2026-08-10T14:55:48.236Z / 路透社
摘要
- 9月15日的程序性投票将衡量法案支持者能否达到60票门槛
- 批评者呼吁出台更严格的反洗钱规则并扩大州执法权
- 选举年里，议员们解决分歧的时间所剩无几
8月10日（路透社）——尽管美国参议院共和党人承诺下月议员返回国会山后将推进该法案，但美国加密货币行业有望获得一代人一遇的数字资产立法的可能性正在减小。
对加密货币行业而言，一则打击性消息是：参议院已于周六离开华盛顿，进入为期五周的八月休会，未就广受期待的《清晰法案》进行投票。该法案将为数字资产建立监管框架。
财力雄厚的加密行业已斥资数亿美元开展游说活动以推动该法案，他们称此举将让加密公司获得稳固的法律地位。不过，民主党人、部分共和党人和其他批评人士认为，该法案缺乏严格的洗钱和道德保障措施。
由于该法案仍面临关键民主党人的反对，而这些议员是争取60票所需的关键力量，且参议院被其他事务拖慢进度，参议院多数党领袖、共和党人约翰·图恩于周六发起一项程序性投票，该投票可将法案推进至参议院全院投票的进程推迟至9月。
但许多分析师和游说人士都对该法案的未来表示怀疑。这是因为11月的选举——众议院全部席位和约三分之一的参议院席位将进行改选——将占据议员们的全部注意力，且在另一段繁忙的会期内参议院会议时长将被压缩，议员们几乎没有时间解决持续存在的分歧。
“我认为这希望渺茫，”圣菲尔德公司首席华盛顿政策战略家布莱恩·加德纳说道，他补充称，议员们似乎尚未接近达成共识，尤其是在存在争议的道德条款方面。
“与被子弹击中一样致命”
参议院将于9月14日复会，计划在10月选举休会前仅召开14天会议，年底前再召开22天会议。
图恩于周六提交了“终结辩论”申请，定于9月15日就限制法案辩论并推进全院投票的动议进行投票。这需要获得60票，将成为检验该法案未来前景的关键考验。游说人士称，若程序性投票失败，实际上可能会扼杀该法案。
若投票成功，参议院规则随后可能要求在最终投票前进行多日程序性步骤，包括辩论和审议进一步修正案。争取到这段时间将颇具挑战，因为参议院通常需要在今年晚些时候审议其他必要的国防和拨款法案。
分析师表示，如果法案拖延至2027年，选举结果预计将成为主要障碍。
尽管参议院席位竞争激烈，但民调显示民主党有望夺回众议院多数席位，而众议院仍需批准参议院版本的《清晰法案》。分析师称，众议院民主党人预计明年将专注于对唐纳德·特朗普政府的监督调查，而非优先推进加密货币立法。
在投票推迟的消息传出后，在法案起草和谈判中发挥核心作用的怀俄明州共和党参议员辛西娅·勒米斯在社交媒体帖子中似乎承认，这些挑战已使法案的推进之路变得复杂。
“千刀万剐与被子弹击中一样致命，”她写道。
不过，加密行业的许多人仍抱有希望。加密行业贸易集团“数字商会”首席执行官科迪·卡博内称，此次推迟令人失望，但他认为参议院仍有机会在9月14日当周推进该法案，并补充道：“斗争远未结束。”
图恩的发言人未立即回应置评请求。
加密行业的道德争议
该法案明确了代币的法律地位，指定了监管代币的机构，并对加密公司施加了其他义务。它还将禁止政府官员运营自己的加密业务，其中包括去年报告其家族加密企业收入超过14亿美元的特朗普。
这成为民主党人的一个症结所在，他们希望出台更严格的条款，允许州总检察长在执行该禁令时充当第二道防线，赋予他们在认为司法部执法不够严厉时起诉司法部的权力。
目前尚不清楚白宫是否会同意这一要求，一名发言人未回应置评请求。民主党人和部分共和党人也一直在呼吁出台更严格的反洗钱管控措施。
“如果你是该法案的支持者，不应完全放弃希望，但目前形势并不乐观，”资本阿尔法合伙人公司董事总经理伊恩·卡茨说道。
该法案另一个有争议的方面涉及加密货币交易所和其他机构是否允许就客户持有的美元稳定代币支付奖励的范围。
银行业一直在反对这项条款，辩称这将为为放贷提供资金的存款创造竞争。加密公司称，禁止奖励将是反竞争的。
一些共和党参议员表示，若不加强对社区银行存款的保护，他们将不会支持《清晰法案》。
美国独立社区银行家协会首席执行官丽贝卡·罗梅罗·雷尼称，银行家们将继续为这些修改而斗争。
“我们将不遗余力地让议员们意识到，按照目前法案的措辞，存款外流的风险极大，”她说。
由汉娜·朗在纽约报道；大卫·摩根补充报道；米歇尔·普莱斯和尼克·齐明斯基编辑
Crypto bill faces long odds after Senate punts vote to September
2026-08-10T14:55:48.236Z / Reuters
Summary
September 15 cloture vote will gauge whether backers can reach the 60-vote threshold
Critics seek stronger anti-money laundering rules and broader state enforcement powers
Time running out for lawmakers to resolve differences in election year
Aug 10 (Reuters) – The chances that the U.S. crypto industry will win once-in-a-generation digital asset legislation are dimming, despite Senate Republicans promising to advance the bill when lawmakers return to Capitol Hill next month.
In a blow for the crypto industry, the Senate left Washington on Saturday for the five-week August recess without a much-anticipated vote on the Clarity Act, which would create a regulatory framework for digital assets.
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The deep-pocketed industry has spent hundreds of millions of dollars campaigning to advance the bill which they say will put crypto companies on a solid legal footing, although Democrats, some Republicans and other critics say it lacks tough money laundering and ethics safeguards.
With the bill facing continued opposition from key Democrats needed to clinch 60 votes, and the Senate logjammed with other business, Senate Majority Leader John Thune, a Republican, on Saturday pushed a procedural vote that could kickstart the process of advancing the bill to the Senate floor to September.
But many analysts and lobbyists are skeptical that it has a future. That’s because the November elections, in which the House of Representatives and roughly a third of the Senate are up for reelection, will dominate lawmakers’ attention and truncate Senate sessions during another busy stretch, leaving little time for lawmakers to resolve ongoing differences.
“I think it’s a long shot,” said Brian Gardner, chief Washington policy strategist at Stifel, adding lawmakers do not appear to be close to an agreement, particularly on contentious ethics provisions.
‘AS FATAL AS A BULLET’
The Senate returns on September 14 and is scheduled to be in session for just 14 days before the October election recess, and a further 22 days before year end.
Thune on Saturday filed for “cloture,” setting up a September 15 vote on whether to limit debate on the bill and advance it to a full floor vote. That requires 60 votes, and will be a key test of whether the bill has a future. A failed cloture vote could effectively kill the bill, lobbyists said.
If it succeeds, Senate rules could then require days of procedural steps before a final vote, including debate and consideration of further amendments. Finding that time will be challenging, as the chamber usually has to consider other essential defense and funding bills later in the year.
If the bill drags into 2027, the election outcome is expected to become a major obstacle, analysts said.
While the Senate is up for grabs, polls favor Democrats regaining the majority in the House, which still has to bless the Senate version of the Clarity Act. House Democrats are expected next year to focus on oversight investigations of President Donald Trump’s administration rather than prioritize crypto legislation, said analysts.
In a social media post following news that the vote had been delayed, Wyoming Republican Senator Cynthia Lummis, who has played a central role drafting and negotiating the bill, appeared to acknowledge that these challenges have complicated the bill’s path.
“Death by 1,000 cuts is just as fatal as a bullet,” she wrote.
Many in the crypto industry, though, are clinging to hope. Cody Carbone, chief executive of crypto industry trade group the Digital Chamber, said the delay was disappointing, but that he believed there was still room for the Senate to advance the bill in the week of September 14, adding: “The fight is far from over.”
Spokespeople for Thune did not immediately respond to a request for comment.
CRYPTO ETHICS FIGHT
The bill defines the legal status of tokens, specifies which regulators oversee them and imposes other obligations on crypto companies. It would also ban government officials from operating their own crypto businesses, including Trump, who reported more than $1.4 billion in income from his family’s crypto ventures last year.
That has been a sticking point for Democrats, who want much tougher language that would allow state attorneys general to act as a second line of defense in enforcing that ban, empowering them to sue the Justice Department if they believe the agency is not being tough enough.
It is unclear whether the White House will agree to that, and a spokesperson did not respond to a request for comment. Democrats and some Republicans have also been pushing for tougher anti-money laundering controls.
“I don’t think that all hope should be given up if you’re a proponent of the bill, but it doesn’t look great,” said Ian Katz, managing director of Capital Alpha Partners.
Another contentious aspect of the bill deals with the extent to which crypto exchanges and other players are allowed to pay rewards on customer holdings of dollar-backed tokens called stablecoins.
The banking industry has fought this provision, arguing that it would create competition for deposits that fund lending. Crypto companies say that prohibiting rewards would be anti-competitive.
Some Republican senators have said they will not back the Clarity Act without stronger protections for community bank deposits.
Rebeca Romero Rainey, chief executive of the Independent Community Bankers of America, said lenders will continue to fight for those changes.
“We are leaving no stone unturned so that lawmakers recognize the danger of deposit flight as the bill is written,” she said.
Reporting by Hannah Lang in New York; additional reporting by David Morgan; editing by Michelle Price and Nick Zieminski