2026-08-04T10:03:55.853Z / 路透社
2026年8月2日，美国密歇根州底特律，民主党联邦参议员候选人阿卜杜勒·埃尔赛义德在竞选集会上对媒体讲话。路透社/丽贝卡·库克
华盛顿8月4日路透电 — 路透社/益普索的最新民调显示，自由派民主党人如今已在党内占据明显多数，他们将全民医保、扩大堕胎权和对富人加税视为核心政治主张，这凸显了民主党近年来向左翼阵营靠拢的趋势。
此次民调结果公布之际，民主党周二将举行初选，左翼医生阿卜杜勒·埃尔赛义德正与温和派联邦众议员黑利·史蒂文斯角逐密歇根州联邦参议员席位的党内提名。该席位对于民主党在11月中期选举中拿下参议院多数席位的目标至关重要。
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这项于周一结束的为期六天的民调显示，自称为“自由派”的民主党人占比已从2012年的55%升至71%，而自视为“保守派”的民主党人占比则从33%降至16%。
民调发现，约76%的自由派民主党人认为，对企业和亿万富翁增税是任何自视为自由派的人都应秉持的“核心”政策主张。另有72%的人认为扩大堕胎权同样是核心诉求，71%的人表示，实现美国全民政府医保是任何自由派都应追求的必要目标。
一连串胜利
今年，左翼激进候选人接连击败更多温和派民主党人取得初选胜利，其中许多温和派候选人得到了民主党建制派的支持。这一趋势已从去年佐赫兰·曼达尼在一座深度自由派城市当选纽约市长，延伸至政治立场更分化的州份的竞选活动。
密歇根州初选正是这一趋势的最新例证：史蒂文斯得到参议院少数党领袖查克·舒默和该州多位顶尖民主党人的支持，而埃尔赛义德则获得了佛蒙特州联邦自由派参议员伯尼·桑德斯的背书。
与桑德斯一样，埃尔赛义德支持“医保即全民”计划，该计划旨在为所有美国人提供公共医疗保险，现已成为左翼激进派的标志性口号。史蒂文斯则支持强化私人健康保险补贴。
在邻近的威斯康星州——另一个政治摇摆州，尽管民主党领导层试图扶持一位更温和的候选人，民主社会主义者弗朗西斯卡·洪似乎仍有望赢得民主党州长提名。
密歇根州初选获胜者将面临在激烈的初选后团结民主党选民的任务，此次初选的分歧主要集中在两位候选人在以色列问题上的立场差异。
史蒂文斯支持继续向以色列提供军事资助，并得益于美国以色列公共事务委员会为其竞选活动投入的数千万美元支持。埃尔赛义德则尖锐批评以色列，指责其在加沙实施种族灭绝，并呼吁停止所有对以援助。
以色列问题上的分歧
路透社/益普索民调显示，仅有16%的民主党人支持向以色列提供军事和经济援助，57%的人对此表示反对。在自由派民主党人中，超过80%的人表示，减少或取消对以援助对于任何自由派而言都是重要或核心的诉求；仅有18%的人认为这并不重要。
约89%的共和党受访者自称为保守派，这一比例较2012年民调中的82%仅有小幅上升。尽管共和党人在自我身份认定上几乎达成一致，但保守派共和党人在将哪些政策目标视为“核心”的问题上分歧更大。
约56%的保守派共和党人认为，减少移民入境是保守派应秉持的核心观点，这一目标一直是唐纳德·特朗普总统上台及其执政期间的核心主张。同样，仅有50%的保守派共和党人认为，缩减联邦政府规模是成为保守派的核心要求——这一目标长期以来一直是保守派公职人员的追求。
此次民调通过线上方式在全美范围内开展，共收集了4505名美国成年人的回应，所有受访者的误差幅度为2个百分点，自由派民主党人和保守派共和党人的误差幅度为3个百分点。
杰森·朗在华盛顿、约瑟夫·阿克斯在纽约报道；斯科特·马龙和迪帕·巴宾顿编辑
本报守则：路透社诚信准则
Shifting left, Democrats see universal health care, taxing the rich as ‘essential,’ Reuters/Ipsos poll finds
2026-08-04T10:03:55.853Z / Reuters
U.S. Democratic Senate candidate Abdul El-Sayed speaks to the media during a campaign rally in Detroit, Michigan, U.S., August 2, 2026. REUTERS/Rebecca Cook
WASHINGTON, Aug 4 (Reuters) – Liberal Democrats now make up a clear majority of their party and view universal healthcare, greater abortion access and higher taxes on the rich as essential political positions, underscoring how Democrats have moved leftward in recent years, according to a new Reuters/Ipsos poll.
The finding comes ahead of a Tuesday Democratic primary in which left-wing doctor Abdul El-Sayed is vying against moderate U.S. Representative Haley Stevens for the party’s nomination to run for a Michigan U.S. Senate seat. The seat is seen as critical for Democrats’ hopes of winning a majority in that chamber in the November midterm elections.
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The six-day poll, completed on Monday, showed the proportion of Democrats who label themselves as “liberal” has risen to 71% from 55% in 2012, while the share who see themselves as “conservative” has dwindled from 33% to 16%.
Some 76% of liberal Democrats said increasing taxes on corporations and billionaires was an “essential” policy position for anyone who considers themselves a liberal, the poll found. Another 72% said the same about expanding abortion access, while 71% said achieving government-provided healthcare for all Americans was a necessary goal for any liberal.
STRING OF VICTORIES
Insurgent left-wing candidates this year have racked up a string of primary victories over more centrist Democrats, many of whom were backed by the party establishment. They have gone beyond New York Mayor Zohran Mamdani’s election last year in a deeply liberal city to vie for office in more politically divided states.
The Michigan primary is the latest example of that trend: Stevens is backed by Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer and many top state Democrats, while El-Sayed was endorsed by liberal U.S. Senator Bernie Sanders of Vermont.
Like Sanders, El-Sayed supports Medicare for All, a plan to provide public health insurance to all Americans that has become a rallying call for the insurgent left. Stevens supports strengthening subsidies for private health insurance.
In neighboring Wisconsin, another political swing state, democratic socialist Francesca Hong appears poised to win the Democratic gubernatorial nomination despite efforts by party leaders to elevate a more moderate candidate.
The winner in Michigan will face the task of reuniting Democratic voters after a bitter primary campaign that was often dominated by the candidates’ differences on Israel.
Stevens supports continued military funding for Israel and has benefited from tens of millions of dollars spent by the American Israel Public Affairs Committee backing her campaign. El-Sayed has been sharply critical of Israel, which he accuses of committing genocide in Gaza, and called for a halt to all aid.
DIVISIONS ON ISRAEL
Only 16% of Democrats support military and economic support for Israel, while 57% oppose it, according to the Reuters/Ipsos poll. Among liberal Democrats, more than 80% said reducing or eliminating that support was either important or essential for any liberal; only 18% said it was not important.
Some 89% of Republicans responding to the poll described themselves as conservative, a more modest shift from the 82% who labeled themselves that way in the 2012 poll. Despite their near-unanimity around how to describe themselves, conservative Republicans were less unified in identifying policy goals as “essential.”
Some 56% said allowing fewer immigrants into the country was an essential view for conservatives, a goal that has been central to President Donald Trump’s rise to power and years in office. Similarly, only 50% of conservative Republicans said reducing the size of the federal government was essential to being conservative — a goal long pursued by conservative officeholders.
The poll, conducted online and nationwide, gathered responses from 4,505 U.S. adults and had a margin of error of 2 percentage points for all respondents and 3 points for liberal Democrats and for conservative Republicans.
Reporting by Jason Lange in Washington and Joseph Ax in New York; editing by Scott Malone and Deepa Babington
Our Standards: The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles.
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