2026-09-23T04:03:01.111Z / 美国有线电视新闻网（CNN）
一场关于密苏里州能否在11月选举中采用共和党友好型国会选区重划方案的古怪法律战于周二深夜第三次提交至美国最高法院，迫使大法官们再次审查这份不到两周前曾被法院一致驳回的方案。
这起紧急上诉将再次决定共和党能否在11月的中期选举中多拿下一个众议院席位。这同时也是共和党在保守派最高法院明确表示无意介入这场持续数月、混乱不堪的州选区划分争端后，为保住席位展开的非凡抗争的一部分。
反对该选区方案的团体于周二晚间向最高法院提起紧急诉讼，此前一天，联邦上诉法院裁定密苏里州必须在11月使用共和党友好型选区方案，而非2022年制定的方案，原因是选民已在该州初选中基于新方案选出了候选人。
“使用2022年选区方案的选票已印制并寄出，邮寄投票和现场投票已于今日启动，”该团体在向最高法院提交的上诉书中写道，“如今已无法将这些选票重新分配至新的选区。”
负责处理密苏里州相关上诉的大法官布雷特·卡瓦诺要求相关方在周三下午前提交案件回应。
密苏里州的新选区方案将矛头对准由民主党众议员伊曼纽尔·克利弗执掌的第5国会选区，该方案拆分了该选区位于堪萨斯城的核心区域，并将其延伸至该州乡村和倾向共和党的地区。新方案将形成7个倾向保守党的选区和1个倾向民主党的选区，相较于当前6比2的席位分布发生了变化。
密苏里州国会选区方案这场大起大落的诉讼，可能只是今年中期选举相关的大批选举上诉案的开胃小菜，这些案件都有可能提交至大法官面前。
大法官们此前已驳回了总统唐纳德·特朗普赋予美国邮政总局更多审查邮寄选票权力的诉求。今年以来，最高法院还处理了一系列其他选区划分争端，涉及得克萨斯州、加利福尼亚州、路易斯安那州、阿拉巴马州和弗吉尼亚州。
芝加哥大学法学教授威廉·巴德周二表示，最高法院“几乎百分之百”会再次否决共和党提出的选区方案。他将这起案件形容为“未来诸多案件的预演”。
密苏里州最高法院本月早些时候裁定，去年在特朗普授意下由州议会通过的7比1共和党占优选区方案无法启用，原因是有人依据州宪法对该方案提起了公投挑战。州共和党人对此提出上诉，一路上诉至美国最高法院。保守派大法官卡瓦诺驳回了这一请求，此事似乎就此尘埃落定。
但就在该决定作出几分钟后，联邦地区法院介入并作出了支持共和党选区方案的裁决。案件再次被上诉至美国最高法院，最高法院再次驳回了恢复共和党选区方案的请求。当时，全体大法官对该案进行了审查，没有大法官表示异议，法院也未解释其裁决理由。
保守派的美国第八巡回上诉法院将最高法院的简要裁决措辞及其未说明理由的做法解读为允许其快速作出自己的裁决。在一份未署名的意见书中，该法院得出结论称，“宪法不允许密苏里州在2026年11月的大选中使用与2026年8月初选不同的国会选区方案”，并下令联邦初审法院再次要求该州推进7比1的选区方案。
正是这一裁决引发了第三轮上诉。
尽管第八巡回法院作出了有利于共和党的裁决，但它下令下级法院暂缓执行该裁决至周一，以便各方有机会提起上诉。这意味着最高法院要么在周一之前解决这一争端，要么发布短期延期决定，为大法官们留出更多时间作出裁决。
CNN的蒂尔尼·斯尼德为本报道撰稿。
Missouri’s embattled, Trump-backed congressional map returns to Supreme Court for a third time
2026-09-23T04:03:01.111Z / CNN
A quixotic legal battle over whether Missouri may use a GOP-friendly congressional redistricting plan for November’s election returned to the Supreme Court for the third time late Tuesday night, forcing the justices to once again review an effort the court unanimously rejected less than two weeks ago.
The emergency appeal will — once again — decide if Republicans can flip an additional House seat in the November midterm election. It’s also part of an extraordinary push by Republicans to continue to fight for the seat after the conservative high court has signaled it is uninterested in getting involved in the messy, months-old dispute over the state’s map.
A group opposed to the map filed the emergency case at the Supreme Court late Tuesday a day after a federal appeals court ruled that Missouri must use the Republican-friendly map in November, rather than a map created in 2022, because voters had already selected nominees based on the newer map in the state’s primary election.
“Ballots using the 2022 map have been printed and mailed, and absentee voting, both by mail and in-person, began today,” the group told the Supreme Court in its appeal. “Those ballots cannot be reassigned to new districts now.”
Justice Brett Kavanaugh, who handles appeals arising from Missouri, requested a response in the case by Wednesday afternoon.
Missouri’s new map targeted the 5th Congressional District, held by Democratic Rep. Emanuel Cleaver, by breaking up its Kansas City base and stretching it into rural and Republican-leaning parts of the state. There would be seven conservative-leaning districts and one Democratic-leaning, a change from the current 6-2 split.
The whipsaw case of Missouri’s congressional map may be merely an appetizer for the banquet of election appeals that are likely to reach the justices tied to this year’s midterms.
The justices have already shut down an effort by President Donald Trump to give the US Postal Service more power to screen mail ballots. The court has also already juggled a series of other redistricting disputes this year, including in Texas, California, Louisiana, Alabama and Virginia.
University of Chicago law professor William Baude said Tuesday that it was “a hundred to one” likely that the court would reject the GOP map again. He described the case as a “taste of what’s to come.”
The Missouri Supreme Court ruled earlier this month that the 7-1 Republican map adopted by the legislature at Trump’s behest last year could not be used because of a referendum challenge brought against it under the state constitution. State Republicans challenged that, appealing all the way up to the US Supreme Court. Kavanaugh, a conservative, declined that request, which appeared to settle the matter.
But minutes after that decision, a federal district court stepped in with a ruling in favor of the GOP map. And the case was once again appealed to the US Supreme Court, which once again sided against reviving the GOP map. In that instance, the full court reviewed the case, and no justices noted their dissent. The court also did not explain its reasoning.
The conservative 8th US Circuit Court of Appeals read the boilerplate language from the Supreme Court, and its lack of reasoning, as an invitation to rush through its own ruling. In an unsigned opinion, the court concluded that “the Constitution does not permit Missouri to use a different congressional district map in the November 2026 general election than it used in the August 2026 primary election.” And it ordered a federal trial court to once again require that the state move forward with the 7-1 map.
It is that decision that has prompted the third round of appeals.
Even though the 8th Circuit ruled in favor of the GOP, it ordered the lower court to pause the impact of that decision until Monday to give the appeals a chance to play out. That means the Supreme Court is likely to either settle the dispute before Monday, or issue a short-term extension of that deadline to give the justices more time to decide.
CNN’s Tierney Sneed contributed to this report.
发表回复