2026-09-21T08:58:00-0400 / 哥伦比亚广播公司新闻
作者：埃琳娜·朱利亚诺
更新时间：2026年9月21日 / 美国东部时间上午9:58 / 哥伦比亚广播公司新闻
意大利总理乔治娅·梅洛尼于周日宣布多项计划，将从法律层面限制意大利课堂允许的外国学生人数，并禁止在校园内穿戴包括伊斯兰布卡和尼卡布在内的面部遮盖服饰。
梅洛尼是在“菲尼克斯”活动的演讲中作出上述宣布的，该活动由其所属的保守派政党“意大利兄弟党”的青年分支“全国青年”组织。
梅洛尼称：“如果一间教室里只有一个孩子不懂意大利语，在同伴和老师的帮助下，这个孩子有可能学会语言并快速融入。但如果这类孩子数量众多，甚至占据多数，那就不再是融合，而是被抛弃。”
她表示，意大利政府将出台立法，将单个课堂的外国学生人数法定上限设定为约30%，并补充道：“绝不能让意大利孩子因为沦为少数群体而感到被边缘化。”
根据专注移民问题的智库ISMU ETS基金会援引意大利教育部的数据，目前非意大利籍学生约占全国在校学生总数的11.6%。
根据意大利的公民身份制度，在意大利出生的非意大利籍父母的子女通常不会在出生时自动获得意大利国籍，只有在年满18岁且一直居住在意大利的情况下才能获得。
梅洛尼还宣布计划禁止在校园内穿戴面部遮盖服饰，并特别提及部分女性和女孩所穿的布卡和尼卡布。
“在学校，你必须露出面部，在意大利，没有人可以以真实或所谓的传统为由，强迫年轻女性隐藏自己的面容。男女平等是不容谈判的原则，”梅洛尼说道。
这项拟议措施仅针对遮盖面部的服饰，而非所有形式的伊斯兰头饰。
梅洛尼表示，政府将把这项拟议法案提交内阁会议审议，之后还需获得议会批准才能成为法律。
“意大利一些人口减少较多的地区存在某些街区，非意大利背景人群的集中度更高，课堂上的非意大利籍学生数量也不可避免地更多，”米兰圣心天主教大学社会学教授玛丽亚格拉齐亚·桑塔加蒂告诉哥伦比亚广播公司新闻。
意大利并非首个限制公共场所面部遮盖物的欧洲国家。法国、比利时等多个欧洲国家都已出台针对面部遮盖服饰的限制措施，尽管这些举措的适用范围和法律依据各不相同。
不过，如果这项课堂外国学生人数限制规定获得通过，将成为欧洲首例。
桑塔加蒂表示：“意大利学校的根基是包容，从残疾儿童到其他少数群体，所有孩子都在同一班级上课。公立学校向所有儿童开放，无论其法律身份和宗教信仰如何。我们很难理解这项政策将如何落地。我们支持多元文化主义。”
梅洛尼的此番宣布正值意大利即将迎来明年的大选，梅洛尼正面临来自政治左右两翼的竞争。
Italy leader Giorgia Meloni announces plans to limit foreign student numbers, ban face coverings in schools
2026-09-21T08:58:00-0400 / CBS News
By Elena Giuliano
Updated on: September 21, 2026 / 9:58 AM EDT / CBS News
Italian Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni announced plans on Sunday to introduce a legal limit on the number of foreign students allowed in Italian classrooms, as well as a ban on face-covering garments, including the Islamic burqa and niqab, in schools.
Meloni made the announcement during a speech at Fenix, an event organized by Gioventù Nazionale, the youth wing of her conservative Brothers of Italy party.
“If in a classroom there is only one child who doesn’t understand Italian, it is possible that that child will manage, with the help of his peers and teachers, to learn the language and integrate fast. But if these children are many, or even the majority, that’s not integration anymore, that’s abandonment,” Meloni said.
She said Italy’s government would introduce legislation to legally limit the number of foreign students in individual classrooms to about 30%, adding: “There’s no way that in an Italian classroom, the ones who feel marginalized are Italian children because they have become a minority.”
According to the ISMU ETS Foundation, an immigration-focused think tank, citing data from the Italian Ministry of Education, students with non-Italian citizenship currently account for about 11.6% of the total school enrollment across the country.
Under Italy’s citizenship system, children born in the country to non-Italian parents do not generally acquire Italian citizenship automatically at birth, but only after turning 18 years old, if they have remained in the country.
Meloni also announced plans to prohibit face-covering garments, specifically mentioning the burqas and niqabs worn by some women and girls, in schools.
“At school, you go with your face uncovered, and in Italy no one, in the name of a real or presumed tradition, can decide that a young woman has to hide. Equality between men and women is non-negotiable,” Meloni said.
The proposed measure would target only garments that cover the face, not all forms of Islamic head covering.
Meloni said the government would bring the proposed legislation to the Council of Ministers, after which it would require parliamentary approval to become law.
“There are some neighborhoods in more depopulated areas in Italy where the concentration of people coming from a non-Italian background is higher and inevitably creates higher numbers of non-Italian students in classrooms,” Mariagrazia Santagati, a professor of sociology at the Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, in Milan, told CBS News.
Italy would not be the first European country to restrict face coverings in public places. France, Belgium and several other European nations have adopted restrictions on face-covering garments, although the scope and legal basis of those measures vary.
The proposed limit on foreign students in classrooms, however, would represent a first in Europe if it is adopted.
“Italian school is based on inclusion, from children with disabilities to other minorities, everyone attends the same classes. And public school is open to every child to attend, regardless of their juridical status and religion,” said Santagati. “It’s hard to understand how this would be put into practice. We are for multiculturalism.”
The premier’s announcements came as Italy looks ahead to next year’s general election, with Meloni facing competition from both the left and right of the political spectrum.
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