2026年8月14日 / 美国东部时间下午4:51 / 哥伦比亚广播公司新闻
一艘载有数百万加仑石油的俄罗斯油轮在阿曼海岸外搁浅，目前有断裂风险，可能引发规模堪比1989年埃克森·瓦尔迪兹号漏油事件的环境灾难。
据跟踪该船数周的环保非营利组织“天空真相”（SkyTruth）创始人约翰·阿莫斯介绍，这艘与俄罗斯所谓“影子舰队”（用于运输受制裁石油）有关联的“卡罗琳·贝曾吉”号（Caroline Bezengi）于6月8日发生一起不明原因的爆炸后受损。该油轮从俄罗斯出发，途经苏伊士运河进入阿曼湾，随后船员弃船。该船被遗弃后最终搁浅在一座小型无人岛屿附近的岩滩上。
阿莫斯表示，卫星图像于6月30日首次显示漏油迹象。截至8月7日，已有数十万加仑石油泄漏。他指出，该油轮六个货舱中有五个装满了石油，意味着这艘船当时可能装载了多达4000万加仑的石油。
该船船东未公开表示会对这起事故作出回应，且该油轮可能没有足够的保险。这使得阿曼不得不承担起控制漏油、防止灾难进一步扩大的责任。据绿色和平组织消息，阿曼政府已部署飞机、潜水员和专业人员对该船进行评估，并准备开展减排工作。
英国海事安全与打捞公司安布里（Ambrey）表示，救援人员已前往该油轮。但由于季风风暴肆虐该地区，该公司称他们将面临“极端恶劣的天气和海况，影响船只稳定性”。
安全移除剩余石油需要开展复杂作业。绿色和平组织中东和北非地区活动主管哈南·凯斯克斯（Hanen Keskes）表示，只有完成这项工作，才能完全了解泄漏的严重程度。
此次事件的环境风险极高。阿曼湾和阿拉伯海栖息着受保护的海洋生物，包括海龟、鲨鱼和罕见的座头鲸种群。搁浅油轮周边水域近期刚被指定为海洋保护区。
俄罗斯的影子舰队依赖数百艘老旧油轮运作。这些船只通常通过不透明的所有权结构运营，可能几乎没有或根本没有可靠的保险，这引发了谁将最终为打捞作业和环境清理买单的疑问。
阿莫斯警告称，即便快速响应，也只能回收排入海洋的一小部分石油。
“一旦石油入海，损失就已经造成了，”他说道，并估计溢油响应工作通常只能回收约20%的泄漏石油。
潜在损失极其巨大。1989年埃克森·瓦尔迪兹号在阿拉斯加海岸泄漏至少1100万加仑石油后，埃克森公司花费了约21亿美元——按当前美元计算约合58亿美元。
Abandoned Russian tanker leaking oil off Oman coast, threatening environmental disaster
August 14, 2026 / 4:51 PM EDT / CBS News
A Russian tanker carrying millions of gallons of oil has run aground off the coast of Oman — and now risks breaking apart, potentially causing an environmental disaster on the scale of the 1989 Exxon Valdez spill.
The Caroline Bezengi, which has been linked to Russia’s so-called shadow fleet to move sanctioned oil around the world, was damaged by an unexplained explosion on June 8. The tanker had departed Russia, traveled through the Suez Canal and entered the Gulf of Oman when its crew abandoned ship, according to John Amos, whose environmental nonprofit SkyTruth has been tracking the ship for weeks. Left adrift, it eventually grounded on a rocky outcropping near a small, uninhabited island.
Satellite images showed the first signs of an oil leak on June 30, Amos said. He estimates that hundreds of thousands of gallons had spilled by Aug. 7. Five of the tanker’s six cargo holds were filled with oil, Amos said, meaning the vessel could have been carrying as much as 40 million gallons.
The damaged and half-sunken oil tanker Caroline Bezengi, at sea off the coast of Oman, on a date given as Aug. 6, 2026. Ambrey/Handout via REUTERS
The ship’s owner has given no public indication that it is responding to the accident, and the tanker may not have adequate insurance. That has left Oman with responsibility for containing the spill and preventing a far larger disaster. The government has deployed aircraft, divers and specialized personnel to assess the vessel and prepare mitigation efforts, according to Greenpeace.
Ambrey, a British maritime security and salvage company, says crews are on their way to the tanker. But they will face what the company described as “extreme adverse weather and sea conditions influencing vessel stability” as monsoon storms batter the region.
Safely removing the remaining oil will require a complex operation, and according to Hanen Keskes, regional campaigns lead at Greenpeace MENA, the full extent of the leak may not be known until that work is completed.
The environmental stakes are considerable. The Gulf of Oman and the Arabian Sea are home to protected marine life, including sea turtles, sharks and a rare population of humpback whales. The waters surrounding the grounded tanker were also recently designated a marine reserve.
Russia relies on hundreds of aging tankers in its shadow fleet. The vessels often operate through opaque ownership structures and may carry little or no credible insurance, raising questions about who will ultimately pay for the salvage operation and environmental cleanup.
Amos warns that even a rapid response can recover only a fraction of the oil released into the sea.
“Once the oil hits the water, you’ve already lost,” he said, estimating that spill-response efforts typically recover only about 20%.
The potential cost is enormous. Exxon spent approximately $2.1 billion after at least 11 million gallons of oil spilled from Exxon Valdez off Alaska’s coast in 1989 — roughly $5.8 billion in today’s dollars.
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