻网
根据美国人口普查局的最新数据，美国家庭收入中位数达到创纪录的87460美元。但问题何在？这一数字仅略高于2019年创下的此前峰值。
经通胀调整后，这意味着在经历新冠疫情动荡和消费者价格飙升的六年里，普通家庭的经济状况几乎没有改善。人口普查局周二表示，2019年美国家庭收入中位数为85320美元，这一水平直到2025年才被超越。
尽管新数据显示美国人的收入持续增长，但也表明2025年普通家庭的收入仅比2019年高出约2.5%。相比之下，疫情前的2013年至2019年这六年里，家庭收入中位数增幅达到19%。
人口普查报告还显示，去年女性薪资上涨3.2%，而男性薪资略有下降。女性薪资的强劲增长缩小了性别薪酬差距，尽管差距仍然悬殊：女性每挣1美元，男性挣近84美分，高于2024年的不足81美分。
贫困率下降
人口普查数据可能还反映了《一项宏大且美好法案》（OBBBA）实施的部分税收政策变化，该法案由特朗普总统于2025年7月签署生效。税务专家表示，高收入家庭和企业是其减税政策的最大受益者。
据人口普查局数据，收入最高的10%人群去年收入增长1.7%，达到261300美元，而最贫困的10%人群收入则略有下降，仅略高于20000美元。
密歇根大学社会工作与公共政策副教授克里斯汀·西费尔特在一封电子邮件中表示：“值得注意的是，高收入群体的中位数收入在增长，而最低收入群体的收入却停滞不前。”“税法修订降低了所有人的边际税率，我们看到高收入群体从中受益。”
去年，美国官方贫困率下降0.5个百分点，至10.2%。一些公共政策专家警告称，OBBBA对社会安全保障项目的削减所产生的影响，可能要等到2027年发布的2026年收入和贫困率普查报告中才能体现出来。
OBBBA对医疗补助和食品 stamps（食品券）实施了新的限制，后者项目在2026年的参保人数大幅下降。
密歇根大学贫困解决方案中心的数据与分析主任阿曼达·诺索夫特表示：“贫困数据看起来相当不错——尤其是儿童贫困率——但这些数据并未反映出2026年初开始生效的福利削减措施。”
编辑：阿兰·谢特尔
美联社为本报道撰稿
Americans’ incomes hit a record high in 2025. Now for the bad news.
2026-09-15T16:18:53-0400 / CBS News
By
September 15, 2026 / 4:18 PM EDT / CBS News
American households earned a record median income of $87,460 last year, according to new Census Bureau data. The catch? That figure is only slightly above the previous peak set in 2019.
Adjusting for inflation, that means the typical household has gained little economic ground in six years marked by pandemic upheaval and surging consumer prices. In 2019, households had a median income of $85,320, a level that wasn’t surpassed until 2025, the Census said on Tuesday.
While the new data indicates that Americans’ incomes have continued to climb, it also shows that the typical household in 2025 earned only about 2.5% more than in 2019. By comparison, median household income climbed 19% during the six years before the pandemic, from 2013 to 2019.
The Census report also showed that women’s paychecks rose 3.2% last year, while men’s declined slightly. The solid gain for women narrowed the gender wage gap, though it remains large, with women earning nearly 84 cents for every dollar earned by men, up from less than 81 cents in 2024.
Declining poverty rate
The Census figures also may reflect some tax changes implemented under the “One Big Beautiful Bill” act, or OBBBA, which President Trump signed into law in July 2025. High-income households and corporations were among those that received the biggest benefits from its tax cuts, according to tax experts.
The top 10% of earners reported income growth of 1.7% last year to $261,300, while the poorest one-tenth reported a slight decline to just over $20,000, according to the Census Bureau.
“It’s notable that the median income for the top earners is increasing, while income for the lowest earners is stagnant,” said Kristin Seefeldt, associate professor of social work and public policy at the University of Michigan, in an email. “The tax code has been revised to lower marginal tax rates for everybody, and we see the top earners benefiting from that.”
Last year, the official U.S. poverty rate fell 0.5 percentage points to 10.2%. Some public policy experts cautioned that the impact from OBBBA’s cuts to social safety net programs may not appear until the Census reports on 2026 income and poverty rates, which will be released in 2027.
OBBBA instituted new restrictions to Medicaid and food stamps, with the latter program reporting a sharp decline in enrollment in 2026.
“The poverty numbers look pretty good — especially child poverty — but these numbers do not reflect cuts in benefits that started to take effect at the start of 2026,” said Amanda Nothaft, director of data and analysis at the University of Michigan’s Poverty Solutions.
Edited by Alain Sherter
The Associated Press contributed to this report.
发表回复