2026年9月10日 美国东部时间上午10:29 / 美国有线电视新闻网（CNN）
作者：约翰·弗里茨
更新于2026年9月10日 美国东部时间上午10:55
华盛顿特区——2026年8月12日日落时分的美国最高法院。（图片来源：凯文·卡特/盖蒂图片社）
凯文·卡特/盖蒂图片社
美国最高法院周四支持了密苏里州一份有利于民主党的国会选区划分方案的反对者，迅速作出裁决，否决了一份本可让共和党在众议院多拿一个席位的计划。
这份未附任何解释、也未记录异议的裁决，几乎可以肯定意味着该州将沿用此前的选区划分方案——该方案为共和党预留了6个有望获胜的席位，而非新方案中的7个。
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这一简短裁决可能仅会影响一个席位，但对共和党而言，这是在由6名保守派大法官和3名自由派大法官组成的联邦最高法院中，罕见的选举相关失利。同时，这也削弱了唐纳德·特朗普总统试图通过全国各州的国会选区划分方案获取优势、以在明年继续掌控众议院的努力。
此次紧急上诉由一个名为“人民而非政客”的组织提起，该组织曾发起运动，要求将这份有利于共和党的新选区划分方案付诸全民公投。密苏里州最高法院已支持该诉求，实际上要求该州恢复使用更早的选区划分方案。当州政府官员上周就此裁决向美国最高法院提起上诉时，大法官布雷特·卡瓦诺拒绝了复审请求。
事实证明，这一裁决并非纠纷的终点。就在卡瓦诺发布简短的单句命令几分钟后，密苏里州一名审理另一案件的联邦法官作出临时裁决，实际上让州政府官员回到了那份有利于共和党的选区划分方案。密苏里州州务卿、共和党人丹尼·霍斯金斯表示，该州将按共和党支持的选区方案推进选举。
“人民而非政客”随即提起一系列上诉，试图叫停特朗普提名的联邦地区法官斯蒂芬·克拉克的这项命令。周三晚间，该案再次被提交至美国最高法院。
但最高法院迅速解决了此案——未附任何书面说明或异议——这表明，尽管这场诉讼充满戏剧性和混乱，但密苏里州从一开始就胜算不大。目前尚不清楚最高法院为何支持“人民而非政客”，但批评人士指出，围绕第二份选区方案的争议大多涉及州法律问题，而非联邦法律问题。
最高法院的保守派多数派——尤其是卡瓦诺——经常援引一项被称为“珀塞尔原则”的法律准则，警告联邦法院不要在选举前夕作出可能改变现状的选举案件裁决。
周四早些时候，特朗普政府司法部敦促最高法院支持密苏里州共和党人，辩称反对共和党友好选区方案的组织缺乏起诉资格，因为该组织未证明自己会因该方案受到损害。司法部还支持该州一名共和党国会议员提出的论点：在初选和大选之间更换选区划分方案会引发平等保护方面的担忧。
“宪法保障每位选民都享有平等权利，为自己支持的代表投票，”美国司法部副部长、政府首席上诉律师D·约翰·佐尔周四上午在最高法院表示，“在这个阶段更换选区划分方案将违反这一保障：部分选民本有机会在初选中投票选举将代表他们的国会议员，而另一部分选民则没有。”
本报道为突发新闻，将持续更新。
Supreme Court deals another blow to GOP hopes to capture extra congressional seat
2026-09-10 10:29 AM ET / CNN
By John Fritze
Updated Sep 10, 2026, 10:55 AM ET
WASHINGTON, DC – AUGUST 12: The U.S. Supreme Court is seen at sunset on August 12, 2026 in Washington, DC. (Photo by Kevin Carter/Getty Images)
Kevin Carter/Getty Images
The Supreme Court sided with opponents of a Republican-friendly congressional map in Missouri on Thursday, handing down a quick decision rejecting a plan that could have given the GOP an extra seat in the House of Representatives.
The order, issued without explanation and no noted dissent, will almost certainly mean the state will use a previous map that included six – rather than seven – winnable seats for the GOP.
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The brief decision will likely affect only a single seat, however, it is an unusual election-related loss for Republicans at the 6-3 conservative Supreme Court. And it undercuts President Donald Trump’s effort to eke an advantage out of state congressional maps across the country to retain Republican control of the House next year.
The emergency appeal was filed by a group called People Not Politicians, which had organized a campaign to put the new GOP-friendly map to a referendum. Missouri’s highest court had backed that effort, effectively requiring the state to revert to an earlier map. And when state officials appealed that ruling to the US Supreme Court last week, Justice Brett Kavanaugh declined to review it.
That decision, it turned out, wasn’t the end of the dispute. Minutes after Kavanaugh issued a brief one-sentence order, a federal judge in Missouri reviewing a different case handed down a temporary order that effectively pushed state officials back to the GOP friendly map. Missouri Secretary of State Denny Hoskins, a Republican, said the state would proceed with the GOP map.
People Not Politicians filed a flurry of appeals seeking to pause that order from US District Judge Stephen Clark, a Trump nominee. And on Wednesday evening, the case returned to the US Supreme Court.
But the high court’s quick resolution of the case – without any writing or dissent – suggests that for all the drama and confusion around the litigation, Missouri never stood much of a chance. It’s not clear why the Supreme Court sided with People Not Politicians, but critics noted that much of the dispute around the second map involved questions of state and not federal law.
The Supreme Court’s conservative majority – and Kavanaugh, in particular – have frequently also cited a legal doctrine known as the “Purcell principle” that warns federal courts against ruling in election cases that could change the status quo right before an election.
Earlier Thursday, the Trump Justice Department urged the Supreme Court to side with the Missouri Republicans, arguing that the group organizing opposition to the GOP-friendly map lacks the right to sue, known as standing, because it had not demonstrated how it would be harmed by the map. And it backed an argument raised by a Republican congressman in the state that switching maps between the primary and general elections raises equal protection concerns.
“The Constitution guarantees an equal right to vote for one’s own representatives,” Solicitor General D. John Sauer, the administration’s top appellate attorney, told the Supreme Court on Thursday morning. “Switching maps at this stage would violate that guarantee: Some voters will have had the opportunity to vote in primaries for the members of Congress who will represent them, while others will not.”
This story is breaking and will be updated.
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