2026-10-01T20:17:41.981Z / 美国有线电视新闻网（CNN）
作者：蒂尔尼·斯尼德
3小时前更新
更新于美国东部时间2026年10月1日下午4:31
发布于美国东部时间2026年10月1日下午4:17
唐纳德·特朗普
泰德·S·沃伦/美联社/资料图
华盛顿州一名联邦法官周四作出一项开创性裁决，界定总统根据宪法拥有的罢免权力范围，裁定唐纳德·特朗普总统无权解雇由法院任命的联邦检察官。
此次裁决源于罗杰·罗戈夫提起的诉讼。罗戈夫于今年7月被联邦法院任命为西雅图联邦检察官，上任仅数分钟后便遭解雇。
华盛顿州东区法院首席法官斯坦利·巴斯蒂安在长达一小时的听证会结束后表示：“罗杰·罗戈夫是华盛顿西区联邦检察官，自2026年7月15日宣誓就职以来，他一直是该职位的合法持有者。”
全美各地法院一直在应对本届政府试图保留所谓“临时”联邦检察官的举措——这类检察官由总统挑选，却超出了联邦法律规定的120天临时任期。当这一期限届满后，法律赋予当地联邦法院权力，可任命人员担任联邦检察官，直至参议院确认总统提名的人选。但在多起案例中，特朗普随后解雇了由法院任命的检察官。
巴斯蒂安表示，法律赋予总统罢免联邦检察官的权力仅限于参议院确认任命的检察官，而非法院任命的检察官。
“允许总统解雇由法院任命的联邦检察官，也会消除提名可获参议院确认候选人的动力，”巴斯蒂安说道，“换言之，行政和立法分支理应且应被鼓励携手合作。”
相关报道
安德鲁·哈尼克/盖蒂图片社北美分社/盖蒂图片社 特朗普前私人律师阿莉娜·哈巴辞去新泽西州代理联邦检察官职务 阅读时长3分钟
美国司法部并不反对法院在上述情形下任命联邦检察官的权力，但辩称总统仍保留罢免该人员的权力。司法部表示将对巴斯蒂安的裁决提起上诉。
罗戈夫是首位就自己被解雇一事提起诉讼的法院任命联邦检察官，巴斯蒂安指出，他也是首位就“总统能否解雇法院任命的联邦检察官”这一法律问题作出裁决的法官。
根据巴斯蒂安作出的初步禁制令，在裁决生效期间，政府不得采取任何措施解雇罗戈夫，也不得妨碍罗戈弗作为西雅图联邦首席检察官履行职责。
此前多州已就特朗普在联邦检察官任用上的操作发起数月诉讼，罗戈夫的案件引发了新的重大法律争议。
例如在新泽西州，联邦法院选定了其他人选担任该州联邦检察官后，特朗普试图恢复其最初提名的临时检察官——他的前刑事律师阿莉娜·哈巴。哈巴后因联邦上诉法院裁定其任命非法而辞职。美国司法部随后与该州联邦法官合作，选定了一名可由法院任命的检察官接任该职位。
与此同时，美国下级法院认定内华达州联邦检察官办公室负责人西加尔·查塔的任命非法后，司法部已就相关 workaround 方案向最高法院提起上诉，试图保留查塔的职位。
最高法院尚未表态是否会受理查塔一案。
CNN记者卡拉·斯坎内尔对本文亦有贡献。
Judge blocks Trump from firing Seattle US attorney who had job for an hour
2026-10-01T20:17:41.981Z / CNN
By Tierney Sneed
Updated 3 hr ago
Updated Oct 1, 2026, 4:31 PM ET
PUBLISHED Oct 1, 2026, 4:17 PM ET
Donald Trump
Seattle US Attorney and Former King County Superior Court Judge Roger Rogoff stands in court in Seattle, on Oct. 10, 2016.
Ted S. Warren/AP/File
President Donald Trump cannot fire US attorneys who have been appointed by courts, a federal judge in Washington state said Thursday in a first-of-its-kind ruling that tests the scope of a president’s removal power under the Constitution.
The ruling comes from a lawsuit by Roger Rogoff, who was appointed by a federal court to be Seattle’s US attorney in July, only to be fired minutes later.
“Mr. Roger Rogoff is the United States Attorney for the Western District of Washington and has been the rightful holder of that office since July 15, 2026, when he took the oath of office,” Judge Stanley Bastian, the chief judge of the eastern district court in Washington, said following an hourlong hearing.
Courts across the country have wrestled with the administration’s efforts to keep in place so-called “interim” US attorneys selected by the president beyond the 120 days federal law allows those prosecutors to serve in the temporary role. Once that time period expires, the law gives the local federal court the power to appoint someone to serve as US attorney until the Senate confirms the president’s appointee. However, in several instances, Trump then fired that court-appointed prosecutor.
Bastian said that a president’s powers to remove US attorneys under the law were limited to Senate-confirmed US attorneys – not those appointed by courts.
“Allowing the president to fire a United States attorney appointed by the court also eliminates the incentive to nominate a candidate that can be confirmed by the Senate,” Bastian said. “In other words, the executive and legislative branches are supposed to and encouraged to work together.”
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The Justice Department does not contest a court’s ability to appoint a US attorney in that circumstance. But it argues that the president still retains the ability to fire that person. DOJ said it will appeal Bastian’s ruling.
Rogoff was the first court-appointed US attorney to challenge his firing in court and Bastian noted he was the first judge ever to address the legal question of whether a president can fire court-appointed US attorneys.
While Bastian’s preliminary injunction ruling is in effect, the administration cannot take steps to fire Rogoff, nor can it hinder Rogoff’s ability to carry out his duties as Seattle top federal prosecutor.
Rogoff’s case ushers in a new significant legal question after months of litigation in other states over Trump’s maneuverings around US attorneys.
In New Jersey for instance, Trump tried to reinstate his original choice for interim US attorney — his former criminal lawyer Alina Habba — after the federal court there selected someone else for the role. Habba later resigned after a federal appeals court said her appointment was unlawful. The Justice Department then worked with the federal judges in the state to find a prosecutor that the court could appoint to the job.
Meanwhile, the Justice Department has appealed to the Supreme Court a case concerning its workarounds to keep Trump’s chosen lawyer, Sigal Chattah, as the leader of the US attorney’s office in Nevada, after lower courts said her appointment was illegal.
The Supreme Court has not yet said if it will take up the Chattah case.
CNN’s Kara Scannell contributed to this report.
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