2026-09-23T10:04:09.102Z / reuters.com
以色列财政部长 Bezalel Smotrich 与一名女性手持一张地图，展示了长期搁置的 E1 定居点计划，该计划将把东耶路撒冷与被占领的约旦河西岸分割开来。这张照片拍摄于2025年8月14日，地点在以色列占领的约旦河西岸马阿勒阿杜明定居点附近的一场新闻发布会上。REUTERS/Ronen Zvulun 购买授权，打开新标签页
- 摘要
- 法案反映出民主党与以色列政府之间日益加剧的摩擦
- 该法案至少有14名发起人
- 法案提出之际距离中期选举仅剩数周，民主党有望在选举中占据优势
华盛顿，9月23日（路透社）——据路透社看到的法案文本显示，一组美国参议院民主党人将于周三提出立法，对推动以色列“E1项目”的个人或团体实施制裁。E1项目是一项广受谴责的约旦河西岸定居点计划，该计划将横穿巴勒斯坦方面谋求建国的土地。
此次法案的推出是美国国会民主党人与以色列政府在约旦河西岸治理问题上日益加剧摩擦的最新迹象，该党多名议员以及少数共和党人呼吁限制美国对以色列的军事援助，以回应其在加沙战争中的行为。
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美国民主党议员近期还敦促以色列总理本杰明·内塔尼亚胡遏制约旦河西岸定居者的暴力行为，以及以色列安全部队在被占领土上对巴勒斯坦人进行的大规模逮捕。
该法案的主要发起人是特拉华州的克里斯·库恩斯、马萨诸塞州的伊丽莎白·沃伦、俄勒冈州的罗恩·怀登以及亚利桑那州的鲁本·加列戈。
“随着巴勒斯坦平民面临暴力极端定居者带来的毁灭与恐惧，美国必须发出明确信号：这种行为不可接受，且美国仍致力于实现所有以色列人和巴勒斯坦人的自由、安全、繁荣与自决权，”库恩斯在一份声明中说道。
该法案至少有10名共同发起人，均为民主党人。
中期选举或改变国会对以色列立场
民主党目前在100个席位的参议院中仅掌控47个席位，但民调显示，他们有望在11月3日的中期选举中击败与内塔尼亚胡紧密结盟的唐纳德·特朗普总统领导的共和党，从而获得参议院多数席位。
该法案将对美国财政部认定为负责或参与约旦河西岸E1地区以色列定居点及相关建筑建设的外国公司、个人或其他实体实施制裁，包括参与E1项目招标的实体。
法案还将制裁那些试图组织、指挥、资助或协助将以色列平民转移至E1地区定居点的行为。
以色列财政部长Bezalel Smotrich于2025年8月宣布批准E1项目，该项目将把被占领的约旦河西岸一分为二，切断其与东耶路撒冷的联系。
解决长达数十年的以巴冲突的两国方案设想，是在东耶路撒冷、约旦河西岸和加沙地带建立一个巴勒斯坦国，与以色列和平共存。
西方各国首都和维权组织都反对E1定居点项目，因为他们担心这会破坏未来与巴勒斯坦人的和平协议，削弱两国方案的实现可能性。
国际社会绝大多数成员认为，约旦河西岸的以色列定居点违反国际法。
以色列对此提出异议，称其对该地区拥有历史和宗教渊源，并表示定居点提供了战略纵深和安全保障。
美国国会下议院众议院目前处于休会状态，因此即使该法案极不可能在参议院获得通过，众议院也预计不会在中期选举前对其进行审议。
由Patricia Zengerle报道
我们的标准：汤森路透信托原则，打开新标签页
Patricia Zengerle 曾在20多个国家进行报道，包括阿富汗、伊拉克、巴基斯坦、沙特阿拉伯和中国。这位屡获殊荣的华盛顿国家安全与外交政策记者也曾担任编辑，曾在NPR、C-SPAN等节目中亮相，在全国新闻俱乐部发表演讲，并出席了胡佛研究所媒体圆桌会议。她曾获得埃德温·M·胡德外交报道奖。
US Senate Democrats seek sanctions over Israeli settlements, bill says
2026-09-23T10:04:09.102Z / reuters.com
Israeli Finance Minister Bezalel Smotrich and a woman hold a map that shows the long-frozen E1 settlement scheme, that would split East Jerusalem from the occupied West Bank, on the day of a press conference near the Israeli settlement of Maale Adumim, in the Israeli-occupied West Bank, August 14, 2025. REUTERS/Ronen Zvulun Purchase Licensing Rights, opens new tab
- Summary
- Bill reflects growing friction between Democrats, Israeli government
- Measure has at least 14 sponsors
- Bill comes weeks before midterm elections, where Democrats are favored
WASHINGTON, Sept 23 (Reuters) – A group of US Senate Democrats will introduce legislation on Wednesday to sanction individuals or groups that facilitate Israel’s “E1 project,” a widely condemned West Bank settlement plan cutting across land the Palestinians seek for a state, according to a copy of the legislation seen by Reuters.
The introduction of the bill is the latest sign of growing friction between Democrats in Congress and the Israeli government over its handling of the West Bank, with many in the party — and a few Republicans — calling for curbs on US military aid to Israel over its conduct of the war in Gaza.
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US Democratic lawmakers have also recently urged Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu to rein in violence by West Bank settlers and mass arrests of Palestinians by Israeli security forces in the occupied territory.
The measure’s lead sponsors are Chris Coons of Delaware, Elizabeth Warren of Massachusetts, Ron Wyden of Oregon and Ruben Gallego of Arizona.
“As Palestinian civilians face a campaign of devastation and fear from violent extremist settlers, the United States must send a strong message that this behavior is unacceptable and that it remains committed to freedom, security, prosperity and self-determination for all Israelis and Palestinians,” Coons said in a statement.
The bill has at least 10 co-sponsors, all Democrats.
MIDTERMS COULD SHIFT CONGRESS’ ISRAEL STANCE
Democrats currently control only 47 seats in the 100-member Senate, but polls show they could win majorities in November 3 midterm elections from President Donald Trump’s Republicans, who have aligned themselves closely with Netanyahu.
The bill would impose sanctions on foreign companies, individuals or other entities that the Treasury Department determines to have been responsible for or complicit in the construction of any Israeli settlements or related structures in the E1 area of the West Bank, including by submitting a bid for E1 tenders.
It also would sanction those who attempt to organize, direct, finance or facilitate the transfer of Israeli civilians into settlements in the E1 area.
Approval of the E1 project, which would bisect the occupied West Bank and cut it off from East Jerusalem, was announced in August 2025 by Israeli Finance Minister Bezalel Smotrich.
The two-state solution to the decades-old Israeli-Palestinian conflict envisages a Palestinian state in East Jerusalem, the West Bank and Gaza, existing side by side with Israel.
Western capitals and campaign groups have opposed the E1 settlement project due to concerns that it could undermine a future peace deal with the Palestinians and diminish the chance for the two-state solution.
Most of the international community considers Israeli settlements in the West Bank illegal under international law.
Israel disputes this, citing historical and biblical ties to the area and saying the settlements provide strategic depth and security.
Congress’s lower chamber, the US House of Representatives, is currently not in session, so even in the unlikely chance of the bill’s passage in the Senate, the House would not be expected to take it up before the midterms.
Reporting by Patricia Zengerle
Our Standards: The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles., opens new tab
Patricia Zengerle has reported from more than 20 countries, including Afghanistan, Iraq, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia and China. An award-winning Washington-based national security and foreign policy reporter who also has worked as an editor, Patricia has appeared on NPR, C-Span and other programs, spoken at the National Press Club and attended the Hoover Institution Media Roundtable. She is a recipient of the Edwin M. Hood Award for Diplomatic Correspondence.
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