2026-08-31 21:33:30 / 路透社
作者：内特·雷蒙德 乔纳森·斯坦普尔
2026年8月31日 美国东部时间晚上9:33 更新于1小时前
摘要
- 此项裁决阻止纽约州执行针对化石燃料公司的气候变化法案
- 法官称《清洁空气法》未授权州级排放补偿计划
- 该法案适用对象为累计排放10亿吨温室气体的企业
纽约，8月31日（路透社）—— 一名联邦法官周一裁定，纽约州无法执行2024年州级法案，该法案要求化石燃料企业在25年内累计缴纳750亿美元，用于支付气候变化造成的损失。
位于纽约州锡拉丘兹的美国首席地区法官布伦达·桑尼斯支持22个共和党州总检察长以及包括美国商会在内的行业团体的主张，认定该州法案被联邦法律优先适用。
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桑尼斯是民主党总统贝拉克·奥巴马任命的法官，她表示，赋予联邦环境保护局监管二氧化碳排放权限的《清洁空气法》，并未授权各州采用纽约州这类排放补偿计划。
她称，执行纽约州的《气候变化超级基金法案》可能会打破预防全球变暖“这一必然需要国家标准和全球参与的项目”，与促进经济增长、能源生产、外交政策利益和国家安全之间的平衡。
“《气候法案》与影响国家能源和环境政策事务以及联邦制基本利益的统一决策规则这一压倒性需求相冲突，”她写道。
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领导各州反对该法案的西弗吉尼亚州总检察长、共和党人JB·麦卡斯基在一份声明中对这一裁决表示欢迎，称该州法案是“纽约精英阶层的抢钱行为”。
2024年12月签署该州法案的民主党纽约州州长凯西·霍楚尔的发言人肯·洛维特表示，其办公室正在审查该裁决，以确定可能的后续行动。
“纳税人不应为污染者造成的损失买单，”洛维特说道。
纽约州是美国第二个设立由行业出资的“超级基金”以应对气候变化的州。佛蒙特州是第一个，其法案同样面临法律挑战。
纽约州法案要求化石燃料企业自2028年起每年向该超级基金缴纳30亿美元，缴纳比例根据其2000年至2018年间的温室气体排放量划分。
blob:https://www.reuters.com/15548981-678d-45b7-8aab-57e63ce431f2
https://www.reuters.com/world/new-york-cannot-enforce-75-billion-climate-superfund-law-us-judge-rules-2026-08-31/
https://www.reuters.com/world/new-york-cannot-enforce-75-billion-climate-superfund-law-us-judge-rules-2026-08-31/
https://www.reuters.com/world/new-york-cannot-enforce-75-billion-climate-superfund-law-us-judge-rules-2026-08-31/
https://www.reuters.com/world/new-york-cannot-enforce-75-billion-climate-superfund-law-us-judge-rules-2026-08-31/
https://www.reuters.com/world/new-york-cannot-enforce-75-billion-climate-superfund-law-us-judge-rules-2026-08-31/
https://www.reuters.com/world/new-york-cannot-enforce-75-billion-climate-superfund-law-us-judge-rules-2026-08-31/
https://www.reuters.com/world/new-york-cannot-enforce-75-billion-climate-superfund-law-us-judge-rules-2026-08-31/
该法案适用对象为纽约州环境保护厅认定的在此期间累计排放10亿吨温室气体的企业。募集资金本将用于建设道路、供水系统、污水处理系统及其他基础设施，以保护社区和海岸线免受极端高温、洪水等天气事件的影响。
在2025年2月提起的诉讼中，共和党州总检察长称纽约州法案是出于政治动机的“越权行为”，惩罚了如今已遵守相关法律的传统能源企业。他们表示，如果生产商被迫停产，煤炭、石油和天然气生产商的赔偿支出可能会导致数千个工作岗位流失。
共和党总统唐纳德·特朗普执政时期的美国司法部去年提起了类似诉讼，并在桑尼斯审理的这起案件中支持各州总检察长。
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本报记者内特·雷蒙德 波士顿报道，乔纳森·斯坦普尔 纽约报道；编辑：大卫·格雷戈里奥
我们的准则：汤森路透信托原则。
New York cannot enforce $75 billion climate ‘superfund’ law, US judge rules
2026-08-31 21:33:30 / Reuters
By Nate Raymond and Jonathan Stempel
August 31, 2026 9:33 PM UTC Updated 1 hour ago
Rain clouds over the New York City skyline of Manhattan and the Hudson River as heavy storms impacted the northeast U.S., as seen from Fort Lee, New Jersey, August 3, 2026. REUTERS/Mike Segar Purchase Licensing Rights, opens new tab
Summary
- Ruling prevents New York from enforcing climate change law targeting fossil fuel companies
- Judge says Clean Air Act does not authorize state emissions compensation schemes
- Law applies to companies linked to 1 billion tons of greenhouse gas emissions
NEW YORK, Aug 31 (Reuters) – A federal judge ruled on Monday that New York cannot enforce a 2024 state law that sought to force fossil fuel companies to contribute $75 billion over 25 years into a fund to pay for damage caused by climate change.
Chief U.S. District Judge Brenda Sannes in Syracuse, New York sided, opens new tab with 22 Republican state attorneys general, as well as industry groups including the U.S. Chamber of Commerce, in finding the state measure preempted by federal law.
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Sannes, an appointee of Democratic President Barack Obama, said the Clean Air Act, which gave the federal Environmental Protection Agency authority to regulate carbon-dioxide emissions, did not authorize states to adopt emissions compensation schemes such as New York’s.
She said enforcing New York’s Climate Change Superfund Act risked upsetting the balance between preventing global warming, “a project that necessarily requires national standards and global participation,” and promoting economic growth, energy production, foreign policy interests and national security.
“The Climate Act conflicts with the overriding need for a uniform rule of decision on matters influencing national energy and environmental policy, and basic interests of federalism,” she wrote.
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West Virginia Attorney General JB McCuskey, a Republican who led the states’ opposition, in a statement hailed the decision, calling the state law “a money grab by the elites in New York.”
The office of New York Governor Kathy Hochul, a Democrat who signed the state law in December 2024, is reviewing the decision to determine possible next steps, spokesperson Ken Lovett said.
“Taxpayers shouldn’t have to foot the bill for damages caused by polluters,” Lovett said.
New York was the second U.S. state to create an industry-financed “superfund” to address climate change. Vermont was the first state, and its law also faces legal challenges.
The New York law required fossil fuel companies to contribute $3 billion annually to the superfund starting in 2028, divided based on their greenhouse gas emissions between 2000 and 2018.
blob:https://www.reuters.com/15548981-678d-45b7-8aab-57e63ce431f2
https://www.reuters.com/world/new-york-cannot-enforce-75-billion-climate-superfund-law-us-judge-rules-2026-08-31/
https://www.reuters.com/world/new-york-cannot-enforce-75-billion-climate-superfund-law-us-judge-rules-2026-08-31/
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The law applied to companies that the state’s Department of Environmental Conservation considered responsible for 1 billion tons of greenhouse gas emissions during that period. Money would have gone to build roads, water systems, sewage systems and other infrastructure to protect communities and coastlines from weather events such as extreme heat and flooding.
In their February 2025 lawsuit, the Republican attorneys general called New York’s law a politically motivated “overreach,” which punished traditional energy companies that now comply with applicable laws. They said payouts from coal, oil and natural gas producers could wipe out thousands of jobs if the producers were forced to shut down.
The U.S. Department of Justice under Republican President Donald Trump had filed a similar lawsuit last year and supported the state attorneys general in the case before Sannes.
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Reporting by Nate Raymond in Boston and Jonathan Stempel in New York; Editing by David Gregorio
Our Standards: The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles.
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