2026-09-16 18:57:49 EDT / 福克斯新闻频道
这项两党合作法案将要求耗电量达到100兆瓦及以上的大型人工智能数据中心为其所需的电网升级付费
作者：利奥·布里塞尼奥 福克斯新闻频道
发布于2026年9月16日美国东部时间下午6:57
5场可能影响人工智能繁荣发展的中期选举
当地民众对数据中心的反对声浪日益高涨，这可能威胁到中期选举前的人工智能繁荣发展态势。摩根士丹利重点列出了五个关键选举席位，各候选人均在该议题上提出数据中心监管及暂停建设的相关提议。
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美国众议院于周三晚间通过了《用户保护法案》（RPA），该法案旨在保护当地社区免受数据中心开发带来的更高电费和电网基础设施成本负担。
该法案以417票对3票的压倒性两党支持票获得通过，这可能是议员们在11月3日中期选举前审议的最后一批法案之一。该法案也将数据中心问题置于聚光灯下，这一议题已成为负担能力、能源和监管辩论的代表性议题。
这是第119届国会通过的首项与数据中心相关的法案。
谁为美国电力热潮买单？在人工智能热潮中，红蓝两州降低电费的方式截然不同
2026年3月9日，众议员加布·埃文斯在科罗拉多州普拉特维尔的圣沃林堡发电站举行的新闻发布会上发言。（切特·斯特兰奇/彭博社）
就目前版本而言，该法案并未寻求禁止数据中心、限制其扩张，甚至未真正为其制定监管指南。相反，它修订了现有能源法《公用事业监管政策法案》（PURPA），要求各州必须遵守一项联邦标准：耗电量达到100兆瓦及以上的大型数据中心，需全额承担为其服务而进行的发电、输电和配电升级的额外成本。
此外，若项目被取消或迁移，企业还需提供财务担保，以防当地社区被迫承担相关费用。
该法案的发起人、科罗拉多州共和党众议员加布·埃文斯将其描述为防止数据中心能源成本转嫁到当地社区的必要举措。
“随着美国竞相引领全球人工智能发展，我们必须建设支持这一创新所需的能源基础设施，并且领先于中国等竞争对手，”埃文斯在今年早些时候的一份声明中说道。
“但科罗拉多州的家庭、农民和小企业不应被迫为这些项目推动的新发电项目买单。《用户保护法案》是一项两党合作的务实解决方案，能够保护普通美国人，并确保我国能够在人工智能竞赛中继续胜出，”埃文斯补充道。
该法案的民主党联合发起人、佛罗里达州民主党众议员凯西·卡斯特尔也表达了类似观点。
美国需要人工智能才能生存，工薪家庭也需要在人工智能发展中生存下去
弗吉尼亚州长期以来一直是美国数据中心产业的中心，北弗吉尼亚州如今已是全球最大的数据中心市场，约占全球运营数据中心总容量的13%。（安娜·莫尼梅克/盖蒂图片社）
“我在佛罗里达州的邻居们正饱受电费暴涨的困扰。用户不应补贴富裕企业日益增长的能源需求，尤其是人工智能数据中心的需求，”卡斯特尔说道。
近几个月来，两党各候选人都在谨慎阐述他们对数据中心问题的看法。民主党尤其将这一问题与负担能力挂钩。
前北卡罗来纳州州长罗伊·库珀就是如此，他目前正在竞选即将退休的北卡罗来纳州共和党参议员汤姆·蒂利斯的席位。
库珀曾将数据中心扩张视为该“焦油脚跟之州”创造就业机会的途径，但如今他已调整了支持态度。
“罗伊认为，当地社区必须对落户本地区的新项目拥有最终决定权，其中包括实施当地建设暂停令，数据中心必须承担其使用的全部能源成本，不得将任何成本转嫁给消费者，”库珀的竞选团队发言人本月早些时候在给福克斯新闻数字频道的一份声明中说道。
共和党人也在谨慎应对围绕数据中心的政治争议。
库珀的对手、前共和党全国委员会主席迈克尔·沃特利也强调，应让当地社区自行决定数据中心扩张是否适合本地区。
MAGA阵营开始出现分裂，2026年共和党候选人团队逐渐背离特朗普的科技愿景
2026年3月3日，前共和党全国委员会主席、北卡罗来纳州联邦参议院共和党候选人迈克尔·沃特利在北卡罗来纳州格兰尼特福尔斯的格雷斯教堂消防局投票站参加北卡罗来纳州初选选举后抵达现场。参议院候选人罗伊·库珀和迈克尔·沃特利都希望从初选投票中获得 momentum，这场选举有望成为2026年中期选举中花费最高的竞选之一。（彭博社 via 盖蒂图片社）
“迈克尔·沃特利的标准很简单：数据中心自负盈亏，家庭无需承担任何费用，由社区自行决定。这意味着大型科技公司必须自行建设或购买所需的每兆瓦电力，并承担电网升级的全部费用，不得将任何成本转嫁给居民用户。这意味着没有特殊补贴，也不会背着纳税人达成任何 sweetheart deal，”沃特利的竞选团队说道。
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该数据中心法案已在众议院获得通过，将于本周提交参议院审议，其最终命运尚未可知。
利奥·布里塞尼奥是福克斯新闻数字频道国会团队的政治记者，此前曾在《世界杂志》担任记者。
First data center bill clears House as both parties scramble for answers on affordability
2026-09-16 18:57:49 EDT / Fox News
The bipartisan bill would require large AI data centers consuming 100 megawatts or more to pay for grid upgrades they need
By Leo Briceno Fox News
Published September 16, 2026 6:57pm EDT
5 midterm races that could influence the AI BOOM
A growing local backlash against data centers threatens the artificial intelligence boom ahead of the midterm elections. Morgan Stanley highlights five key races where candidates are proposing data center regulations and moratoriums.
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The U.S. House of Representatives passed the Ratepayer Protection Act (RPA) on Wednesday evening, a bill that looks to shield local communities from higher energy electricity and grid infrastructure costs associated with data center development.
The bill, which succeeded with broad bipartisan support in a 417 to 3 vote, is likely one of the last pieces of legislation lawmakers will consider until after the Nov. 3 midterm elections. It also puts a spotlight on the data center issue, which has garnered attention as a proxy for affordability, energy and regulatory debates.
It marks the first data-center-related bill passed in the 119th Congress.
WHO PAYS FOR US POWER BOOM? BLUE, RED STATES OFFER STARKLY DIFFERENT WAYS TO LOWER UTILITY BILLS AMID AI SURGE
Rep. Gabe Evans speaks during a news conference at Fort St. Vrain Generating Station in Platteville, Colo., on March 9, 2026.(Chet Strange/Bloomberg)
In its current form, the bill does not seek to ban data centers, set limitations on their expansion or really even set regulatory guidelines for them. Instead, it amends existing energy law, the Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act (PURPA), so states must consider a federal standard: large data centers that consume 100 megawatts or more would pay the full extra cost of the generation, transmission and distribution upgrades built to serve them.
Companies would also be required to make financial assurances in the event a project is cancelled or moved to prevent local communities from being left holding the bill.
Its sponsor, Rep. Gabe Evans, R-Colo., framed it as a needed step towards keeping data center energy costs from spilling over to local communities.
“As America races to lead the world in AI, we must build the energy infrastructure needed to support this innovation, and stay ahead of competitors like Communist China,” Evans said in a statement earlier this year.
“But Colorado families, farmers and small businesses should not be forced to cover the costs of new power generation driven by these developments. The Ratepayer Protection Act is a bipartisan, commonsense solution that protects everyday Americans and ensures our nation can continue to win the AI race,” Evans added.
The bill’s Democratic co-sponsor, Rep. Kathy Castor, D-Fla., echoed Evans’ thinking.
AMERICA NEEDS AI TO SURVIVE. WORKING FAMILIES ALSO NEED TO SURVIVE IT
Virginia has long been at the center of America’s data center industry, with Northern Virginia now the largest data center market in the world and home to roughly 13% of global operational capacity.(Anna Moneymaker/Getty Images)
“My neighbors across Florida are grappling with skyrocketing electric bills. Ratepayers should not have to subsidize wealthy corporations’ growing energy demands, especially from AI data centers,” Castor said.
In recent months, candidates across both sides of the aisle have carefully framed their thinking around data centers. Democrats, in particular, have linked the issue to affordability.
Such is the case for Roy Cooper, former governor of North Carolina, who is now waging a bid for the seat of retiring Sen. Thom Tillis, R-N.C.
Cooper, once having celebrated data center expansion as an avenue for job growth in the Tar Heel State, has since qualified his support.
“Roy believes local communities must have the final say on new projects coming to their area, which includes local moratoriums, and data centers must pay for all of the energy they use without passing on any of their costs to consumers,” a spokesperson for Cooper’s campaign said in a statement to Fox News Digital earlier this month.
Republicans have also navigated the political noise around data centers with care.
Cooper’s opponent, former Republican National Committee chairman Michael Whatley, also stressed letting local communities decide for themselves about whether data center expansion is right for them.
MAGA BEGINS TO CRACK AS 2026 GOP ROSTER BACKS AWAY FROM TRUMP’S TECH VISION
Michael Whatley, former chair of the Republican National Committee and Republican U.S. Senate candidate for North Carolina, arrives at the Grace Chapel Fire Department polling location during the North Carolina primary election in Granite Falls, N.C., on Tuesday, March 3, 2026. Senate candidates Roy Cooper and Michael Whatley will look for momentum from the primary vote in what looks to be one of the most expensive races of the 2026 midterms.(Bloomberg via Getty Images)
“Michael Whatley’s standard is simple: data centers pay their own way, families pay nothing and communities decide. That means Big Tech builds or buys every megawatt it needs and covers every dime of the grid upgrades to deliver it, with zero costs shifted onto residential ratepayers. It means no special subsidies and no sweetheart deals cut over the heads of taxpayers,” Whatley’s campaign said.
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Having cleared the House, the data center bill passed on Wednesday heads to the Senate for consideration, where its fate is uncertain.
Leo Briceno is a politics reporter for the congressional team at Fox News Digital. He was previously a reporter with World Magazine.
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