该裁决对纽瑟姆限制该州联邦移民执法行动的努力造成打击
2026年10月14日 美国东部时间下午5:01 / 福克斯新闻
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特朗普政府周三在一家倾向自由派的上诉法院赢得胜利，该法院暂时叫停了加州一项要求便衣联邦执法人员在执行任务时出示徽章和身份证件的法律条款。
美国第九巡回上诉法院裁定，特朗普政府针对加州提起的诉讼“大概率会胜诉”，并认定《反私刑法案》的身份证件要求违反了美国宪法的最高条款，该条款规定当联邦法律与州法律冲突时，联邦法律优先适用。
“第10条明确凌驾于联邦政府决定是否、如何以及何时公开识别其执法人员的权力，”该合议庭写道。
这项初步禁制令来自一家曾在特朗普政府多项标志性移民政策上多次与其发生冲突的联邦上诉法院，包括2018年叫停向庇护城市截留联邦资金的举措、同年限制收紧 asylum 资格的尝试，以及2017年拒绝恢复特朗普针对多个以穆斯林国家为主的旅行禁令。
联邦法院叫停纽瑟姆限制移民与海关执法局的特朗普政府移民胜诉案
居民在洛杉矶郊区贝尔市大西洋大道的社区内与联邦特工和边境巡逻人员对峙。加州去年通过了一项禁止执法人员戴面罩的法律。(盖蒂图片社)
这项裁决对加州民主党州长加文·纽瑟姆来说是重大打击，他被广泛视为2028年总统竞选的潜在候选人。纽瑟姆将自己定位为特朗普移民政策的主要反对者，签署了一系列旨在保护移民社区、限制联邦移民执法行动以及加强对该州联邦特工监督的法律。
特朗普政府于2025年11月就《反私刑法案》和《反秘密警察法案》中的相关条款起诉加州，后者禁止执法人员佩戴面罩。克林顿任命的克里斯蒂娜·斯奈德法官最初叫停了《反秘密警察法案》中针对联邦执法人员的面罩禁令，但拒绝叫停《反私刑法案》的身份证件要求。
特朗普政府就斯奈德对身份证件要求的裁决提起上诉，第九巡回法院于2月暂时叫停该条款的执行，并于4月在上诉审理期间下达禁制令。
联邦法官叫停纽约禁止移民与海关执法局特工戴面罩的法律
2025年6月12日，加州州长加文·纽瑟姆在美国旧金山加州最高法院大楼发表讲话，此前美国地区法官查尔斯·布雷耶下达紧急临时禁制令，阻止特朗普总统部署加州国民警卫队。(圣地亚哥·梅希亚/《旧金山纪事报》 via 盖蒂图片社)
加州方面辩称，其身份证件要求并未构成对联邦政府的违宪管制，因为州法律只有在“对联邦行动施加实质性负担”时才越界。
但上诉法院裁定，州政府从未有权直接管制联邦官员。
“该管制对联邦行动造成的负担，无论是否实质性，都无关紧要，”法院写道。
这家倾向自由派的上诉法院的裁决得到了特朗普政府官员的赞扬，其中包括司法部民事部门助理部长布雷特·舒梅特。
司法部警告：前红州因州长支持限制移民与海关执法局举措正沦为下一个加州
2017年6月12日，安保人员站在旧金山第九巡回上诉法院大楼前。(盖蒂图片社)
“第九巡回法院认可了加州无权管制联邦执法人员的原则，”舒梅特在X平台上写道。
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“今天，第九巡回法院再次确认了常识性事实：加州无权管制联邦执法人员如何执行国会授权的工作，”副司法部长小斯坦利·伍德沃德在X平台上写道。
“今天的裁决是保护我国执法人员安全、确保@总统 履行执行我国移民法律承诺的重大胜利。”
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Trump scores win from liberal-leaning 9th Circuit in ICE enforcement showdown
The ruling deals a setback to Newsom’s efforts to restrict federal immigration enforcement operations in the state
October 14, 2026 5:01pm EDT / Fox News
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The Trump administration scored a victory at a liberal-leaning appeals court Wednesday, which temporarily blocked a section of a California law requiring plainclothes federal law enforcement agents to show their badges and identification when carrying out operations.
The 9th Circuit Court of Appeals ruled the Trump administration was “certain to succeed” in its lawsuit against California, finding that the No Vigilantes Act’s identification requirement violates the Constitution’s supremacy clause, which says federal law takes priority when it conflicts with state law.
“Section 10 explicitly overrides the federal government’s power to determine whether, how, and when to publicly identify its officers,” the panel wrote.
The preliminary injunction comes from a federal appeals court that has repeatedly clashed with the Trump administration over some of its signature immigration policies, including blocking efforts to withhold federal funding from sanctuary cities in 2018, restricting attempts to tighten asylum eligibility that same year and refusing to reinstate Trump’s travel ban targeting several predominantly Muslim countries in 2017.
FEDERAL COURT BLOCKS NEWSOM’S BID TO SHACKLE ICE IN TRUMP IMMIGRATION WIN
Residents confront federal agents and Border Patrol agents over their presence in their neighborhood on Atlantic Boulevard in the Los Angeles suburb of Bell. California last year passed a law banning authorities from wearing masks.(Getty Images)
The ruling comes as a major blow to California Democratic Gov. Gavin Newsom, widely viewed as a 2028 presidential hopeful. Newsom has positioned himself as a leading opponent of Trump’s immigration agenda, signing a series of laws aimed at protecting immigrant communities, restricting federal immigration enforcement operations and increasing oversight of federal agents in the state.
The Trump administration sued California over provisions in the No Vigilantes Act and No Secret Police Act, which restricts law enforcement officers from wearing face coverings, in November 2025. Judge Christina Snyder, a Clinton-appointed judge, initially blocked the No Secret Police Act’s mask restriction for federal officers but declined to block the No Vigilantes Act’s identification requirement.
The Trump administration appealed Snyder’s decision on the identification requirement, and the 9th Circuit temporarily blocked its enforcement in February before granting an injunction pending appeal in April.
FEDERAL JUDGE BLOCKS NEW YORK LAW BANNING ICE AGENTS FROM WEARING MASKS
Gov. Gavin Newsom speaks after U.S. District Judge Charles Breyer granted an emergency temporary restraining order to stop President Trump’s deployment of the California National Guard June 12, 2025, at the California State Supreme Court building in San Francisco.(Santiago Mejia/San Francisco Chronicle via Getty Images)
California argued that its identification requirement did not amount to an unconstitutional regulation of the federal government because a state law crosses that line only when it “impose[s] substantial burdens on federal operations.”
But the appeals court ruled that the state never had the authority to directly regulate federal officials.
“The burden of the regulation on federal operations, whether substantial or otherwise, is irrelevant,” the court wrote.
The liberal appeals court ruling drew praise from Trump administration officials, including Brett Shumate, assistant attorney general for the Justice Department’s Civil Division.
DOJ WARNS FORMER RED STATE IS BECOMING THE NEXT CALIFORNIA AS GOVERNOR EMBRACES ICE LIMITS
Security guards stand in front of the 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals in San Francisco June 12, 2017.(Getty Images)
“The Ninth Circuit agrees that California cannot regulate federal law enforcement,” Schumate wrote on X.
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“Today, the Ninth Circuit again affirms what common sense makes clear: California cannot regulate how Federal law enforcement officers carry out their jobs authorized by Congress,” Associate Attorney General Stanley Woodward, Jr. wrote on X.
“Today’s decision is a huge WIN for protecting the safety of our Nation’s law enforcement officers and ensuring @POTUS ‘s promise to enforce our Nation’s immigration laws.”
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Fox News Digital reached out to Newsom’s office for comment.
Elaine Mallon is a writer for Fox News Digital and Fox Business covering national politics.
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