2026年8月7日 / 美国东部时间上午9:44 / 哥伦比亚广播公司（CBS）新闻
自2019年以来，普通美国人的薪水涨幅达到了20世纪80年代初以来的最高水平，但其中大部分都没能留在口袋里。
哥伦比亚广播公司对美国人口普查数据的分析显示，2026年上半年，典型的全职周薪为1250美元。较疫情前一年增长了342美元，涨幅达38%。
但物价上涨速度几乎与之持平。同期七年里，消费者成本上涨了30%，吞噬了普通劳动者加薪的约80%。最终每周仅多出约70美元的可支配实际收入。按七年计算，这一增幅约为6%，年均涨幅不足1%。
按七年时间计算，每周多出的70美元放在普通家庭的预算中来看只是一笔小钱：大约只够给一辆SUV加满一箱油，或是对于精打细算的四口之家来说，还不到一周三分之一的杂货开销。
这一差距解释了特朗普政府、拜登政府以及第二届特朗普政府期间，数百万美国家庭感受到的矛盾：加薪似乎从未真正改善过家庭预算状况。
通胀在2022年6月达到峰值，当时物价较上年同期上涨9%，是1981年以来的最大同比涨幅。
加薪收益并未得到公平分配。哥伦比亚广播公司能够可靠统计的职业中，约有一半劳动者的薪资跑赢了通胀，约四分之一劳动者的薪资与通胀基本持平，另有四分之一劳动者即便薪水有所上涨，实际购买力仍出现了下滑。
薪资增长的规模和模式有时与人们的预期相悖。受通胀高企影响，收入最低的10%劳动者薪资仍上涨了9.4%。普通劳动者薪资涨幅为5.9%，而收入最高的25%群体涨幅仅为2.6%——薪资水平越高，涨幅越小。
两份常见职业的薪资变化清晰展现了差距之大。注册护士和警官的年薪均约为8万美元。在这七年里，扣除通胀因素后，警官薪资涨幅近10%，但护士薪资几乎没有变化。
一些传统低收入职业的薪资涨幅最为可观。
护理和家庭健康助理、育儿工作者以及服务员，在七年里的薪资涨幅均超过通胀10个百分点以上。对于服务员来说，这其中部分原因在于计算方式：小费是账单的一定比例，因此当菜单价格上涨时，小费通常也会随之增加。
教师群体的情况则恰恰相反。扣除通胀因素后，小学和初中教师薪资缩水约5%，高中教师缩水幅度略大。
邮递员的薪资也遭遇了同样的情况。扣除通胀后，邮递员的购买力下降了约10%。2025年1月，邮递员以超过二比一的投票结果否决了一份全国临时合同，这是该工会自1978年以来首次否决合同协议。当时资方给出的基本工资涨幅约为每年1.3%。
从长期来看，哪怕是这样的小幅涨幅仍算得上是异常可观的。经通胀调整后，普通劳动者2019年至2026年的薪资上涨了5.9%，好于1979年以来的多数七年周期。1979年后的十年间，劳动者薪资经通胀调整后下降了3.6%，而整个20世纪90年代，薪资仅上涨了0.3%。
Americans got their biggest raises in 40 years. Inflation took most of it.
August 7, 2026 / 9:44 AM EDT / CBS News
The typical American’s paycheck has grown faster since 2019 than in any stretch since the early 1980s. Most of it didn’t stick.
A CBS News analysis of Census data found the typical full-time worker earned $1,250 a week in the first half of 2026. That’s up $342 from the year before the pandemic, a raise of 38%.
But prices climbed nearly as fast. Consumer costs rose 30% over the same seven years, swallowing about 80% of the typical worker’s raise. What survives is roughly $70 more a week to spend in today’s dollars. That’s about 6% over seven years or a gain of less than 1% a year.
Over seven years, $70 more a week is a small gain placed in the context of a typical family’s budget: about one gasoline fill-up for an SUV or less than one-third of a single week’s grocery run for a cost-conscious family of four.
That gap explains a contradiction millions of households felt across the Trump, Biden and second Trump administrations: raises that never seemed to change the household budget.
Inflation peaked in June 2022, when prices jumped 9% over the prior year, the sharpest increase since 1981.
The gains were not evenly shared. Across the occupations CBS News could measure reliably, roughly half of the workers beat inflation, about a quarter came out about even, and the other quarter fell behind – even if their paychecks were rising.
The size and pattern of increases sometimes ran counter to what people might expect. Pay for the lowest-earning tenth of workers rose 9.4% even after the big inflation hit. For the typical worker it was 5.9%. For the best-paid quarter, just 2.6% — the further up the pay scale, the smaller the gain.
Two familiar jobs show how wide the gap got. Registered nurses and police officers both earn about $80,000 a year. Over these seven years, police pay rose nearly 10% after inflation. But nurses’ pay barely moved when rising prices are factored in.
Some of the biggest gains came among traditionally lower-paid occupations.
Nursing and home health aides, childcare workers and waiters all beat inflation by more than 10% in the seven-year period. For waiters, part of that is arithmetic: tips are a percentage of the bill, so when menu prices jumped, tips often rose with them.
Teachers went the other way. Elementary and middle school teachers fell about 5% after considering inflation; high school teachers slightly more.
So did the people delivering our mail. Letter carriers lost about 10% in buying power. In January 2025, they voted down a tentative national contract by more than two to one, their union’s first rejection since 1978, after being offered base wage increases of about 1.3% a year.
A gain that small still counts as unusually good over the long haul. Adjusted for inflation, the typical worker’s pay rose 5.9% from 2019 to 2026, better than most seven-year stretches dating all the way back to 1979. Pay fell 3.6% after inflation in the decade after 1979 and rose just 0.3% across the 1990s.
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