2026-10-09T18:44:00-0400 / 哥伦比亚广播公司新闻
作者：雅各布·罗森
一名联邦法官驳回了特朗普政府针对州选民名册比对联邦移民数据库的计划，这对该政府在中期选举前推进的相关选举工作是一记重击。
在一份长达78页的判决书中，华盛顿特区的美国地区法官斯帕克·苏克南南周五写道，司法部“不能肆意践踏为保护美国人民权利而精心制定的长期法律”。
特朗普政府一直在全国范围内推动从每个州获取完整的选民名册，包括登记选民的敏感信息。司法部辩称，这些信息是确保各州遵守两项联邦投票法——《帮助美国投票法》和《全国选民登记法》——所必需的，这两项法律旨在确保各州建立维护准确选民名册的相关机制。
苏克南南表示，已有18个州完全配合了司法部对选民档案的要求。据哥伦比亚广播公司新闻的分析，司法部已对大多数其他州提起诉讼，且几乎全部败诉，仅有一个州与联邦政府达成和解。
此次判决适用于司法部已获取的选民档案，以及仍在诉讼中的相关档案。
苏克南南驳回了司法部的主张，即司法部拥有合法权限要求提供选民名单、将名单与公民身份数据库比对，并敦促各州移除其认定无投票资格的选民。该法官还表示，这项政策违反了《行政程序法》和《隐私法》，并称联邦数据库可能存在“不准确之处”。
“今天的判决并不阻止联邦政府采取合法措施支持各州维护准确选民名册的工作。它也不阻止各州管理自己的选民名册。而且不言而喻，本院的判决不会为无资格选民在选举中投票铺平道路，”苏克南南写道。“相反，本院废除了一项已将本国公民从其家乡州的选民名册中移除，并有可能剥夺更多人投票权的政策——这项政策公然违背了旨在保护美国人的正式颁布的法律。”
她补充道：“受到质疑的政策代表着联邦政府试图决定谁拥有投票权。但国会将这项权力保留在了我们的宪法始终规定的位置：各州手中。”
针对选民名册政策的法律挑战由倡导组织“共同事业”和个别选民提起。
“共同事业”首席执行官弗吉尼亚·凯斯·索洛蒙周五在一份声明中称，该判决“是选民的胜利，也是司法部的又一次失利”。
司法部发言人表示，该机构正在审查这项判决。
在特朗普政府任期内，联邦政府寻求在选举中发挥比往常更大的作用，而选举通常由各州管理，国会仅进行部分监管。特朗普总统认为，有必要加强联邦监督，以防止非公民投票并遏制欺诈行为——尽管大多数选举专家表示，欺诈和非公民投票的情况极为罕见。
政府推动将州选民名册纳入国土安全部的“系统外国人资格验证（SAVE）”数据库的举措遭遇了法院挫折，已有超过24名法官驳回了司法部要求个别州共享其选民名单的请求。
苏克南南还在6月裁定，特朗普政府经过整改后的SAVE数据库——包含来自社会保障管理局的数据——的设立方式非法。最高法院上个月暂时暂停了该判决。
实际上，鉴于联邦法律禁止各州在选举前90天内系统性地将无资格选民从选民登记名单中移除，近期法院判决对11月中期选举的影响可能有限。
另一项针对美国邮政服务处理邮寄选票制定新规则的特朗普政府政策也在法院受阻，最高法院拒绝了政府允许该规则生效的请求。
Judge strikes down DOJ’s policy of reviewing state voter rolls, saying it would “run roughshod over longstanding laws”
2026-10-09T18:44:00-0400 / CBS News
By Jacob Rosen
A federal judge has struck down the Trump administration’s plan to check state voter rolls against federal immigration databases, a blow to the administration’s election-related efforts in the run-up to the midterms.
In a 78-page ruling, D.C.-based U.S. District Judge Sparkle Sooknanan wrote Friday that the Justice Department “cannot run roughshod over longstanding laws that were carefully crafted to protect the rights of the American people.”
The Trump administration has mounted a nationwide push to obtain complete voter rolls from every state, including sensitive information about registered voters. The Justice Department has argued the information is needed to ensure states are complying with two federal voting laws — the Help America Vote Act and the National Voter Registration Act — which aim to ensure states have programs in place for maintaining accurate voter rolls.
Eighteen states fully cooperated with the Justice Department’s request for voter files, Sooknanan said. The department has brought lawsuits against most other states, and has lost almost all of the suits, according to a CBS News analysis. One state settled with the federal government.
The ruling applies to the voter files that the Justice Department has already received, as well as the files it is still litigating over.
Sooknanan rejected the Justice Department’s argument that it has legal authority to demand voter lists, compare those lists against citizenship databases and urge states to remove voters who it claims are ineligible to vote. The judge also said the policy violates the Administrative Procedure Act and the Privacy Act, and said the federal databases could contain “inaccuracies.”
“Today’s decision does not prevent the federal government from taking lawful steps to support states’ efforts to maintain accurate voter rolls. Neither does it prevent states from maintaining their own voter rolls. And to state the obvious, the Court’s decision does not pave the way for ineligible voters to vote in our elections,” Sooknanan wrote. “Rather, the Court vacates a policy that has removed United States citizens from the voter rolls in their home states and risks disenfranchising many more — a policy that flies in the face of duly enacted laws designed to protect Americans.”
She continued: “The challenged policy represents the federal government’s attempt to decide who gets to vote. But Congress has left that authority where our Constitution has always placed it: with the states.”
The legal challenge against the voter roll policy was brought by advocacy group Common Cause and individual voters.
Common Cause CEO Virginia Kase Solomón called the ruling “a victory for voters and yet another loss for the Department of Justice” in a statement Friday.
A Justice Department spokesperson said the agency is reviewing the decision.
Under the Trump administration, the federal government has sought a larger-than-usual role in elections, which are typically administered by states with some regulation by Congress. President Trump argues more federal scrutiny is necessary in order to prevent noncitizens from voting and curb fraud — though most election experts say fraud and noncitizen voting are extremely rare.
The government’s push to run state voter rolls through the Department of Homeland Security’s Systematic Alien Verification for Entitlements (SAVE) database has faced court setbacks, as more than two dozen judges have denied the Justice Department’s requests to compel individual states to share their voter lists.
Sooknanan also ruled in June that the Trump administration’s overhauled SAVE database — which includes data from the Social Security Administration — was created unlawfully. The Supreme Court temporarily paused that ruling last month.
In practice, the impact of recent court rulings on the November midterms could be limited as federal law bars states from systematically removing ineligible voters from their voter registration lists within 90 days of an election.
Another Trump administration policy that set new rules for the U.S. Postal Service’s handling of mail-in ballots was also blocked in the courts, with the Supreme Court declining the government’s request to allow the rules to take effect.
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