2026-08-24T20:43:11.592Z / 路透社
渥太华8月24日电（路透社）——自美国总统唐纳德·特朗普2025年1月再次就职以来，加拿大与美国就陷入了关税战。
这场争端影响了钢铁、铝、汽车、木材等多个行业，引发了加拿大的反制措施，以及多轮谈判和关税威胁。
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旨在避免美国对价值约200亿加元的加拿大商品征收50%关税的谈判于上周五晚破裂，加拿大总理马克·卡尼随即誓言将采取反制措施。
以下是这场贸易争端中一系列关键事件的时间线，这些事件颠覆了两国长达数十年的伙伴关系：
2025年2月1日——特朗普宣布对加拿大加征关税
特朗普宣布对加拿大商品征收关税，将于2月4日生效。加拿大随即宣布一项价值1550亿加元的报复性关税方案，对首批价值300亿加元的美国进口商品征收关税。
2025年2月3日——关税暂停30天
美国同意暂停对加拿大征收关税30天；加拿大则暂停了反制措施。
2025年2月10日——特朗普将目标对准钢铁和铝业
特朗普签署行政令，从3月12日起对包括加拿大在内的所有国家的钢铁和铝进口产品征收25%的关税。
2025年3月4日——美国关税生效，加拿大启动反制
美国对加拿大商品征收25%关税、对加拿大能源产品征收10%关税的措施正式生效。
加拿大随即对价值300亿加元的美国商品征收25%关税，涉及产品包括橙汁、花生酱、葡萄酒、烈酒、啤酒、咖啡、家电、服装和摩托车。
2025年3月6日——美国给予符合USMCA标准的商品关税豁免
华盛顿豁免了符合《美国-墨西哥-加拿大协定》标准的进口商品关税。时任加拿大总理贾斯汀·特鲁多领导下的加拿大暂停了原计划的第二轮反制措施。
2025年3月12日至13日——金属关税引发加拿大更多反制措施
美国对钢铁和铝进口产品征收25%关税的措施正式生效。
加拿大于次日宣布对价值298亿加元的美国商品征收25%关税，涉及产品包括钢铁和铝制品、电脑、服务器、显示器和体育器材。
2025年3月26日——特朗普宣布对汽车加征25%关税
特朗普下令从4月3日起对进口至美国的汽车征收25%关税。
对于根据《美国-墨西哥-加拿大协定》进口的车辆，关税仅适用于美国以外生产的零部件价值部分。
2025年4月9日——汽车关税争端升级
加拿大宣布对从美国进口的不符合《美国-墨西哥-加拿大协定》标准的车辆，以及符合标准车辆中非加墨生产的零部件征收25%的反制关税。
2025年5月6日——卡尼会晤特朗普
加拿大总理马克·卡尼就任后首次访问白宫，寻求重启两国关系。
2025年6月3日——美国将钢铁和铝关税提高一倍
美国宣布将进口钢铁和铝的关税从25%上调至50%。
2025年6月16日——特朗普与卡尼设定30天达成协议的目标
卡尼与特朗普在阿尔伯塔省卡纳纳斯基斯举行的七国集团峰会间隙举行会晤。
2025年6月27日至29日——数字服务税破坏谈判，加拿大让步
特朗普因加拿大即将开征的数字服务税而突然终止与加拿大的贸易谈判，该税计划向大型科技公司征收款项。
两天后，加拿大取消了该税种，以重启与华盛顿的谈判。
2025年7月31日——特朗普将非USMCA商品关税上调至35%
特朗普签署行政令，将不符合《美国-墨西哥-加拿大协定》优惠待遇的加拿大商品关税从25%上调至35%。
白宫将这一措施与加拿大未能遏制芬太尼流入美国的说法联系起来，但官方数据并未支持这一主张。
2025年8月22日——加拿大取消大部分反制关税
卡尼宣布加拿大将取消对广泛品类美国商品的反制关税，但保留对钢铁、铝和汽车的反制措施。
2025年9月29日——美国对软木 lumber加征关税
特朗普对加拿大软木木材额外征收10%关税，使美国对该产品的总关税税率超过45%。
2025年10月7日——卡尼再次访问白宫
卡尼在椭圆形办公室与特朗普举行第二次会晤。
2025年10月24日——特朗普暂停贸易谈判
安大略省政府播出一则广告，其中引用了美国前总统罗纳德·里根对关税的批评言论，特朗普因此暂停与加拿大的贸易谈判。
2026年6月2日——美国贸易代表办公室加征12.5%关税
美国贸易代表办公室发布命令，对60个未能遏制强迫劳动制成品贸易的国家征收最高12.5%的关税，加拿大位列其中。加拿大表示，该国始终严格遵守相关规定，限制使用强迫劳动国家的产品进口。
2026年7月1日——特朗普拒绝续签USMCA
特朗普拒绝续签这项北美自由贸易协定，将其改为年度审议机制。
2026年7月20日——第338条款
特朗普签署三项行政公告，援引大萧条时期的《1930年关税法》第338条款，对价值约200亿加元的加拿大商品加征50%的额外关税，涉及产品包括加拿大葡萄酒、家具、乳制品、水泥、服装、钓鱼竿和曲棍球装备。这一威胁促使双方展开密集接触，加拿大竭力避免关税生效。
2026年8月22日——美加谈判破裂
由于双方未能达成贸易协议，美国于周六对部分加拿大商品征收50%的关税；卡尼暂停了贸易谈判，将本国谈判人员从华盛顿召回，并誓言将采取等额反制措施。
2026年8月24日——特朗普宣布新的汽车关税
周一，特朗普宣布将从2027年1月1日起对加拿大汽车、卡车和汽车零部件征收50%的关税。
普里米特·穆克吉报道；卡罗琳·斯托弗、丹尼尔·沃利斯编辑
Fentanyl, a Reagan ad and a near deal: Trump’s trade war with Canada
2026-08-24T20:43:11.592Z / Reuters
OTTAWA, Aug 24 (Reuters) – Canada and the United States have been locked in a tariff war since U.S. President Donald Trump returned to office in January 2025.
The dispute has impacted steel, aluminum, automobiles, lumber and other industries, prompting Canadian retaliation and repeated rounds of negotiations and tariff threats.
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Talks to avert 50% U.S. tariffs on around $20 billion of Canadian goods broke down late on Friday, spurring a pledge from Prime Minister Mark Carney to retaliate.
Here is a timeline of key developments in the trade dispute that have upended the decades-old relationship:
FEBRUARY 1, 2025 – TRUMP ANNOUNCES TARIFFS ON CANADA
Trump announced tariffs on Canadian goods to take effect on February 4. Canada responded by announcing a C$155 billion retaliatory tariff package, with duties on an initial C$30 billion of U.S. imports.
FEBRUARY 3, 2025 – TARIFFS PAUSED FOR 30 DAYS
The United States agreed to pause the tariffs on Canada for 30 days; Canada suspended retaliation.
FEBRUARY 10, 2025 – TRUMP TARGETS STEEL AND ALUMINUM
Trump signed orders imposing 25% tariffs on steel and aluminum imports from all countries, including Canada, starting on March 12.
MARCH 4, 2025 – U.S. TARIFFS TAKE EFFECT, CANADA RETALIATES
U.S. tariffs of 25% on Canadian goods and 10% on Canadian energy products took effect.
Canada retaliated with 25% tariffs on C$30 billion worth of U.S. products, including orange juice, peanut butter, wine, spirits, beer, coffee, appliances, apparel and motorcycles.
MARCH 6, 2025 – U.S. GIVES USMCA-COMPLIANT GOODS A REPRIEVE
Washington exempted imports compliant with the U.S.-Mexico-Canada Agreement from the tariffs. Canada, under then Prime Minister Justin Trudeau, suspended a planned second wave of retaliation.
MARCH 12-13, 2025 – METALS TARIFFS TRIGGER MORE CANADIAN RETALIATION
U.S. tariffs of 25% on steel and aluminum imports took effect.
Canada responded the following day with 25% tariffs on C$29.8 billion of U.S. goods, including steel and aluminum products, computers, servers, display monitors and sporting equipment.
MARCH 26, 2025 – TRUMP ANNOUNCES 25% AUTO TARIFFS
Trump ordered a 25% tariff on automobiles imported into the United States from April 3.
For vehicles imported under the USMCA agreement, tariffs would apply only to the value of content not produced in the United States.
APRIL 9, 2025 – AUTO TARIFF BATTLE INTENSIFIES
Canada announced 25% counter-tariffs on non-CUSMA-compliant vehicles imported from the United States and on the non-Canadian and non-Mexican content of compliant vehicles.
MAY 6, 2025 – CARNEY MEETS TRUMP
Prime Minister Mark Carney made his first visit to the White House since becoming prime minister, seeking to reset relations.
JUNE 3, 2025 – U.S. DOUBLES STEEL AND ALUMINUM TARIFFS
The United States announced an increase in its tariffs on imported steel and aluminum to 50% from 25%.
JUNE 16, 2025 – TRUMP AND CARNEY SET 30-DAY TARGET FOR A DEAL
Carney and Trump met on the sidelines of the Group of Seven summit in Kananaskis, Alberta.
JUNE 27-29, 2025 – DIGITAL TAX DERAILS TALKS, CANADA RETREATS
Trump abruptly ended trade talks with Canada over its digital services tax, which was due to begin collecting payments from large technology companies.
Two days later, Canada rescinded the tax in an effort to restart negotiations with Washington.
JULY 31, 2025 – TRUMP RAISES TARIFF ON NON-USMCA GOODS TO 35%
Trump signed an order increasing tariffs on Canadian products that did not qualify for USMCA preferential treatment to 35% from 25%.
The White House linked the measures to what it said was Canada’s failure to curb the flow of fentanyl into the United States, a claim that was not supported by official data.
AUGUST 22, 2025 – CANADA REMOVES MOST RETALIATORY TARIFFS
Carney announced Canada would remove retaliatory tariffs on a broad range of U.S. goods while keeping counter-tariffs on steel, aluminum and automobiles.
SEPTEMBER 29, 2025 – U.S. ADDS SOFTWOOD LUMBER TARIFF
Trump imposed an additional 10% tariff on Canadian softwood lumber, taking total U.S. levies on the product to more than 45%.
OCTOBER 7, 2025 – CARNEY RETURNS TO WHITE HOUSE
Carney met Trump in the Oval Office for a second time.
OCTOBER 24, 2025 – TRUMP SUSPENDS TRADE TALKS
Trump suspended trade negotiations with Canada over an advertisement aired by the Ontario government that used comments by former U.S. President Ronald Reagan criticizing tariffs.
JUNE 2, 2026 – USTR IMPOSES 12.5% TARIFFS
The office of the U.S. Trade Representative issued an order imposing an up to 12.5% tariff on 60 countries for failing to curb trade in goods made with forced labor, including Canada. Canada says it has always followed strict rules to restrict products from countries that used forced labor.
JULY 1, 2026 – TRUMP DECLINES TO RENEW USMCA
Trump declined to renew the continental free trade pact, subjecting it to annual reviews.
JULY 20, 2026 – SECTION 338
Trump signed three proclamations invoking the Depression-era Section 338 Tariff Act to impose additional 50% tariffs on some $20 billion of Canadian goods such as Canadian wine, furniture, dairy products, cement, clothing, fishing rods, and hockey equipment. The threat led to intensive engagements between the two sides as Canada sought to avert the tariffs.
AUGUST 22, 2026 – TALKS BETWEEN U.S. AND CANADA COLLAPSE
The U.S. imposed the 50% tariffs on some Canadian goods on Saturday after the two sides failed to reach a trade deal; Carney suspended trade talks, called back his negotiators from Washington and vowed dollar-for-dollar retaliation.
AUGUST 24, 2026 – TRUMP ANNOUNCES NEW AUTO TARIFFS
On Monday, Trump announced 50% tariffs on Canadian cars, trucks and automotive parts to come into effect from January 1, 2027.
Reporting by Promit Mukherjee; Editing by Caroline Stauffer and Daniel Wallis
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