2026-08-06T20:46:56.856Z / 路透社
2026年6月8日，美国佐治亚州卡特斯维尔的Qcells北美工厂内，一块太阳能电池正经过一台机器。路透社/艾莉莎·波因特
华盛顿8月6日电（路透社）——美国白宫周四对多晶硅制成的产品实施一系列最低限价政策，并征收15%的关税。多晶硅是半导体和太阳能面板的原材料，主要由中国生产。
美国总统唐纳德·特朗普根据1962年《贸易扩张法》第232条发布的这项公告，旨在支持国内芯片和太阳能供应链，以在人工智能和能源领域与北京展开竞争。
通过《交易日》新闻简报了解全球市场动态。点击此处订阅。
“该公告中的行动计划，除其他目标外，将有助于确保美国生产多晶硅及其衍生品的商业可行性，而这是满足美国经济和国家安全需求所必需的，”该命令称。
多晶硅是一种超高纯度的硅，处于半导体和太阳能制造供应链的起始环节。制造商将硅晶圆加工成太阳能电池，再组装成太阳能项目使用的面板。
过去十年间，美国太阳能工厂一直指责中国竞争对手以低于成本的价格倾销太阳能面板、获得不公平的政府补贴，并将制造业转移到其他国家以规避美国关税。
美国目前有两家多晶硅工厂。位于密歇根州的赫姆洛克半导体是康宁公司（GLW.N）和日本信越半导体（4063.T）的合资企业。总部位于慕尼黑的瓦克化学（WCHG.DE）在田纳西州运营一家工厂。
“今天的决定有助于鼓励对美国产能的持续投资，并支持美国长期的竞争力，”康宁的一位发言人表示。
瓦克化学表示正在审查这项措施，以充分了解其影响。
“考虑到这对半导体供应链韧性、先进计算基础设施以及更广泛的美国国防和安全利益的影响，我们感谢政府在该问题上的持续参与，”该公司在一份声明中称。
国内半导体制造业依赖太阳能行业，因为太阳能行业对多晶硅的更大需求有助于支撑芯片所需材料的生产。根据半导体行业协会的数据，芯片行业占全球多晶硅需求的2.4%。
自2022年国会推出税收优惠政策以来，美国太阳能制造业有所扩张。然而，这种增长大多集中在面板组装领域，导致制造商依赖进口晶圆和电池，而这些产品的投资周期更长。
包括T1能源（TE.N）、第一太阳能（FSLR.O）以及韩国韩华集团（000880.KS）美国太阳能子公司Qcells在内的美国太阳能工厂企业对特朗普的举措表示欢迎。
“这对美国先进制造业和国内能源供应链的投资来说是一场决定性的胜利，”T1能源首席执行官丹·巴塞洛在一份声明中说道。除了其德克萨斯州的太阳能面板工厂外，T1能源还计划投资5.1亿美元建设一座电池工厂。
白宫表示，这些贸易保护措施将于12月4日生效。
曾针对中国太阳能企业提起多起贸易诉讼的威利·莱因律师事务所贸易律师蒂姆·布里奇比尔警告称，延迟实施可能导致未来几个月进口量激增。
购买太阳能面板的企业辩称，需要这段延迟时间来调整供应合同以适应更高的价格。
根据白宫的一份文件，总统为多晶硅设定了每公斤21美元的最低进口价格，多晶硅锭和晶圆为每公斤100美元，太阳能电池为每瓦0.22美元，太阳能组件即面板为每瓦0.38美元。
该公告还授权商务部为投资多晶硅或其衍生产品工厂的企业设立一项激励计划。
路透社此前率先报道了美国政府将最低进口价格与关税相结合的混合体系计划。
雅各布·博亚奇和亚历山德拉·阿尔珀华盛顿报道；贾斯珀·沃德撰稿；大卫·于尔根、丹尼尔·沃利斯和妮娅·威廉姆斯编辑
Trump unveils trade actions to compete with China on solar and chips
2026-08-06T20:46:56.856Z / Reuters
A solar cell moves through a machine inside the QCells North America factory in Cartersville, Georgia, U.S. June 8, 2026. REUTERS/Alyssa Pointer
WASHINGTON, Aug 6 (Reuters) – The White House on Thursday imposed a series of price floors and a 15% tariff on products made from polysilicon, the raw material used in semiconductors and solar panels that is primarily produced by China.
U.S. President Donald Trump’s proclamation under Section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act of 1962 is aimed at supporting domestic chip and solar supply chains needed to compete with Beijing on artificial intelligence and energy.
Make sense of global markets with the Trading Day newsletter. Sign up here.
“The plan of action in this proclamation will, among other things, help ensure the commercial viability of United States production of polysilicon and its derivatives that is necessary to meet United States economic and national security requirements,” the order said.
Polysilicon, an ultra-pure form of silicon, sits at the start of the semiconductor and solar manufacturing supply chains. Manufacturers turn silicon wafers into solar cells and then assemble those into panels used in solar projects.
American solar factories for the last decade have accused their Chinese rivals of dumping solar panels in the market, receiving unfair government subsidies and moving their manufacturing to other countries to dodge U.S. tariffs.
The United States has two polysilicon factories. Hemlock Semiconductor, which operates a plant in Michigan, is a joint venture between Corning
(GLW.N)
and Japan’s Shin-Etsu Handotai
(4063.T)
. Munich-based Wacker Chemie
(WCHG.DE)
runs a factory in Tennessee.
“Today’s decision encourages continued investment in U.S. capacity and supports long-term U.S. competitiveness,” a Corning spokesperson said.
Wacker said it was reviewing the actions to fully understand their impact.
“We appreciate the Administration’s continued engagement on the issue given the ramifications for semiconductor supply chain resilience, advanced computing infrastructure, and broader U.S. defense and security interests,” the company said in a statement.
Domestic semiconductor manufacturing depends on solar because the solar industry’s larger demand for polysilicon helps support production of the material required for chips. The chip industry accounts for 2.4% of global polysilicon demand, according to the Semiconductor Industry Association.
U.S. solar manufacturing has expanded since Congress created tax incentives in 2022. Much of that growth, however, has been concentrated in panel assembly, leaving manufacturers dependent on imported wafers and cells, which require longer investment timelines.
Companies with U.S. solar factories, including T1 Energy
(TE.N)
, First Solar
(FSLR.O)
and Qcells, the U.S. solar arm of South Korea’s Hanwha
(000880.KS)
, applauded Trump’s move.
“This is a decisive win for advanced American manufacturing and investment in domestic energy supply chains,” Dan Barcelo, CEO of T1 Energy, said in a statement. In addition to its Texas solar panel plant, T1 is investing $510 million in a cell factory.
The trade protections will take effect on December 4, the White House said.
Tim Brightbill, a trade attorney with Wiley Rein who has brought several trade cases against Chinese solar companies, warned that the delayed implementation could lead to a surge of imports in the coming months.
Companies that buy solar panels have argued that the delay is needed to adjust supply contracts to higher prices.
According to a White House document, the president set minimum import prices of $21 per kilogram for polysilicon, $100 per kilogram for polysilicon ingots and wafers, $0.22 per watt for solar cells and $0.38 per watt for solar modules, or panels.
The proclamation also authorizes the Commerce Department to create an incentive program for companies that invest in factories to produce polysilicon or derivative products.
The administration’s plan to pursue a hybrid system combining a minimum import price with tariffs was first reported by Reuters.
Reporting by Jacob Bogage and Alexandra Alper in Washington; Writing by Jasper Ward; Editing by David Ljunggren, Daniel Wallis and Nia Williams
发表回复