2026-06-20T10:30:25.407Z / https://www.cnn.com/2026/06/20/politics/inside-trump-iran-agreement
- 唐纳德·特朗普总统在凡尔赛宫用餐期间坚持要签署一份对伊协议，令东道主和助手们都感到意外。
- 这份包含14项条款的谅解备忘录遭到了特朗普支持者的批评，如今看起来已经岌岌可危。
- 谈判过程波折重重，几度濒临破裂，其中包括美国为争取协议而与以色列产生的紧张关系。
本文由AI生成摘要，并经CNN编辑审核。
当地周三，唐纳德·特朗普总统正要在凡尔赛宫共进晚餐时，提出了一项要求，令东道主法国总统埃马纽埃尔·马克龙以及他的部分助手都大吃一惊：他希望当场就在此处签署对伊协议。
特朗普的首席外交官在前往凡尔赛宫的途中得知协议文件已经敲定。但原本计划两天后，在俯瞰卢塞恩湖的一处极度私密的山间度假胜地举行签字仪式。副总统J·D·万斯作为该协议的美方首席谈判代表，本应前往瑞士签署这份谅解备忘录，并开启与伊朗的下一轮技术谈判。
但特朗普坚持协议立即生效，他执意要当晚就签字。据了解事件内情的官员透露，马克龙建议他们可以迅速安排妥当。
当两位总统漫步在镜厅，观赏颂扬路易十四早期统治的湿绘天花板时，国务卿马可·卢比奥正与法国外长一起寻找打印机打印这份备忘录。如果有人对凡尔赛宫作为和平签署地的诡异历史心存顾虑——尤其是那场结束一战却催生了另一场战争的签署仪式——他们并未提出异议。
结果证明，周五在卢塞恩的活动从未举行。以色列与黎巴嫩真主党之间的暴力冲突升级，导致伊朗退出了此次聚会，万斯因此推迟了行程。各方原本已于周五上午达成了新的停火协议。但特朗普签署协议仅几天后，这份对伊协议就显得比以往任何时候都更加脆弱。
特朗普和万斯完全有理由启动协议的下一阶段谈判，旨在敲定伊朗限制其核项目的相关承诺。即便在支持者眼中，两人也饱受猛烈批评，他们认为这份协议是一种妥协，向德黑兰方面做出了让步，却几乎没有换回任何回报。
例如，参议院军事委员会主席罗杰·威克周四表示，备忘录第六段中包含的3000亿美元重建基金，让奥巴马时代伊朗核协议中的相关付款“看起来都不值一提”。
特朗普变得愈发辩解，坚称是美国的军事优势首先让伊朗坐到了谈判桌前。他周五在社交媒体上写道：“我们不是走投无路才会面的，伊朗才是。他们完蛋了！”“我们会等满60天。他们一分钱都拿不到，一毛钱都别想！”
尽管如此，经历了数月战争后，这份14项条款的谅解备忘录显然让早已准备好结束冲突的总统松了一口气。顾问们曾警告称，全球石油库存正在减少。共和党人对即将到来的中期选举焦虑万分。
特朗普本周自己也承认，是经济方面的担忧促使他签署了这份协议。他告诉记者，他担心自己会被拿来与赫伯特·胡佛作比较——那位在任期间引发了开启大萧条的市场崩盘的美国总统。
“我不想看到经济灾难，”他周三在埃维昂莱班的皇家酒店对记者说，当时他刚结束七国集团峰会。
几个小时后，也就是当晚11点刚过，特朗普在凡尔赛宫的下层长廊，在一张长长的 banquet 餐桌上用马克笔签下了名字，背景中餐盘和玻璃器皿碰撞作响。
“这可不容易，我可以跟你们说，”他对包括华尔街大亨和法国最大奢侈品集团董事长在内的晚宴宾客说。他举起备忘录向大家展示自己的签名。
“太棒了，”马克龙说道。有人拍下了这份文件的照片，准备发给伊朗方面。
这场即兴签署仪式是为敲定这份协议而进行的仓促冲刺的高潮，期间充满了无数波折和濒临破裂的时刻。在很多时候，整个进程都充满混乱，而特朗普本人往往是混乱的源头。数周以来，总统时而暗示协议即将达成，时而威胁如果伊朗不遵守他的红线，就恢复全面敌对行动。
即便在谅解备忘录达成后，实际文本也被隐藏了数日未向公众公开。据万斯透露，部分原因是巴基斯坦调解人告诉美国官员，伊朗方面出于自身国内目的想要推迟公布。
最终，文本还是被公开了——还是通过一名美国高级官员向记者宣读的方式。官员们提到了谅解备忘录中未包含的“君子协定”，称这些属于幕后达成的共识，让他们对这份协议有信心。
牵头谈判的万斯周四对记者表示，其中一些附带协议已经书面记录下来，随后他补充道：“谅解备忘录、君子协定、最终协议——女士们先生们，言辞无关紧要。我们关注的是核查。”
据一位熟悉特朗普政府向国会高层议员简报情况的消息人士透露，美国谈判人员公布了这份谅解备忘录，并未等待伊朗高层签署更详细的提案，部分原因是他们不想推迟下一阶段的谈判。要让伊朗正式批准那些仍处于保密状态的提案，还需要额外的时间。
但即便在凡尔赛宫签署这份14项条款的协议，也一度令人困惑，因为美国官员此前曾表示，特朗普本周早些时候已经以电子方式签署了文件。
后来查明，特朗普当时只是见证了早前的签署。周三，他希望确保有一份纸质副本由他和伊朗总统共同签署，以确保协议生效。
“签好了，”当地时间凌晨1点刚过，特朗普从宫中走出来时喊道，“我在凡尔赛签的。”
白宫内部的顾问曾预计，等到一系列夏日庆祝活动陆续到来时，冲突早已结束：世界杯揭幕战、特朗普生日当天在南草坪举行的终极格斗冠军赛、美国建国250周年庆典。
但相反，这场战争成了所有活动背后暗流涌动的背景。它拖累了全球经济和特朗普本人的支持率。他二月份发动空袭的决定，即便在他试图向前推进时，也一直笼罩着他的总统任期。
在西翼办公室内，许多高级官员长期以来一直在推动找到一条“脱身之路”。特朗普的政治团队主张寻求出路，以在中期选举前保护处境脆弱的共和党人，同时维护总统的政治遗产。财政部长斯科特·贝森特也对战争的经济影响表示担忧。据知情官员透露，能源部长克里斯·赖特对全球能源行业可能受到的影响感到警惕。
“大家普遍承认，如果这场战争继续下去，情况会变得更糟，”一位熟悉谈判的消息人士说。
六月初在白宫举行的一次内部会议上，特朗普和他的助手们决定推动与伊朗达成一份总体协议，重新开放霍尔木兹海峡，并就拆解伊朗核项目 outline 一个广泛框架。
一位参与谈判的官员表示，最终没有总统的顾问反对推进这一计划，团队决定在初步停战协议达成后，在新的60天技术谈判期间重新评估局势。
在之后的几周里，特朗普的国家安全团队几乎每天都开会讨论不断演变的协议。直接参与谈判的政府官员表示，许多人担心德黑兰方面不会遵守协议条款。
一位官员透露，中央情报局局长约翰·拉特克利夫和国防部长皮特·赫格塞思是“最悲观”的人，他们怀疑伊朗方面是否会兑现承诺，在核项目上做出实质性让步，即便他们同意就此进行谈判。但官员们表示，几乎所有高级官员——包括卢比奥、万斯以及特朗普的特使史蒂夫·威特科夫和贾里德·库什纳——都在不同阶段提出了严重的保留意见。
但最终，在特朗普本人的推动下，各方达成了共识：“我们想尽快了结这件事，”一位直接参与谈判的政府官员告诉CNN。
尽管如此，特朗普和他的团队急于结束战争的决定很快就遭遇了阻碍。与伊朗的谈判进程缓慢而痛苦，在等待最高领袖穆赫塔巴·哈梅内伊的回复时出现了长时间的延误。美国官员认为，哈梅内伊通过信使传递信息以隐瞒自己的行踪。
美国官员正等待对他们最新提案的回复时，6月8日，一架美国阿帕奇直升机与一架伊朗无人机相撞，导致美国飞行员被迫进行惊险的水上救援，并引发了新一轮报复性打击。
在接下来的几天里，特朗普怒不可遏——他认为德黑兰方面和媒体都没有认真对待他对这一事件的回应。他在白宫大发雷霆，下令每日实施轰炸行动。
与此同时，一个卡塔尔官员代表团正在德黑兰，试图从伊朗方面获取一份特朗普可以批准的反提案。就在特朗普威胁再发动一夜空袭时，卡塔尔方面传来消息称，双方谈判立场的一些分歧已经缩小。
特朗普取消了空袭行动，并在生日周末时认为协议比以往任何时候都更接近达成。
结果另一个障碍又接踵而至。周日——特朗普的80岁生日当天——以色列对贝鲁特郊区发动致命打击，引发了新一轮的慌乱，试图挽救这份特朗普认为几乎已经敲定的协议。以色列是在回应真主党的袭击，但特朗普和他的顾问将此解读为总理本雅明·内塔尼亚胡试图阻挠协议达成。
特朗普在一通充满脏话的电话中严厉斥责了内塔尼亚胡。与此同时，他的顾问们努力阻止伊朗即将到来的报复行动。在德黑兰，卡塔尔谈判代表进行了马拉松式的会谈，试图挽救协议，并频繁向威特科夫、库什纳和其他美国官员汇报进展。
经过17个小时的谈判，伊朗方面撤回了已部署在发射架上、准备袭击以色列的弹道导弹。卡塔尔方面拒绝了伊朗要求修改协议文本的诉求，警告特朗普的耐心正在耗尽。
但德黑兰坚持了一项要求：伊朗拒绝在特朗普生日当天宣布协议达成。
担心出现更多延误，调解人想出了一个巧妙的解决方案。协议将在德黑兰时间午夜刚过时宣布，比华盛顿时间早7个半小时，当时特朗普正准备在南草坪举行一场生日笼中格斗赛。
CNN的阿莱娜·特里尼、凯蒂·博·利利斯、扎卡里·科恩和克里斯汀·霍姆斯为本报道做出了贡献。
Inside Trump’s mad dash to sign an agreement with Iran
2026-06-20T10:30:25.407Z / https://www.cnn.com/2026/06/20/politics/inside-trump-iran-agreement
- President Donald Trump insisted on signing an agreement with Iran during dinner at Versailles, surprising his host and aides.
- The 14-point memorandum of understanding, which has drawn criticism from Trump’s supporters, already appears fragile.
- The negotiation process involved multiple twists and turns and several near-collapses, including tension with Israel over US efforts to secure an agreement.
AI-generated summary was reviewed by a CNN editor.
President Donald Trump was about to sit down for dinner at Versailles on Wednesday when he surprised both his host, French President Emmanuel Macron, and some of his own aides with a demand: he wanted to sign his agreement with Iran then and there.
Trump’s top diplomat had received word on the way to the palace that the document had been finalized. But there was already a signing ceremony scheduled for two days later at an ultra-exclusive mountainside retreat overlooking Lake Lucerne. Vice President JD Vance, the top American negotiator of the accord, was supposed to head to Switzerland to ink the memorandum of understanding and begin the next round of technical talks with Iran.
Trump, however, was adamant the agreement take effect immediately. He insisted he sign it that night. Macron advised them he could arrange it quickly, according to officials familiar with the events.
As the two presidents strolled the Hall of Mirrors, inspecting the frescoed ceilings glorifying the early reign of Louis XIV, Secretary of State Marco Rubio was with the French foreign minister, finding a printer to spit out the memo. If anyone had concerns over Versailles’ haunted history as the host of peace signings — namely the one that ended WWI but gave rise to another — they didn’t raise them.
As it turned out, Friday’s event in Lucerne never happened. Vance delayed his trip after Iran pulled out of the gathering amid a flareup in violence between Israel and Hezbollah in Lebanon. The parties had agreed to a renewed ceasefire as of Friday morning. But the Iran agreement, only days after Trump signed it, appeared more fragile than ever.
Trump and Vance have every reason to get started on the next phase of the agreement, which is intended to nail down commitments from Iran on curtailing its nuclear program. Each man has come under withering criticism even from their supporters, who see the agreement as a capitulation that offers concessions to Tehran while extracting little in return.
Senate Armed Services Chairman Roger Wicker, for example, said Thursday that a $300 billion reconstruction fund included in the sixth paragraph of the memo makes the payments in the Obama-era Iran nuclear deal “look like a pittance.”
Trump has grown defensive, insisting it was US military dominance that brought Iran to negotiations in the first place. “We didn’t meet out of desperation, Iran did. They are FINISHED!” he wrote on social media Friday. “We’ll play out the 60 days. They get no money, not ten cents!”
Still, after months of war, the 14-point memorandum of understanding clearly came as a relief to a president who’d long been ready for the conflict to end. Advisers had warned that global oil stockpiles were shrinking. Republican anxiety about the upcoming midterm elections was fevered.
Trump acknowledged himself this week that it was economic concerns that led him to sign the agreement, telling reporters he feared being compared to Herbert Hoover, the American president who presided over a market crash that began the Great Depression.
“I didn’t want to see economic catastrophe,” he said Wednesday at the Hôtel Royal in Évian-les-Bains as he concluded a Group of 7 summit.
A few hours later, just after 11 p.m., Trump was in the Lower Gallery of Versailles putting Sharpie to paper at a long banquet table, plates and glassware clinking in the background.
“This was not easy, I can tell you,” he told his dinner companions, which included Wall Street titans and the chairman of France’s largest luxury conglomerate. He lifted the memo to show them his signature.
“Bravo,” Macron offered. Someone snapped a photo of the document to send to Iran.
The impromptu signing was the culmination of a mad dash to finalize the accord, peppered with myriad twists and near-collapses. At times, the process took on a sense of chaos, often fueled by Trump himself. For weeks, the president veered between signaling a deal was close and threatening to resume active hostilities if Iran didn’t submit to his red lines.
Even after the memorandum of understanding was struck, the actual text was kept hidden from public view for days, in part because Pakistani mediators told American officials the Iranians wanted to wait for their own internal purposes, according to Vance.
Once it was finally publicized — which only came by way of a senior US official reading it aloud to reporters — officials described “gentleman’s agreements” not contained in the actual text but reflecting back-channel understandings they said gave them confidence in the accord.
Vance, who has taken the lead in negotiations, told reporters on Thursday some of those side deals are written down, before adding: “The MOU, the gentleman’s agreements, the final deal — words don’t matter, ladies and gentlemen. We’re about verification.”
US negotiators released the MOU, without waiting for Iran’s senior leadership to sign off on the more detailed proposals, in part because they did not want to delay the next phase of negotiations, according to one source who is familiar with what Trump officials briefed to top congressional lawmakers. It would have required additional time to secure Iran’s formal sign off on those still-secret proposals.
But even the Versailles signing of the 14-point accord proved momentarily confusing, since US officials had already said Trump digitally signed the document earlier in the week.
Trump, it turned out, had only witnessed the earlier signing. On Wednesday, he wanted to make sure a hard copy was signed both by him and Iran’s president to ensure the agreement took effect.
“It’s signed,” Trump called out as he emerged from the palace just past 1 a.m. local time. “Signed it in Versailles.”
Advisers inside the White House once projected the conflict would be well over by the time a string of celebratory summer events rolled around: the start of the World Cup, a UFC fight on the South Lawn on Trump’s birthday, the nation’s 250th birthday.
Instead, the war had become the percolating backdrop to all of it. A drag on the global economy and Trump’s own popularity, his decision to launch strikes in February had come to shadow his presidency even as he tried to move on.
Inside the West Wing, many senior officials had long been pushing for an off-ramp. Members of Trump’s political team advocated for a way out to protect vulnerable Republicans ahead of the midterm elections and the president’s political legacy. Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent shared concerns over the war’s economic impact. Energy Secretary Chris Wright was wary of the effects to the world’s energy industry, officials familiar with the matter said.
“There was broad acknowledgement that if this went on, it was going to get even worse,” said one source familiar with the talks.
During an internal meeting at the White House in early June, Trump and his aides decided to press for a general agreement with Iran to reopen the Strait of Hormuz and outline a broad framework on dismantling Iran’s nuclear program.
None of the president’s advisers ultimately opposed moving forward with that plan, an official involved in the talks said, with the group deciding to reassess where things stood over the course of a new, 60-day period for technical talks after the preliminary agreement to end the war was struck.
In the weeks afterward, Trump’s national security team met nearly every day to discuss the evolving agreement. Many were concerned that Tehran would not hold up its end of the bargain, administration officials directly involved in the negotiations said.
CIA Director John Ratcliffe and Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth were among the “most pessimistic” about whether the Iranians would honor their commitments to make substantive concessions on their nuclear program, even if they agreed to negotiate on that issue, one of the officials said. But at various points, nearly every senior official — including Rubio, Vance and Trump’s envoys Steve Witkoff and Jared Kushner — raised serious reservations, the officials said.
But they ultimately reached consensus driven by Trump himself: “We want to get this thing over with,” an administration official directly involved in the talks told CNN.
Still, it quickly became clear that Trump and his team’s rush to conclude the war would face obstacles. Negotiating with the Iranians was a slow, pained process that involved lengthy delays in getting a response from Supreme Leader Mojtaba Khamenei, who American officials believe is using couriers to conceal his location.
US officials were waiting for a response to their latest proposal when, on June 8, an American Apache helicopter collided with an Iranian drone, leading to a dramatic water rescue of the US pilots and setting off a new round of retaliatory strikes.
Over the course of several days, Trump grew furious — believing both Tehran and the media were not taking his response to the incident seriously enough. He fumed at the White House as he ordered up daily rounds of bombardments.
At the same time, a delegation of Qatari officials was in Tehran trying to extract a counteroffer from the Iranians that Trump could approve. As Trump was threatening another night of strikes, word arrived from the Qataris that some of the gaps in the two sides’ negotiating positions had narrowed.
Trump called off the strikes, and entered his birthday weekend under the belief an agreement was closer than ever.
It turned out another roadblock was looming. A deadly Israeli strike on a Beirut suburb on Sunday — Trump’s 80th — set off another scramble to salvage a deal Trump believed was nearly complete. Israel was responding to attacks by Hezbollah, but Trump and his advisers interpreted the action as Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu’s attempt to stymie the agreement.
In an expletive-laden phone call, Trump excoriated Netanyahu. Meanwhile, his advisers worked to stave off an Iranian retaliation, which appeared imminent. In Tehran, Qatari negotiators held marathon talks to try and salvage the agreement, reporting back frequently to Witkoff, Kushner and other American officials on their progress.
After 17 hours of discussions, the Iranians stood down the ballistic missiles that had been placed in launchers to fire toward Israel. Demands that changes be made to the text of the agreement were rebuffed by the Qataris, who warned Trump’s patience was running thin.
Tehran did stick to one demand, however: Iran refused to have the agreement announced on Trump’s birthday.
Fearing any more delays, mediators arrived at a creative solution. The accord would be announced just after midnight in Tehran, seven-and-a-half hours ahead of Washington, where Trump was preparing for a birthday cage fight on the South Lawn.
CNN’s Alayna Treene, Katie Bo Lillis, Zachary Cohen and Kristen Holmes contributed to this report.