2026年11月10日 美国东部时间凌晨5:22 / 美联社
日内瓦 — 美国定于周二成为二十年来首个彻底拒绝在联合国最高人权机构接受例行人权审查的国家。
特朗普政府去年退出了人权理事会，指责该机构存在反美、反以色列的偏见，并声称它没有践行自身宣扬的价值观。
人权理事会的支持者认为，该理事会有义务监督包括美国在内的所有联合国会员国的人权状况，而美国的多项政策一直遭到批评，包括在加勒比和太平洋地区强行驱逐移民、定点处决涉嫌贩毒人员——美国政府称此类举措旨在保护本国公民安全。
这个总部位于日内瓦的理事会定期审查联合国全部193个会员国的人权记录，通常每四至五年一次，这一机制被称为“普遍定期审议”。
在特朗普总统任内，美国已缺席了一年前安排的审议。原定2025年11月的审议被推迟至周二，寄希望于美国政府能改变立场。
但美国并未改变态度。
“我们不认可该机构的权威性，”美国国务院发言人在发给美联社的电子邮件中表示。
该发言人称：“这个烂透了的机构根本不尊重人权，它始终未能践行自身标榜的‘价值观’，反而散播反美言论，”并指控人权理事会“始终无力谴责最严重的人权侵犯者”。
人权理事会表示，这一审议程序需要相关国家参与，若没有任何该国代表出席，审查就无法进行。
https://news-multimedia-1393112320.cos.ap-guangzhou.myqcloud.com/gettyimages-2297495304.jpg
这张照片拍摄于2026年9月30日，在瑞士日内瓦万国宫举行的联合国人权理事会（UNHRC）第63届会议期间。 Lian Yi / 新华社 via Getty Images
作为这类审议的一部分，国家代表团（有时可多达十几名甚至更多官员）会提交报告、接受质询，并听取其他国家使节提出的建议。整个过程应是全面且富有建设性的，如同为各国政府敲响警钟，推动其改善人权政策。
对美国此举持批评态度的人士警告称，这种“退场”可能会鼓励其他诸多国家效仿。这些国家很多对人权监督机构的严格审查感到不满。
美国公民自由联盟（ACLU）人权项目主任贾米勒·达克瓦尔表示：“美国政府是在向全世界宣告，‘我们不在乎你们是否对我们进行审查，我们将继续肆无忌惮地侵犯人权。’
他在日内瓦周一接受记者采访时说道：“而我们要回应：‘不，已经够了。这个理事会应当让美国承担责任’，”这是部分团体为提升公众对美国人权记录的关注而开展的行动的一部分。
达克瓦尔还表示，美国公民自由联盟及其盟友已呼吁联合国人权事务高级专员明年初发布一份美国人权状况的最新报告作为回应。
日内瓦高等学院访问教授埃里克·蒂斯图内特曾担任人权理事会首任秘书，他表示，美国的“退场”可能会损害该理事会审查机制的公信力。
“如果一直声称遵守人权准则的全球头号大国连场都不出现、甚至连理由都不给出，那么就会引发大问题，”他说。
November 10, 2026 / 5:22 AM EST / AP
Geneva — The United States is set on Tuesday to become the first country to fully shun a regular review of its human rights record at the U.N.’s top rights body since it was created two decades ago.
The Trump administration last year pulled the U.S. out of the Human Rights Council, accusing it of an anti-U.S. and anti-Israel bias, and alleging that it didn’t uphold the very values it promotes.
Supporters back the council’s mandate to keep tabs on human rights in all U.N. member states including the U.S., which has drawn criticism for its policies including strong-arm deportations and targeted killings of alleged drug-runners in the Caribbean and Pacific — which the administration has said are designed to protect U.S. workers and help keep the country safe.
The Geneva-based council regularly examines the rights records of all 193 U.N. member states — generally about every four to five years — as part of a process known as the universal periodic review.
The United States, under President Trump, already skipped its appointment for its review a year ago. The scheduled November 2025 review was pushed back until Tuesday in hopes that the U.S. government might change its mind.
It did not.
“(W)e give no credibility to the agency,” a State Department spokesperson said in an email to The Associated Press.
“This irredeemable body makes a mockery of human rights through consistent failures to uphold its own ‘values’ as it pushes anti-American rhetoric,” the spokesperson said, alleging the council has a “persistent failure to condemn the most egregious human rights violators.”
The council says the process requires participation of the country in question, and in the case of an absence of any national representatives, the review cannot go forward.
https://news-multimedia-1393112320.cos.ap-guangzhou.myqcloud.com/gettyimages-2297495304.jpg
This photo shows a scene during the 63rd session of the United Nations Human Rights Council (UNHRC) at the Palais des Nations in Geneva, Switzerland on Sept. 30, 2026. Lian Yi / Xinhua via Getty Images
As part of such reviews, national delegations – which at times can include a dozen officials or more – make a presentation, face questions and hear recommendations from other national envoys. It’s supposed to be a sweeping and constructive process, akin to holding up a mirror to governments to improve their human rights policies.
Critics of the U.S. move warn that the walkout could encourage other countries – many of which bristle about intense scrutiny from human rights monitors – to follow suit.
Jamil Dakwar, director of the American Civil Liberties Union’s human rights program, said: “The administration is saying to the world, ‘we don’t care about whether you would review us or not, we’re going to continue to violate human rights unabashed.’
“And we are saying: ‘No, enough is enough. This council should hold the United States accountable,’” he told reporters Monday in Geneva, as part of a push by some groups to raise awareness about the U.S. rights record.
He said the ACLU and its allies have called on the U.N. human rights chief to respond by presenting an update on rights in the United States early next year.
Eric Tistounet, a visiting professor at the Geneva Graduate Institute, who was the council’s first secretary, said the U.S. walkout could affect the credibility of the council’s review system.
“If the predominant global power — which has always claimed to adhere to the human rights norms — doesn’t show up and doesn’t even justify why, then you are in big trouble,” he said.
发表回复