2026-11-09T20:03:44.596Z / 美国有线电视新闻网（CNN）
本周，一名关键共和党议员提出针对国防部长皮特·赫格塞斯的弹劾条款，这一动向可能使他成为美国历史上第三位被弹劾的内阁官员。
以下是关于众议院针对内阁官员提出弹劾条款的程序，以及弹劾进程可能出现的结果，你需要了解的内容。
美国宪法赋予众议院“独有的弹劾权”，参议院则拥有“审理所有弹劾案的权力”。
弹劾程序可由众议院委员会展开调查启动，调查结果随后可提交至众议院，就弹劾条款进行投票。众议院弹劾投票获得通过需获得简单多数票。
之后，参议院可能会举行审判，需要达到该院三分之二的多数票才能判定罪名成立。
但弹劾程序不必严格按照这一流程推进。
共和党籍议员托马斯·马西于周一提出要求弹劾赫格塞斯的决议，共和党领导层现在有两个立法日的时间安排众议院投票。
投票时，共和党领导层可以提出搁置决议的动议，或者直接否决该决议。但如果众议院通过弹劾决议，此事接下来将交由参议院处理。
参议院审判结束后，判定罪名成立需要获得三分之二多数票，但由共和党控制的参议院也可能选择另辟蹊径，直接取消审判。
如果众议院弹劾投票获得通过，参议院很可能会尝试驳回弹劾条款，或将其移交委员会进一步审议。这两种情况都需要获得多数票才能通过。
马西提出了针对赫格塞斯的八项弹劾条款。
该决议指控这位国防部长未经国会批准在伊朗发动战争，无视尽可能减少平民伤亡的相关法律，并指示国防部实施法外处决。
决议提及了美国在伊朗、委内瑞拉、也门的行动，以及对西半球被认为携带毒品的船只发动的袭击。自去年启动这些行动以来，已有至少80艘船只被摧毁，243人死亡，而五角大楼并未为其对遇难者的指控提供公开证据。
在伊朗问题上，弹劾条款指控赫格塞斯指示美国武装部队在未宣战、未获得其他法定授权或进入紧急状态的情况下参与敌对行动。
条款指出，赫格塞斯“滥用其高级职权”，“在未宣战、未获得具体法定授权，也未因美国本土或其领土、属地或武装部队遭攻击而进入紧急状态的情况下，执行了开始敌对行动的非法命令”。
条款指控赫格塞斯在国防部内培植了一种“好战文化”，他还自诩对“愚蠢的交战规则”不屑一顾，更偏爱“最大杀伤力，而非温和的合法性”。条款称，美军打击伊朗一所小学的致命袭击是赫格塞斯决策的“可预见”后果。
在也门问题上，弹劾条款指控赫格塞斯发动了导致平民死亡的“非法”战争。在委内瑞拉问题上，条款称导致尼古拉斯·马杜罗被捕的行动是“假借禁毒之名对主权国家发动的战争行为”。
条款指出：“总而言之，赫格塞斯 secretary 违背了他作为国防部长应尽的职责，破坏了宪政政府，严重损害了法律和正义事业，对美国人民造成了明显伤害。”
如果众议院弹劾投票获得通过，赫格塞斯将成为第三位被弹劾的内阁部长。
战争部长威廉·贝尔纳普在1876年因收受贿赂和腐败面临弹劾。
贝尔纳普试图通过向尤利西斯·S·格兰特总统在白宫含泪承认辞职来阻止弹劾。但弹劾仍按程序进行，不过参议院最终判定贝尔纳普无罪。
最近一位面临弹劾的内阁成员是乔·拜登总统的国土安全部长亚历杭德罗·马约卡斯。
2024年，众议院共和党人以微弱优势投票通过弹劾马约卡斯，理由是他在南部边境的移民管控问题上的处理方式。民主党控制的参议院随后投票否决了针对他的两项弹劾条款。
罢免一名官员需要在参议院获得三分之二多数票才能判定弹劾罪名成立，但内阁官员从未出现过这种情况。
一名共和党助手上周告诉CNN，有充分理由将此事移交委员会进行调查，而非直接进入审判程序。但该助手指出，在弹劾程序启动前不会做出任何决定。
赫格塞斯周一表示，他并不担心弹劾一事，并称他同意唐纳德·特朗普总统的观点，如果能重来一次，他会再次发动伊朗战争。
他说，国会对五角大楼政策决定的分歧“是对成功的分歧”，那些对其任期内军事行动提出异议的人是“在对军队提出异议”。
上周，在面临可能弹劾的消息传出后，赫格塞斯在X平台发布了一段充满对抗意味的视频，称“另一方”对此十分执着。
赫格塞斯在国防部外拍摄的直面视频中说道：“一名心怀不满、遭遇挫败的议员，连同他所有的民主党盟友，也对我提出了毫无根据的弹劾条款。就像他们两次试图对付特朗普总统一样。”他将自己的处境与特朗普被弹劾的情况相比较。
“这完全是出于个人毁灭的政治手段。对特朗普总统没用，对我也没用。你们可以放心。”
CNN的黑莉·布里茨基、马努·拉朱、劳伦·福克斯、泰德·巴雷特和扎克·沃尔夫为本次报道提供了协助。
https://x.com/SecWar/status/2118433945746366605?s=20
How impeachment of a Cabinet secretary like Hegseth works
2026-11-09T20:03:44.596Z / CNN
A key Republican lawmaker introduced articles of impeachment against Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth this week in a move that could make him the third Cabinet official in US history to be impeached.
Here’s what to know about the process the House of Representatives uses to bring impeachment articles against a Cabinet official and how the proceedings could turn out.
The US Constitution gives the House of Representatives “the sole Power of Impeachment” and the Senate the power to “try all Impeachments.”
The proceedings can begin with an investigation by a House committee, the results of which can then be presented to the House to hold a vote on articles of impeachment. A simple majority is required for an impeachment vote to succeed on the House floor.
A trial could then be held in the Senate, where a supermajority, two-thirds of the body, would need to be reached to convict.
But the process doesn’t have to unfold that way.
GOP Rep. Thomas Massie on Monday introduced his resolution calling for Hegseth’s impeachment, and GOP leaders now have two legislative days to schedule a vote in the House.
GOP leaders can offer a motion to table — or block — the resolution when it’s time for a vote. But if the House passes the impeachment resolution, the matter would next go to the Senate.
While a two-thirds vote is needed to convict at the conclusion of a Senate trial, it is possible that the GOP-led panel could take an alternative path and preempt a trial altogether.
If an impeachment vote in the House is successful, the Senate would likely attempt to move to dismiss it or refer it to committee for further consideration. Both would need majority votes.
Massie introduced eight articles of impeachment against Hegseth.
The resolution accuses the defense secretary of waging war in Iran without congressional approval, ignoring laws about minimizing civilian casualties and directing the Defense Department to carry out extrajudicial killings.
It describes US actions in Iran, Venezuela, Yemen and its strikes on ships in the Western Hemisphere thought to be carrying narcotics. At least 80 vessels have been destroyed and 243 people have been killed in those operations since they began last year, with the Pentagon not providing public evidence for its claims against the people it killed.
In Iran, the articles accuse Hegseth of directing the US armed forces to enter into hostilities absent a declaration of war, other statutory authorization or a national emergency.
The articles state that Hegseth “abused the powers of his high office” by “executing an unlawful order to commence hostilities despite the absence of a declaration of war, specific statutory authorization, or a national emergency created by an attack upon the United States, its territories or possessions, or its Armed Forces.”
They accuse Hegseth of incubating “a war-making culture at the Department of Defense which he boasts as being dismissive of ‘stupid rules of engagement’ with preference for ‘maximum lethality, not tepid legality.’” The deadly US strike that hit an elementary school in Iran was a “foreseeable” consequence of Hegseth’s decision making, the articles say.
In Yemen, the articles accuse Hegseth of conducting an “unlawful” war contributing to the deaths of civilians. In Venezuela, the articles describe the operation that ended in the capture of Nicolás Maduro as “an act of war against a sovereign country executed under the guise of narcotics law enforcement.”
“In all of this, Secretary Hegseth has acted in a manner contrary to his trust as Secretary of Defense and subversive of constitutional government, to the great prejudice of the cause of law and justice, and to the manifest injury of the people of the United States,” the articles say.
If the impeachment vote in the House is successful, Hegseth would be the third Cabinet secretary to be impeached.
Secretary of War William Belknap faced impeachment in 1876 for taking kickbacks and corruption.
Belknap tried to head off impeachment by resigning in a tearful admission to President Ulysses S. Grant at the White House. The impeachment happened anyway, although the Senate failed to convict Belknap.
The most recent Cabinet member to face impeachment was President Joe Biden’s secretary of homeland security, Alejandro Mayorkas.
House Republicans voted in 2024 to impeach Mayorkas by a narrow margin over his handling of immigration at the southern border. The Democratic-controlled Senate then voted to kill both articles of impeachment against him.
The process to remove an official requires a two-thirds vote in the Senate to convict on impeachment charges. That has never happened for a Cabinet official.
A GOP aide told CNN last week there is a strong argument for the Senate to refer the matter to committee for an investigation instead of going directly to trial. But the aide noted no decisions will be made until the impeachment happens.
Hegseth said Monday he’s not worried about the effort to impeach him, adding he agreed with President Donald Trump that he would again launch the Iran war, if he had a do-over.
He said disagreements in Congress over policy decisions at the Pentagon are “disagreements with success” and that those who take issue with the military operations under his watch are “taking issue with the troops.”
In a defiant video on X last week amid news that he could face possible impeachment, Hegseth said the “other side” was obsessed.
“A disgruntled, defeated congressman along with all his Democrat allies has also dropped sham articles of impeachment against yours truly. Just like they tried against President Trump twice,” Hegseth said in a head-on video filmed outside the Defense Department, comparing his situation to Trump’s impeachments.
“It’s all about the politics of personal destruction. Didn’t work against President Trump, and it won’t work with me. You can rest assured of that.”
CNN’s Haley Britzky, Manu Raju, Lauren Fox, Ted Barrett and Zachary Wolf contributed to this report.
https://x.com/SecWar/status/2118433945746366605?s=20
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