2026-05-14T10:04:21.673Z / 路透社
作者：贾勒特·伦肖、南迪塔·博斯、雅各布·博亚奇
2026年5月14日 美国东部时间上午10:04 更新于7分钟前
![2026年3月20日，美国佐治亚州亚特兰大一家加油站内，一名司机正在为车辆加油。路透社/艾莉莎·波因特]
- 随着燃油价格飙升、可用选项日渐减少，白宫正考虑暂停联邦汽油税
- 民调显示多数美国人感受到经济压力，许多人质疑这场战争是否值得付出代价
- 部分共和党议员支持暂停汽油税，但共和党领导层迄今态度暧昧
5月14日（路透社）——三位熟悉白宫讨论的知情人士告诉路透社，随着快速解决伊朗战争的希望破灭，特朗普政府官员正急于控制这场战争带来的经济和政治影响。
美国总统唐纳德·特朗普本周支持暂停联邦汽油税，这一举措将使当前全国平均每加仑超过4.50美元的燃油价格降低18美分。一些白宫助手此前认为此举没有必要，但随着官员们可用的举措越来越少，为了表明他们正在应对物价上涨，这一想法正变得愈发紧迫。这些知情人士要求匿名，以便讨论敏感的内部审议情况。
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其中一位知情人士表示，白宫内部已达成共识，鉴于战争爆发以来油价上涨了50%，特朗普现在“必须采取看得见的消费者救济措施”。
从历史来看，每加仑4美元的汽油价格是引发公众强烈不满和经济焦虑的临界点。自战争爆发以来的情况也印证了这一点：消费者信心近期跌至历史低点，美国4月消费者通胀率飙升至3.8%，为近三年来最高水平。
根据5月路透社/益普索的一项民调，超过六成美国人表示自家财务状况受到油价上涨的冲击，特朗普的经济支持率仅为30%，较战争开始以来下降了数个百分点。
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如今，特朗普面临着来自共和党同僚的越来越大的压力，他们担心战争造成的经济痛苦可能引发选民反弹，导致共和党在11月的中期选举中失去众议院乃至参议院的控制权。
另外两位熟悉讨论情况的人士透露，政府官员一直在仔细研究市场数据，以判断全国平均油价是否可能攀升至每加仑5美元。美国汽车协会（AAA）的数据显示，已有七个州的油价超过了这一关口。
“他们认为这是他们目前最大的软肋：具体到汽油价格，而非整体经济状况，”一位白宫政治顾问表示，“最棘手的是，我们曾将汽油价格作为（前总统乔）拜登的致命弱点，现在却轮到我们自己了。”
白宫发言人泰勒·罗杰斯表示，特朗普及其能源团队早已预料到战争会扰乱全球能源市场，并已制定计划减轻其影响。
“为美国和我们的盟友提供可靠、负担得起且安全的能源，长期以来一直是特朗普总统的关键战略目标，而他成功推动美国石油和天然气产业发展的举措已经实现了这一目标，”罗杰斯说。
“代价微小”
随着亚洲和欧洲买家争相采购所需供应品，美国石油和燃料出口飙升至纪录高位，政府的担忧也随之加剧。这导致美国库存本应上升之际却出现下降，华尔街分析师对此发出警告，称美国可能面临供应紧张，进而导致今夏汽油、柴油和航空燃油价格进一步上涨。
自伊朗切断霍尔木兹海峡航道以来，能源价格大幅飙升。这条航道通常承担着全球五分之一的石油运输量。从航空公司到麦当劳（MCD.N）等各类企业都感受到了影响，这家快餐巨头的首席执行官上周表示，低收入消费者的支出有所减少。
根据美国交通部的数据，3月份美国航空公司的燃油成本较2月份跃升56%，挤压了本就利润微薄的航空公司的空间，其中包括已于5月初停业的陷入困境的廉航精神航空公司。
特朗普称，这些价格上涨是为推翻伊朗政权、阻止德黑兰获取核武器所付出的“微小代价”。
当被问及周二美国人的财务状况是否促使他寻求达成协议时，特朗普回答：“一点也不。”
“我谈论伊朗时唯一重要的事情是——他们不能拥有核武器，”特朗普对记者表示，“我不会考虑美国人的财务状况，我不会考虑任何人。我只考虑一件事——我们不能让伊朗拥有核武器。仅此而已。”
汽油税提案获得支持
一位熟悉白宫讨论的人士表示，汽油税提案在4月底还被视为备选方案，但在过去一周，随着伊朗停火谈判陷入僵局，官员们认为他们需要推出一项美国人能够切实感受到的政策转向，这一想法因此获得了支持。
特朗普提出的暂停汽油税方案需要国会批准。一些共和党议员对此表示支持，但共和党领导层迄今态度暧昧。
今年4月，政府豁免了部分俄罗斯石油的制裁，并放宽了航运法规，以促进更多燃料运输。周一，美国能源部表示将从国家战略石油储备中再借贷5330万桶石油，以缓解市场恐慌。
根据4月24日至27日进行的路透社/益普索民调，仅有四分之一的美国人认为对伊朗战争值得付出代价，53%的人认为不值得，其余人则不确定。五分之一的共和党人表示这场战争不值得。
为州和联邦候选人提供咨询的共和党战略家艾米·科赫表示，在阵亡将士纪念日——非正式的夏季驾车季开始日之前，政府结束冲突、缓解燃油价格压力的窗口非常有限。
“我认为，如果能解决伊朗问题，人们愿意忍受短期的经济痛苦，”科赫说，“但对白宫来说，时间正在流逝。”
[展示汽油价格]
贾勒特·伦肖、南迪塔·博斯和雅各布·博亚奇报道。休梅拉·帕穆克补充报道。科琳·詹金斯和大卫·加芬编辑。
我们的准则：汤森路透信托原则。
White House has few tools for gas-price relief as Iran war drags on
2026-05-14T10:04:21.673Z / Reuters
By Jarrett Renshaw, Nandita Bose and Jacob Bogage
May 14, 2026 10:04 AM UTC Updated 7 mins ago
A person pumps their gasoline at a gas station in Atlanta, Georgia, U.S., March 20, 2026. REUTERS/Alyssa Pointer
- White House weighs gas tax suspension as fuel prices surge, options dwindle
- Polls show most Americans feel financial strain, many doubt war is worth the cost
- Some Republicans back gas tax suspension, but party leaders are so far noncommittal
May 14 (Reuters) – Trump administration officials are scrambling to contain the economic and political fallout of the war with Iran, three people familiar with the White House’s discussions told Reuters, as hopes for a quick resolution fade.
U.S. President Donald Trump this week backed suspending the federal gas tax, a step that would knock 18 cents a gallon off motor fuel prices currently averaging more than $4.50 a gallon nationwide. Once viewed by some White House aides as unnecessary, the idea is gaining urgency as officials run low on options to show they are tackling rising costs, said the people, who spoke on the condition of anonymity to discuss sensitive internal deliberations.
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Within the White House, a consensus has emerged that with prices up 50% since the start of the war, Trump needs “a visible consumer relief move now,” one of the people said.
Historically, $4-per-gallon gasoline has been a level that triggers public backlash and economic anxiety. That’s borne out since the war started, as consumer sentiment recently dipped to a record low, and U.S. consumer inflation surged to 3.8% in April, highest in nearly three years.
More than six in 10 Americans say their household’s finances have taken a hit from higher gas prices, according to a May Reuters/Ipsos poll that put Trump’s economic approval rating at just 30%, down several points since the beginning of the war.
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Now, Trump faces mounting pressure from fellow Republicans who fear economic pain caused by the war could spark voter backlash and cost the party control of the House of Representatives and possibly the Senate in November’s midterm elections.
Administration officials have been poring over market data to gauge whether the national average price could climb to $5 a gallon, according to two people familiar with the discussions. Seven states have already surpassed that mark, AAA data shows.
“They feel like that’s their largest vulnerability right now: that specific cost, gas, not overall economic conditions,” said a political adviser to the White House. “The toughest thing, too, is that we made gas prices the Achilles’ heel for (former President Joe) Biden and now it’s our own.”
White House spokeswoman Taylor Rogers said Trump and his energy team had anticipated the war’s disruptions to the global energy markets and prepared a plan to mitigate the impact.
“The ability to supply both the United States and our allies with reliable, affordable, and secure energy has long been a key strategic objective of President Trump, and his successful efforts to unleash American oil and gas has achieved this objective,” Rogers said.
‘SMALL PRICE TO PAY’
The administration’s concerns have deepened as U.S. oil and fuel exports have surged to records, triggered by Asian and European buyers scrambling for needed supply. That has drawn down U.S. inventories at a time they typically rise, raising alarms among Wall Street analysts who warn the U.S. could face a crunch that could send gasoline, diesel and jet fuel prices even higher this summer.
Energy prices have spiked since Iran cut off access to the Strait of Hormuz, a waterway that normally carries one-fifth of the world’s oil supplies. Companies ranging from airlines to McDonald’s (MCD.N) are seeing the effects, with the fast-food giant’s CEO saying last week that lower-income consumers were spending less.
U.S. airlines’ fuel expenses in March jumped 56% from February, according to Transportation Department data, squeezing carriers already operating on thin margins, including Spirit Airlines, the troubled budget carrier that shut down early in May.
Trump has called the increases a “small price to pay” for efforts to topple Iran’s regime and prevent Tehran from acquiring a nuclear weapon.
Asked Tuesday whether Americans’ finances were motivating him to strike a deal, Trump replied: “Not even a little bit.”
“The only thing that matters when I’m talking about Iran — they can’t have a nuclear weapon,” Trump told reporters. “I don’t think about Americans’ financial situation. I don’t think about anybody. I think about one thing — we cannot let Iran have a nuclear weapon. That’s all.”
GAS TAX IDEA GAINS TRACTION
The gas tax proposal was considered a fallback as recently as late April, one of the people familiar with White House discussions said, but the idea gained traction in the past week as the Iran ceasefire track faltered and officials concluded they needed a policy pivot Americans would feel.
Trump’s proposed suspension would require congressional approval. Some Republican lawmakers have expressed enthusiasm for the idea, but party leaders have so far been noncommittal.
In April, the administration exempted some Russian oil from sanctions and waived shipping regulations to facilitate additional fuel transport. On Monday, the Energy Department said it would loan another 53.3 million barrels of oil from the national security stockpile to ease market jitters.
Just one in four Americans believe the war on Iran has been worth the cost, with 53% believing it has not been worth it and the rest unsure, according to a Reuters/Ipsos poll conducted April 24-27. One in five Republicans said the war has not been worth it.
Amy Koch, a Republican strategist who advises state and federal candidates, said the administration has a short window to end the conflict and ease fuel price pressures ahead of Memorial Day, the unofficial start of summer driving season.
“I think people are willing to endure some short-term financial pain if it means we deal with Iran,” Koch said, “but the clock is ticking for the White House.”
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Reporting by Jarrett Renshaw, Nandita Bose and Jacob Bogage. Additional reporting by Humeyra Pamuk. Editing by Colleen Jenkins and David Gaffen
Our Standards: The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles.